Write a 4-paragraph memo to the division manager explaining the flexible budget variances; how to interpret the information and what action, if any to take.

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Write a 4-paragraph memo to the division manager explaining the flexible budget variances; how to interpret the information and what action, if any to take. Comment on the 5% marketing proposal too. Start with an introduction and end with a recommendation. Each of the four or five paragraphs should have a heading.

You must submit the essay and in addition the excel file containing/showing all the calculations.

Explain the role of management accounting in SMEs

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1. Write an academic paper consisting of a critical review and synthesis of the literature together with some analysis and interpretation of this literature review.

2. This piece of work should be in the range of 7000-8000 words (excluding references i.e. bibliography)

3. You should pay specific attention to the title. You should not alter it the topic title but can refine it to a more specific topic/stream/area if you wish.

4. Structure your paper like a peer reviewed academic paper, similar to those you are reading for your literature review.

5. Include a table of contents

6. Use Harvard referencing

7. Use font Calibri or Times New roman, font size 12, 1.5 line spacing.

8. Include an abstract

9. You must have an opening section entitled Introduction and a closing section entitled Conclusions and future research. The other sections are up to you.

10. This is an academic paper and the literature review should consist substantially of academic literature

11. Your paper must include some analytical or discursive content beyond the literature review.

12. The abstract should be 150/200 word at the beginning of the paper, before the introduction, that provides readers with a quick overview of the paper

13. The abstract should be one of the best parts of the paper.

14. The abstract should direct readers attention to key highlights

15. It should suggest any implications or applications of future research discussed in your paper.

16. Focus on using PRJ’s (peer review journals)

17. Key journals that should be used include:

· Accounting Organisation & Society (AOS)

· Accounting, audit and accountability (AAAJ)

· Management Accounting Research (MAR)

· Critical Perspectives on Accounting (CPA)

· European Accounting review (EAR)

· British Accounting review (BAR)

· Qualitive Research in Accounting & Management Irish Accounting Review (QRAM)

· Journal of Management Accounting Research (JMAR)

· Accounting horizons

· Academy of Management Journal (AOM)

· Journal of information systems

· Harvard Business Review (HBR)

Discuss a social issue that you feel deeply about. Describe how you would contribute to the solution.

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Option 1
Discuss a social issue that you feel deeply about. Describe how you would contribute to the solution.

Option 2
Describe a technology trend that may impact your target career.

Option 3
Reach out to someone you haven’t met before for an informational interview to learn more about your target role and the steps you can take to achieve success. Discuss who you met, how you connected with them, and what insights you gained from your conversation.

Why are you looking to pursue an MBA or MS program at this point in your life and what do you see yourself doing professionally upon graduation?

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Why are you looking to pursue an MBA or MS program at this point in your life and what do you see yourself doing professionally upon graduation? What key actions have you taken up to this point to prepare you for this career?

What key actions have you taken up to this point to prepare you for this career?

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Why are you looking to pursue an MBA or MS program at this point in your life and what do you see yourself doing professionally upon graduation? What key actions have you taken up to this point to prepare you for this career?

Compare the weaknesses within the company to exposure, threats, and opportunities for fraud which took place.

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The case study is on ENRON, one of the poster companies for corruption, excess, fraud, and precursor to Sarbanes-Oxley.

Step One: Analyze the Company’s History

The company’s past may have greatly affected the state of the organization. To begin your case study analysis, investigate the company’s founding, red-flags, financial critical incidents, structure, and growth. Create a timeline of events and issues. This timeline will come in handy for the next step in your case analysis. What in the history could have led to the company’s fall?

Step Two: Identify Weaknesses within the Company

Using the information, you gathered in step one, continue your case study analysis by examining and making a list of fraudulent crimes that occurred in the company. For example, the company may have been weak in a particular area, but strong in another which led to non-detection. Make a list of problems that have occurred and note the effects they had on the company and its stakeholders.

Step Three: Gather Information on the Environment

The third step involves identifying threats within the company’s internal and external environment. What about the environment led to fraud and later detection?

Step Four: Analyze Findings

Using the information in steps two and three, you will need to create an analysis for this portion of your case study. Compare the weaknesses within the company to exposure, threats, and opportunities for fraud which took place.

Step Five: Analyze Systems and Evidence Found

This step requires that you to identify and analyze the structure and control systems that the fraudsters used to cover their tracks. Evaluate organizational change, levels of hierarchy, employees involved, conflicts, and other human factor issues deemed important. Look at the evidence in detail and discuss it.

Step Six: Forensic Recommendations and Outcomes

The final part of your case study analysis should include your recommendations as a fraud examiner. Be sure to address issues of remediation that occurred. Every recommendation you make should be based on your own knowledge and supported by outside sources.

Never make a baseless recommendation. You want to make sure that your suggested solutions are actually realistic. What in this case could have been avoided? How could the corporate accounting fraud case have been circumvented or stopped earlier? Analyze this case as if you were working it yourself.

Step Seven: Review the Case Study Analysis

Look over your analysis. Critique your work to make sure every step has been covered. Look for other items that can be improved.

Critically evaluate how the adoption of the concept of Strategic Management Accounting and associated techniques are likely to impact on organisational performance

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Drawing on academic literature and professional publications, critically evaluate :(pros and cons) :

I) the changes that have been taking place in the roles are likely to develop in the future ;(financing, management accounting, taxation, audit). (800-1000 words)

Ii) how the adoption of the concept of Strategic Management Accounting and associated techniques are likely to impact on organisational performance ;(1000-1250 words)

Iii) the extent to which your Degree programme is appropriate preparation for a career as a professional accountant. (250-500 words)

The evaluation is based on the context uploaded on additional materials.

Discuss the circumstances under which some of the contractual hedging techniques might be preferred to the others.

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Discuss the circumstances under which some of the contractual hedging techniques might be preferred to the others. (Word limit: 400 words ± 10%

Identify the relevant ESG factors that would affect the bottom line of the BP.

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• What are you going to talk about in this report?
• What is the purpose of it?
• What will it include?
• 50-150 words (NO more than 150 words for Intro)
Required
Q1) Read the Case of British Petroleum (BP) provided and identify the relevant ESG factors that would affect the bottom line of the BP. You may wish to use the concept of triple bottom line. Please only distinguish material factors. Materiality is not determined as ‘material from accounting point of view’. In this case material means any information that will have an impact on the value of BP. As we cover NPV techniques during this module please assume the value of BP as a sum of NPVs from all projects in BP’s portfolio. Please discuss the impact of the ESG factors you identified on the NPVs of projects the company is pursuing. (5x 3 marks for discussion of each factor (E, S, G) and 15 marks for assessing the impact of those factors). Hint: if you find this question difficult please start from question 3 by reading research first before attempting questions 1-2.
Q2)  use the factors identified in question 1 and describe how they would affect the NPV valuation. You might wish to think if those factors are quantifiable and if yes, can you adjust the cash flow or other items in the financials to arrive at a more accurate value?
Q3)  use research published in academic journals as well as the industry (for example PRI, CFA Institute, McKenzie) to confirm that the factors you discussed in question 1 matter even if you struggled to quantify them in question 2. Please try to look at the literature that both confirm and reject the same claims. Draw your own conclusion. Please read the File WHICH I HAVE ATTACHED AND ALL THE INFORMATION ARE CLEAR.
Due on 16th March.

Evaluate the field of Behavioural Finance with comparisons to traditional finance, and identify a research question you believe Behavioural Finance should address

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Evaluate the field of Behavioural Finance with comparisons to traditional finance, and identify a research question you believe Behavioural Finance should address
Assignment Title and Description:

Evaluate the field of Behavioural Finance with comparisons to traditional finance, and identify a research question you believe Behavioural Finance should address

Mark scheme:
You need to demonstrate that you have carried out extended research on this topic using wide range of references (books and journal papers) and that you understand these references.

Weighting
1. You can form your discussion by looking into the following areas (but need not to be limited to these): an overview of Behavioural Finance; the differences in basic assumptions between Behavioural Finance and standard finance; the development of Behavioural Finance; the advantages and limitations of Behavioural Finance compared to standard finance.
50%
2. Identify and present your proposed research question in Behavioural Finance with clarity. Provide reasons why you think this question has significance in Behavioural Finance, supporting your argument with literature. Make suggestions on how this research question may be solved.
30%
3. Your report should be well structured, original (eg. no copy and paste), written with clarity, coherent, correctly referenced, and free from grammar and spelling mistakes. Team member contribution should be equal with effective collaboration.
20%
Total 100%Specific instructions:
Length of Report: about 800 (+/- 10%) words
Include your student numbers on the front page of your report.
The word processed report should be around 800 words (excluding references, appendices and numerical/data tables) plus or minus 10 per cent. No abstract, executive summary or conclusion is needed. Report outside this length will be penalised by 10 per cent for every further 10 per cent deviation in length.

Use 1.5 line spacing and a font size of no less than 12 in your report. Include your student numbers and the word count on the front page of your report. Failure to follow any of these formatting instructions will incur a penalty of up to 5% of the coursework mark.

Structure of Report and Headings:
Title page (Title and student numbers)
Main chapters/sections:
1. An evaluation of Behavioural Finance (marking scheme point 1)
2. A proposed research question in Behavioural Finance (marking scheme point 2)
References