Describe the function of enzymes in the digestion of food. Describe the chemical composition of carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids. Describe the chemical tests performed on food and explain the results.

Lab 11

Overview
Biological macromolecules are large, complex organic molecules that are synthesized and used by living organisms. These biological macromolecules can be divided into four categories: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Food consists of these molecules. Biological macromolecules cannot pass through the intestinal wall unless they are converted to smaller molecules by digestive enzymes. In this investigation, you will perform standard chemical tests for carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids. Then you will model enzymatic digestion of protein and starch under conditions simulating the stomach and intestines. The effects of temperature and pH on enzymatic activity will also be tested.

Outcomes
• Describe the function of enzymes in the digestion of food.
• Describe the chemical composition of carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids.
• Describe the chemical tests performed on food and explain the results.
• Model the gastric digestion of protein and evaluate the effect of pH on the process.
• Model the salivary digestion of starch.