What statistical test should be used to analyze these data?

1.

A college student is interested whether there is a difference between male and female students in the amount of time spending working out each week. The student gathers information from a random sample of male and female students on her campus. Amount of time spend working out is normally distributed. The data appear below.

Males	Females
7	5
5	9
9	8
10	3
6	10
2	5
4	9

1. a) What statistical test should be used to analyze these data?
   b) Identify Ho and Ha for this study.
   c) Conduct the appropriate analysis.
   d) Should Ho be rejected? What should the researcher conclude?
   e) If significant compute the effect size and interpret this.

 

2.

A student is interested in whether students who study with others devote as much attention to their studies as do students who study alone. He believes those who study alone devote more attention to their studies. He randomly assigns participants to either group or individual study conditions and has them read and study the same passage of information for the same amount of time. Participants are then given the same 10-item test on the material. Their scores appear below. Scores on the test represent interval/ratio data and are normally distributed.

Group	Alone
6	10
5	9
6	7
5	7
6	6
6	6
7	8
8	6
5	9

 

1. a) What statistical test should be used to analyze these data?
   b) Identify H0 and Ha for this study.
   c) Conduct the appropriate analysis.
   d) Should H0 be rejected? What should the researcher conclude?
   e) If significant, compute the effect size and interpret this.

 

 

3.

A researcher believes exercise reduces anxiety in women. She identifies a group of women who had not exercised before but are now planning to begin exercising. She gives them a 50-item anxiety inventory before they begin exercising and administers it again after 6 months of exercising. The anxiety inventory is measured on an interval scale and higher numbers indicate higher anxiety. In addition, scores on the inventory are normally distributed. The scores appear below.

Before	After
46	44
41	40
42	39
47	46
43	42
45	43

1. a) What statistical test should be used to analyze these data?
   b) Identify Ho and Ha for this study.
   c) Conduct the appropriate analysis.
   d) Should Ho be rejected? What should the researcher conclude?
   e) If significant, compute the effect size and interpret this.

 

4.

A researcher is interested in comparing the self-esteem of students who volunteer for community service versus those who do not. The researcher assumes that those who complete community service will have higher self-esteem scores. Self-esteem scores tend to be skewed (not normally distributed). The self-esteem scores appear below. Higher scores indicate higher self-esteem levels.

No Community Service	Community Service
33	41
41	48
54	61
13	72
22	83
26	55

1. a) What statistical test should be used to analyze these data?
   b) Identify H0 and Ha for this study.
   c) Conduct the appropriate analysis.
   d) Should H0 be rejected? What should the researcher conclude?

 

 

5.

You noticed in a training class that it appears that more men tend to sit near the door and more women opposite the door. In order to determine whether this difference is significant, you collect data on the seating preferences for the students in your class. The data appears below:

	Males	Females
Near the Door	25	14
Opposite the Door	12	20

1. a) What is the statistical test that should be used to analyze these data?
   b) Identify Ho and Ha for this study.
   c) Conduct the appropriate analysis.
   d) Should Ho be rejected? What should the researcher conclude?