Describe and trace out the steps in a motor activity from the motor cortex to the feedback the sensory system receives. Explain in details on an example of a synaptic activity.

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Summary Questions

You will give answers in detailed information about the three questions regarding the topic in neurophysiology. Every question should be fully answered at least in a single page, making the paper to be three pages in total.

1) Describe and trace out the steps in a motor activity from the motor cortex to the feedback the sensory system receives.

2) Explain in details on an example of a synaptic activity.

3) Give detailed explanation about an example of an excitation contraction coupling.

Explain interrelationships among molecular, cellular, tissue, and organ functions in each system Describe the interdependency and interaMons of the systems.

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Project 1

COURSE OBJECTIVES
Explain interrelationships among molecular, cellular, tissue, and organ functions in each system
Describe the interdependency and interaMons of the systems.

Overview

Create an electronic diagram, poster, or 3D Cell Model.

First, you will need to decide if you’re focusing on plant or animal cells. Once you decide, you will need to research the structures of each cell. Determine what function each of these structures serves.

Next, you will need to find a larger object that performs the same function in your day-to-day life as the structure in the cell performs. For example, a chloroplast is like a restaurant in that it gathers raw materials and uses them to produce food we can eat. Be prepared to describe how the cell correspond to these real-world objects in class. You will compose a 2-paragraph essay, each paragraph being 3 to 5 sentences long. If you utilize any resources, please ensure effective APA formatting is used.

All students complete this project of their cell on a poster board, electronic diagram or 3D model using the 3D printer. You must include the structures you found analogies for. Students must paste pictures of the objects they found around the cell, including an explanation on how these objects are like the cell part they are analogous to.

Describe modem Mffinelogy and tools used to study anatomy and physiology. Explain coffinhuhons of organs and systems to Me maintenance of homeostasis.

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Home Announcements Syllabus Modules Grades Chat Assignments

Describe modem Mffinelogy and tools used to study anatomy and physiology.
Explain coffinhuhons of organs and systems to Me maintenance of homeostasis.

Overview
Answer each of the fallowing questions M complete sentences. Each question should be at least 3 to 5 sentences for both Critical Thinking Questions. If any resources, including the text is used, adhere to APA guidelines.

APA fommaing Resources

• APA Formatting overview: httpffipaformaturgffipa-format-ovenview/ ffi• Grammarlm https://www.grammarly.com ffi. Guidelines

• If neurons in the central nervous system lack ce ®rioles and are unable to divide, how can a person develop brain cancer?

• A police officer has just stopped Bill on suspicion of driving while intoxicated. The officer asks Bill to walk the yellow line on the road and then asks him to place the tip of his index finger on the tip of his nose. Which part of the brain A being tested by these activities? How would these activities indicate Bills level of sobriety?

• In some severe cases of stomach ulcers, the branches of the vagus nerve (X) that lead to the stomach are surgically severed. Flow might this procedure control the ulcers?

• Improper use of crutches can produce a condition known as crutch paralysis, which is characterized by a lack of response by the extensor muscles of the arm and a condition known as wrist drop. Which nerve is involved?

• While playing football, Ramon is tackled hard and suffers an injury to he left leg. As he tries to g® up, he finds that he cannot flex his left hip or extend the knee. Which nerve is damaged, and how would this damage affect sensory perception in his left leg?

From image A above, knowing the criteria of a resting membrane potential, what are the purple (+) charged balls? What are the orange (+) charged balls? What is the significance of their movement in/out of the neuron membrane? In addition, what do the purple doors and orange doors represent? Are they chemically-gated or voltage gated? How can you tell?

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Bonus Assignment: Neuron Action Potential (5 pts)

 *Use another color for your answers*

 The process of an action potential propagation along a neuron’s axon was discussed in lecture this week.  The diagram below illustrates each step of the process from A to F.

A      B    C

D        E     F

 

  1. Describe the image:

What is happening at each step of the image.  Be sure to note what is happening at each neuron membrane potential, which ion channels are open/closed, and the direction of ion movement.

  1. (-70 mV)
  2. (-60 mV)
  3. (+10 mV)
  4. (+30 mV
  5. (-90 mV)
  6. (-70 mV)

 

Label the neuron action potential graph below with corresponding A-F.

  1. Explain the plausible meanings and/or purposes: From image A above, knowing the criteria of a resting membrane potential, what are the purple (+) charged balls?  What are the orange (+) charged balls?  What is the significance of their movement in/out of the neuron membrane?  In addition, what do the purple doors and orange doors represent?  Are they chemically-gated or voltage gated?  How can you tell?

 

  1. Discuss the potential consequences and/or implications of the image’s meaning:From what you have discussed in the descriptions above, why is the presence of a Na+/K+ pump critical for a neuron?  What happens when a person dies, cellular respiration stops, ATP production stops, and thus, the Na+/K+ pump stops working?  Explain your answer.

 

 

 

 

Complete a discussion about “Brain tumor”.

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 Brain tumor

Complete a discussion about “Brain tumor”.

Instructions

The assignment must include the following: the definition, diagnosis and symptoms, possible causes or risk factors, possible treatments of the clinical condition, and at least four references, APA citation must be used for the bibliography. your post should have at least five well-structured paragraphs.

 

Explain how your pathophysiology is commonly treated. Provide possible treatment protocols for the condition based on current scientific literature.

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Macular Degeneration

This is a separate page by itself, with the following information centered in the middle of the page: course title, paper title, student’s name, instructor’s name, and date.

Description of Pathology:

Start the paper on a new page.
In this section, you will describe the pathology (statistics about it, background information, etc.). Give as much information as you can about it but be sure it is relevant information and not just filler. It should be a comprehensive introductory section of the condition in one to two paragraphs.

Normal anatomy of the major body system affected: In this section, you will describe what is considered normal anatomy for your particular pathophysiology. For example, if you are discussing a disease related to the brain, explain what is normal for the brain from an anatomical standpoint. You should show comprehensive knowledge of the fundamental concepts and communicate information using scientific vocabulary. There should be little to no discussion of the condition itself in this section.

Normal physiology of the major body system affected: In this section, you will be discussing physiology. Keep in mind that when describing physiology, it isn’t enough to merely provide a list of functions of the body system (Ex: Neurons send signals throughout the body), instead, you need to be able to describe how it does it. The how is the physiology. There should be little to no discussion of the condition itself in this section

Mechanism of Pathophysiology: This section is likely going to be the most in-depth and longest section. In this section, you will explain your particular pathophysiology from a scientific standpoint. In the previous two sections, you explained what is considered normal, in this section, you should describe what the pathophysiology is doing that is causing these issues, how the normal anatomy & physiology is affected/different in a person with your condition. You should show a thorough understanding of the anatomical and physiological changes contributing to the disease. Some good keywords to search for when doing your research might be “Pathology of __________”, Pathophysiology of __________.”

Prevention: In this section, you will explain how your pathophysiology could be prevented. This should outline possible prevention protocols, or clearly indicate if none is available based on the current scientific literature.

Treatment: In this section, you will explain how your pathophysiology is commonly treated. Provide possible treatment protocols for the condition based on current scientific literature. Be sure to bring in nursing relevant information and how you might be involved in the treatment of the condition.

Conclusion: Finally you should summarize your findings. All good research papers should include a conclusion where you wrap up and summarize all of the important points made in your paper.

Identify all systems of the human body, their organs, tissues and cell types and describe how structure relates to function at all levels. Integrate knowledge of the functioning of all the systems of the body in order to explain how the body functions as a whole.

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Midterm online quiz 

School of Health Sciences

HSCE 1020: Human Anatomy and Physiology I

Course Outline

SECTION A: COURSE INFORMATION

Office Hours

There are no official office hours. I am happy to meet with you by zoom or Collaborate Ultra should you wish. Otherwise, please feel free to send your question via email or phone if it is urgent. You may also copy the teaching assistant into your email query where appropriate.

Do note, except during weekends, holidays, all efforts will be made to respond to your enquiries within 72 hours.

Class Times & Locations:   This course is delivered online using the Brightspace course management platform, which is accessible 24 hours daily from the course start date. Students are generally not required to be in the online classroom at any given time. However, we will be conducting live online classes twice per week (Mondays and Wednesdays). These lectures will be recorded for those not able to attend.  If students are required to login at a particular time, notice will be provided in advance on the Course Homepage and/or by Course News.

Course Description:

Human Anatomy and Physiology I (HSCE 1020) and its companion Human Anatomy and Physiology II (HSCE 1030) are entry level courses intended to provide the student with an understanding of the cellular, organ, and system levels of organization of the human body.   Anatomy and Physiology are, in fact, two complementary branches of science that will be taught simultaneously in an integrated fashion.  The anatomy component will examine the structure of cells/tissues/organs within the human body and present their physical relationships to one another.  The physiology component will focus on the functions of the cells/tissues/organs and examine the ways that cells/tissues/organs work together to carry out their life sustaining activities. By presenting the two components simultaneously, the student will be exposed to an integrated learning environment where two complementary branches of science unite to explain the crucial processes that underlie human life. Human Anatomy and Physiology I (HSCE 1020) will begin by providing a foundation in the concepts of homeostasis, cell structure, chemical processes and tissue organization.  It will proceed to a comprehensive study of the covering, support and movement of the human body (the skeletal and muscular systems), the systems responsible for regulation and control of overall body function (the nervous system).  This course will provide students with an appreciation of the complexities of the human function and form, and provide a foundation for understanding the integration of more specific organ systems.

Pre-requisite: There are no prerequisites for HSCE 1020  Format: The teaching/learning process will occur through engagement in reflective and practical activities, readings, online discussions, and interactions with peers and the Instructor and/or Teaching Assistant(s). Interactions and discussions will be facilitated by and with classmates, with guidance from the Instructor and/or Teaching Assistant(s). On the Brightspace course site, students will find the Course Syllabus, Course News, Content Modules containing electronic resources and self tests and quizzes.

Technology & Software:   Log on to the Brightspace platform directly at https://dal.brightspace.com or through http://my.dal.ca/. The course site will be available on the first day of classes. For additional information about the technical requirements to run Brightspace review the Tutorials provided or contact the Computer Help Desk at helpdesk@dal.ca (902-494-2376). Please note: Brightspace works best with an up to date browser (i.e. Chrome or Firefox) and Microsoft Explorer is not recommended.

After a successful login, click on HSCE 1020: Human Anatomy and Physiology I.

Course Goals:

Upon completion of HSCE 1020 and 1030 students will be able to:

  1. Identify all systems of the human body, their organs, tissues and cell types and describe how structure relates to function at all levels.
  2. Integrate knowledge of the functioning of all the systems of the body in order to explain how the body functions as a whole.

 

Educational Objectives:

HSCE 1020 is designed to prepare students for advanced study in the Faculty of Health Professions. Upon completion of the course the student will be able to:

  1. Demonstrate the proper use of descriptive anatomical and directional terminology.
  2. Explain the organization of the human body from cells to tissue, tissues to organs, organs to systems, systems to the complete human.
  3. Describe how the various systems of the body function together.
  4. Identify and describe the basic anatomical structures and the physiologic functions of the integumentary system, including its role in homeostasis.
  5. Identify and describe the anatomical structures and the physiologic functions of the skeletal system, including its role in osteogenesis, support and protection.
  6. Identify and describe the anatomical structures and the physiologic functions of the muscular system, including its role in support, protection and movement.
  7. Identify and describe the anatomical structures and the physiologic functions of the nervous system, including its role in receiving and integrating information and in effecting change in the body.
  8. Discuss the concept of homeostasis and explain how the body’s control systems work to maintain a homeostatic balance.

 

Required Textbook

Principles of Anatomy and Physiology, 16th Edition WileyPLUS LMS Card,  Gerard J. Tortora, Bryan H. Derrickson ©2021 To support you in your purchase of this resource please contact the Dalhousie Health Sciences Bookstore at: https://bookstore.dal.ca/CourseSearch/?course[]=HS-SUB,HS-F22,HSCE,HSCE1020,&

 

Course Agenda and Schedule of Assessments

 

Date Event
Tuesday Sept 6th and 7th Course starts – Introduction Module and Module 1 opens

Introduction Webinar: Wednesday Sept 7, 2022, at 8:00 PM
Monday Sept 12th, 8AM – 8PM Introduction Module Quiz
Monday Sept 19th, 8AM – 8PM Quiz Module 1 Human Body Organization
Saturday Sept 17th Module 2.1 Integumentary System opens
Friday Sept 23th, 8AM – 8PM Quiz Module 2.1 Integumentary System
Saturday Sept 24th Module 2.2 and 2.3 Bone Tissue and Skeletal Systems opens
Friday Sept 30th, 8AM – 8PM Quiz Module 2.2 Bone Tissue
Friday Oct 7st, 8AM – 8PM Quiz Module 2.3 Skeletal System – Appendicular and Axial Skeleton
Saturday Oct 8th Module 2.4 Joints opens
Friday Oct 14th, 8AM – 8PM Quiz Module 2.4 Joints
Saturday Oct 15th Module 2.5 Muscle Tissue opens
Friday Oct 21st, 8AM – 8PM Quiz Module 2.5 Muscle Tissue
Saturday Oct 22nd Module 2.6 Muscular System opens
Friday Oct 28th, 8AM – 8PM Quiz Module 2.6 Muscle System
Saturday Oct 29th Module 3.1 Nervous Tissue opens
Tuesday November 1st, 8AM-10PM Midterm (Modules 1.4 and 2 all inclusive)
Friday November 4thth, 8AM – 8PM Quiz Module 3.1 Nervous Tissue
Saturday November 5th Module 3.2 opens
Friday Nov 18, 8AM-8PM Quiz Module 3.2
Saturday Nov 19th Module 3.3 opens
Friday Nov 25th, 8AM – 8PM Quiz Module 3.3
Saturday Nov 20th Module 3.4 opens
Friday Dec 2nd, 8AM – 8PM Quiz Module 3.4
Dec 2- Review Sessions and Final Exam Preparation
Exam Period Final Exam: Module 1.4 – 3.4, 2 hours

Online, date and time, TBD.

 

 

Assessment

Assessment Mode 1: Weekly Quizzes

 

 Each week

 

 25%
Assessment Mode 2: Self Assessment

 

 Each week

 

 5%
Assessment Mode 3: Midterm Exam

 

 End of Module 2

 

 30%
Assessment Mode 4: Final Exam TBD

 

 40%

 

Assessment Descriptions

Assessment Mode 1: Quizzes (25 points) Quizzes will be based on the content defined in each sub module’s learning objectives. Quizzes will typically be in the form of multiple choice, fill in the blank and labeling type questions. Students are expected to complete all weekly quizzes and the lowest quiz grade will be dropped.

Assessment Mode 2: Self-Assessment: Adaptive Practice Exercise (5 points) Students have access to a tool called Wiley’s Orion Adaptive Practice for each sub module of the course (each chapter of the textbook). This tool provides a wide variety of questions on the topic and feedback to students on how they are progressing and what they need to work on. It uses an adaptive algorithm customized to each student which gives questions related to how they have scored on the ‘diagnostic” question set for each chapter. As students continue to learn the content they are presented with more challenging questions. Students must do the ‘diagnostic’ question set (20 questions) in order to access the Adaptive Practice questions. Students can then do as many Adaptive Practice questions as they wish, but generally the more they practice the higher their score will become.  Students must achieve a grade of 60% on a certain number of sub-modules to receive a grade as shown below. This Adaptive Practice can be considered a form of a participation grade. The grade achieved by using this tool reflects the time and effort dedicated to learning the module content.  The first module of this course (Module 1) is used as an orientation to this Adaptive Practice tool. Proficiency levels achieved in this module will not be included in the course grade.  Details of this assessment mode will be provided at the 1st course Webinar.

# of sub modules where Adaptive Practice was completed on a minimum of 50 questions and a score of 60% was achieved

 

 Points

 
8 – 10 5
6-7 3
4-5 2
1-3 1

 

Assessment Mode 3: Midterm Exam (30 points) There is one scheduled midterm which will be delivered online.  The midterm exam will be comprised of multiple choice, labelling, fill-in-the-blank, and short essay questions. It will be held at the end of Module 2 and will cover all materials covered in Modules 1.4 to 2.6 inclusive.  Students will have 1.5 hours to complete the Midterm. Further details regarding the exam will be given during the course.

Assessment Mode 4: Final Exam (40 points) The final exam date will be scheduled by the Registrar’s office and delivered online.  The final exam will be comprehensive, in that it will cover all content covered in Modules 2 and 3. It will be comprised of multiple choice, fill in the blanks, labelling and short essay questions. Students will have 2 hours to complete the final exam. Further details regarding the exam will be given during the course.

 

What are the major factors that are leading to low population numbers for these species? What are some of the actions being taken to improve the survival of these species?

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U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service

Go to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Endangered Species website http://www.fws.gov/endangered/ and do a search for your State and County and determine the species that are that are threatened or endangered in your county. List the species below:

In addition choose two of the species and read their recovery action plans.

What are the major factors that are leading to low population numbers for these species?

What are some of the actions being taken to improve the survival of these species?

 

Since the parietal cell is destroyed, which substance(s) is Teri lacking as a consequence? What is the correlation between destruction of parietal cells and Vit B12 deficiency? Due to her condition, Teri lacks Pepsin. Explain why.

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Pernicious Anemia

Teri goes to see her PCP after feeling depressed last couple of months as well as experiencing a seizure earlier this week. The physician orders a few test, results are shown below:

  • Low hematocrit
  • Low levels of Vit B12
  • Low Oxygen levels
  • Presence of autoantibodies against the parietal cell
  • Peripheral blood smear shows abnormal RBC (large pale RBCs)

After viewing the results, Teri is diagnosed with Pernicious Anemia; a condition in which autoantibodies destroys the parietal cells found within the stomach.

Address each of the following regarding Teri’s case:

  1. Since the parietal cell is destroyed, which substance(s) is Teri lacking as a consequence?
  2. What is the correlation between destruction of parietal cells and Vit B12 deficiency?
  3. Due to her condition, Teri lacks Pepsin. Explain why.
  4. If Teri were healthy, explain what her RBCs would look like?
  5. What is hematocrit?
  6. Low oxygen levels stimulate her body to create new RBCs by stimulating which process? Explain that process in depth.
  7. What protein transports oxygen in our body and explain its structure?
  8. What cell secretes antibodies and explain the various functions of antibodies.
  9. What are the different types of antibodies and give two characteristics for each?
  10. Explain the structure of an immunoglobulin.

Specifics:

  • Support your opinions with evidence from your readings and research.
  • You must reference a minimum of three (3) scholarly sources in your paper, which includes one non-Internet source.
  • Use current APA Style to format your paper and to cite your sources.
  • Your paper/total responses must be 3– to 4-pages in length not including the title page, abstract, and reference pages.
    • Title page: Case Title, Full Name, Section, Date, Instructor and Campus
    • Abstract: Summarize the case in a paragraph
    • Introduction: The physiological importance of the digestive system, immune system, and cardiovascular system for the proper functioning of the human body
    • Body: Organize your analysis with headings that thoroughly answer the prompts

 

What are some areas or natural events where wind data would be necessary to have? What are some other examples of situations where wind plays an important role?

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Meteorological wind data is requested by a variety of companies and organizations every day. What are some areas (government, private, etc.) or natural events where wind data would be necessary to have? An example of this can be seen when wind data was requested after a nuclear reactor melted down at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant. What are some other examples of situations where wind plays an important role?