What clinical manifestations are expected in the course of altered ventilation and diffusion?

Please answer the following questions below:

1). Consider the phrase “breathing is fundamental.” Write a short report (not more than two paragraphs), explaining the meaning of that statement. Include the consequences, if any, of “holding your breath.” The Internet provides good resources when queried about “holding your breath.”

2). What clinical manifestations are expected in the course of altered ventilation and diffusion?

PLEASE KEEP IN MIND THAT QUESTION #1 SHOULD BE NO MORE THAN A 1-2 PARAGRAPH ANSWER!