Mrs. Scalise, a 63-year-old woman, was brought to the hospital by a police officer after falling on the sidewalk. She is found to have alcoholic hepatitis. She is put on a salt- and protein-restricted diet, and diuretics are prescribed to manage her ascites (accumulated fluid in the abdominal cavity). How will diuretics reduce this excess fluid? Name and describe the mechanisms of action of three types of diuretics. Why is her salt diet restricted?

Urinary System

Copy the following questions, add your answers, and submit them below in one attached document.

1. In your own words, explain the mechanisms that contribute to renal autoregulation.

2. Explain the purpose and processes of tubular secretion.

3. Mrs. Scalise, a 63-year-old woman, was brought to the hospital by a police officer after falling on the sidewalk. She is found to have alcoholic hepatitis. She is put on a salt- and protein-restricted diet, and diuretics are prescribed to manage her ascites (accumulated fluid in the abdominal cavity). How will diuretics reduce this excess fluid? Name and describe the mechanisms of action of three types of diuretics. Why is her salt diet restricted?

4. Explain why and how total body sodium content, ECF volume, and blood pressure are jointly regulated.

5. For each of the following sets of blood values, name the acid-base imbalance (acidosis or alkalosis), determine its cause (metabolic or respiratory), decide whether the condition is being compensated, and cite at least one possible cause for the imbalance.

Problem 1: pH = 7.63, PCO219 mm Hg, HCO3– 19.5 mEq/L

Problem 2: pH = 7.22, PCO2 30 mm Hg, HCO3- 12.0 mEq/L