Child Growth and Development
Exam 1 Review
Chapter 1 (29 points)
- Definitions – nature, nurture, naturalistic observation studies, shaping, positive reinforcement, and time out
- Know the purpose of human development theories.
- Know about Gesell, Bandura, Freud, Erikson, and Vygotsky’s theories of development.
- Know that Behaviorism and Learning Theory are the same.
- Be able to identify examples of classical and operant conditioning.
- Be able to identify the conditioned and unconditioned responses for classical conditioning examples.
- Know what is in the text about the most effective way for teachers to increase appropriate behavior and decrease disruptive behavior.
- Know what cognitive theorist study.
- Know how assimilation and accommodation work according to Piaget.
- Know about the ethical considerations of conducting research with human subjects.
- Know about awareness of diversity with young children.
- Know about the different types of research studies.
Chapter 2 (18 points)
- Definitions – monozygotic twins, dizygotic twins, carriers, phenotype, heredity, chromosomes, genetic counseling, amniocentesis, and conception
- Know about genes inherited from parents.
- What traits are influenced by your genetics?
Chapter 3 (25 points)
- Definitions – zygote, teratogens, fetal alcohol effect, fetal alcohol syndrome, cephalocaudal, and proximodistal
- Know the major events that happen at each stage of prenatal development.
- What is the purpose of ammonic fluid?
- Know about prenatal activity and movement and later activity level.
- When during prenatal development is the developing infant most at risk to teratogens?
- What does the zygote do before implantation?
- Before implantation, how are the developing cells nourished?
- How is the fetus connected to the placenta? How is the mother connected to the placenta?
- How is HIV transmitted to a new born?
- Why are pregnant women advised to take folic acid supplements?
- Know the impact of smoking, lead, radiation, and maternal stress on prenatal development.
Chapter 4 (28 points)
- Definitions: efface, dilate, Braxton-Hicks contractions, crowning, epidural, Lamaze, C-section, postpartum blues, postpartum depression, and postpartum psychosis
- Know what happens during the stage of childbirth.
- Know about parents and care of preterm infants.
- Know about the research on parental interaction with infant in the first few hours after birth.
- Know what the Apgar is and what it assesses.
- Know what reflexes are and know the typical reflexes that newborn infants have.
- What tastes do infants prefer?
- Be able to identify examples of classical and operant conditioning in infants.
- What is the purpose of infant crying?
- What is the best way to respond to crying?
- What do we know about Sudden Infant Death Syndrome?
