Sodium is one of the primary electrolytes in the body. It is also the primary mineral lost in sweat.  What happens if sodium concentrations are too high or too low?

Chapter 7 & 8 Question

Chapter 7
1. Human cannot drink salty water (like ocean water). In large amounts it will cause severe health problems.  Based upon your understanding of Hypertonic solutions.  What is the problem with salt water from a cellular hydration perspective?

2. Chapter 7.2 lists the functions of water in the body. Create a list of the functions and define each in a sentence or two.

3. How does the brain detect water status and respond by altering thirst?

4. How do the kidneys an adrenal glands regulate the amount of water and salt in the body?

5. Sodium is one of the primary electrolytes in the body. It is also the primary mineral lost in sweat.  What happens if sodium concentrations are too high or too low?

6. Imbalances of Potassium can be disastrous to health. Explain the health problems associated with too much or too little potassium?

7. How does dehydration affect the body (heart rate, Blood pressure, etc). How does dehydration affect sports performance?

Chapter 8
1. What are free radicals and how does the body neutralize them using enzymes and made chemicals like glutathione?

2. The antioxidant vitamins are A,C, & E (remember the word ACE). Describe the role of each of these in disease prevention.
A-
C-
E-
3. Three key groups of phytonutrient are listed below. For each define and give examples of their health benefits
Carotenoids-
Flavonoids (especially anthocyanidins)-
Organosulfur compounds-
4. What is the only anti-oxidant mineral? What are the health benefits to adequate intake of this mineral?

5. What dietary choices are necessary to ensure adequate intake of these antioxidants and phytonutrients? What are the dietary recommendations?