Null hypothesis
| Before Deep Breathing | After Deep Breathing |
| 17 | 11 |
| 12 | 10 |
| 10 | 4 |
| 12 | 8 |
| 11 | 5 |
| 16 | 4 |
| 8 | 6 |
| 13 | 10 |
1: What’s the null hypothesis for this research question?
Group of answer choices
Ha: Anxiety levels are significantly lower after deep breathing
Ho: Anxiety levels before deep breathing ≤ anxiety levels after deep breathing
2: What’s the alternative hypothesis for this research question?
Group of answer choices
Ha: Anxiety levels are significantly lower after deep breathing
Ho: Anxiety levels are the same before and after deep breathing
3: What’s the best statistical test to use to analyze this research question?
Group of answer choices
Correlation coefficient
F statistic
Independent sample t-test
One sample z-test
One way ANOVA
Dependent samples t-test
4: The next step is to compute the test statistic. What is the t-statistic value (make sure you’re using the t-test formula for the dependent samples t-test). Round your answer to two decimal places.
5: What are the degrees of freedom?
6: Should you do a one-tailed or two-tailed test here? Think about whether the hypothesis is directional or non-directional!
Group of answer choices
two tailed
one tailed
7: What is the critical value?
8: Based on the t-value provided and the critical value, what is your decision about this research study?
Group of answer choices
There is not a significant decrease in anxiety before and after deep breathing.
There is a significant increase in anxiety after deep breathing
There is a significant decrease in anxiety after deep breathing
9: Write up your results as you would see them in an APA style write up. Don’t forget to include your means and sds for the before and after data!
