Demonstrate a general understanding of the types of uncertainty that must be taken into consideration across various clinical radiotherapy modalities, and provide an overview of methods that can be used to mitigate the clinical effect of these uncertainties.

Methods of ensuring that the delivery of radiotherapy is not compromised by uncertainties

The essay should contain two parts:

1. Demonstrate a general understanding of the types of uncertainty that must be taken into consideration across various clinical radiotherapy modalities, and provide an overview of methods that can be used to mitigate the clinical effect of these uncertainties.

2. Choose one particular area to discuss in more detail. For example, this could be a discussion of the uncertainties related to one particular radiotherapy modality (e.g. MV photons, electrons, protons, brachytherapy, molecular radiotherapy, etc.); or a discussion of the uncertainties related to one part of the treatment process (e.g. immobilisation, imaging, contouring, margins, planning, delivery, motion, etc.).