Briefly answer the following specific questions using the Smil reading:

First: Using the Smil reading and video, describe the “Four Stroke” engine devised by Rudolph Otto. Why do you think this invention has become the standard for modern automobiles? (There are still “two-stroke” engines, but they are mostly used in lawnmowers . . . and maybe Fiats.)

Second: Why did a car manufacturer like Henry Ford have so much success with his designs, especially his Model Ts?

Third: What innovations and changes made cars more comfortable, reliable, and safe?

— How were internal combustion engines first used in a practical way?