Do you think people always need antibiotics when they are sick or have an earache? d. The average generation time for bacteria is 20-30 minutes. How would this be a factor in bacteria developing resistance to antibiotics?

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Antibiotics in Evolution

A 2-3 page paper on a driving question guiding this topic on evolution: “Why would some bacteria become resistant to antibiotics? Explain this in terms of evolution by natural selection.

Use the following guidelines below as points that you can use to answer the question. You can include other points not included below.
a. Have you used antibiotics before and if so, when?
b. Antibiotics have been around since 1933. How did people fight infections prior to the discovery of antibiotics?
c. Do you think people always need antibiotics when they are sick or have an earache? d. The average generation time for bacteria is 20-30 minutes. How would this be a factor in bacteria developing resistance to antibiotics?

Explore the translation of fully folded proteins through Tat protein pathways in the bacterial plasma membrane compared to the chloroplast thylakoid membrane including their structural subunits (TatA, TatB, TatC)

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Project Proposal

Exploring the translation of fully folded proteins through Tat protein pathways in the bacterial plasma membrane compared to the chloroplast thylakoid membrane including their structural subunits (TatA, TatB, TatC).

What countries are doing to protect that species and evaluation of those management strategies. Factors that led to the species becoming endangered/critically endangered

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Select any endangered or critically endangered species.

Select any endangered or critically endangered species. Write a paper (on the selected species) which includes the following:

• Distribution

• Population size(s)

• Factors that led to the species becoming endangered/critically endangered

• What countries are doing to protect that species and evaluation of those management strategies

• Likely future outcomes

The paper must be written following all standard, academic writing conventions (format, organization, citations etc.)

The paper will demonstrate your ability to connect course materials to your research.

Length of paper: 2500 – 3000 words

Graphics: maps, charts, graphs, etc. should be incorporated within the paper.

How mimicry works on a genetic/molecular level? What supergenes are and where they come from, How mimicry affects species diversity, How species choose which characteristics to mimic.

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Ecological Genetics Course

This is a research paper for my ecological genetics course. Doesn’t need to state a hypothesis, but a very in depth study of the various forms of mimicry (including Batesian and mimicry). The paper should cover topics like how mimicry works on a genetic/molecular level, what supergenes are and where they come from, how mimicry affects species diversity, how species choose which characteristics to mimic, etc. Graphs/tables are encouraged. Need to use at least 10 sources. I’ll include a page with links to 10 sources that I’ve found but other ones may work better.

Describe microarray experiments carried out by Lim et al. (2005) to prove that mir-124 is important for defining brain specific gene expression pattern and that the 5’-end of this miRNA is sufficient for its function.

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miR-124

Essay Question: miR-124 is a microRNA (miRNA) that is preferentially expressed in the brain. Briefly, summarise how miRNAs mediate post-transcriptional repression. Also, describe microarray experiments carried out by Lim et al. (2005) to prove that mir-124 is important for defining brain specific gene expression pattern and that the 5’-end of this miRNA is sufficient for its function.

Refer to following research paper: Lim et al. (2005) Microarray analysis shows that some microRNAs downregulate large numbers of target mRNAs. doi: 10.1038/nature03315.

 

What did you learn about SCID? Is SCID a type of of immunodeficiency or hypersensitivity? Explain your answer. What cells of the immune system are affected if a patient has SCID?

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“Bubble Baby” Disease

Give your overall impression of the videos.
What did you learn about SCID?
Is SCID a type of of immunodeficiency or hypersensitivity? Explain your answer.
What cells of the immune system are affected if a patient has SCID?

What is the general purpose of the sensory nervous system and the specific purpose of the auditory system? What are the environmental factors that might have prevented Grandpa Carl from hearing Grandma Marie?

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Hearing loss case study

Carla Marie Jackson, a first semester graduate student in Audiology, was having difficulty staying awake in her early afternoon class. “I knew I shouldn’t have eaten such a big lunch,” she thought to herself as her head jerked up for the third time in the past 15 minutes. She glanced at the clock and groaned when she realized 45 minutes still remained in the period—Professor Wilson would take every bit of that, plus more! Her mind began to drift to the upcoming spring break that would begin next week, when suddenly something Professor Wilson said took her back to an experience she had while visiting her grandparents the previous Christmas.
Carla was named for her maternal grandparents, Carl and Marie Wojahowski. She loved them both dearly even though there couldn’t have been two more different people in the world. Grandpa Carl was a calm and loving man who spent his working career as an auto mechanic in the small northeastern Wisconsin town of Marinette. Grandma Marie was a 5-foot-1-inch ball of fire with a high-pitched shrill voice who always wanted to accomplish more than was physically possible in a day. Te only time she relaxed was when she slept. Grandma and Grandpa lived eight miles west of town in a two-story house with a wrap-around porch on a 160-acre farm. Carla’s mother, Kathy, the youngest of Carl and Marie’s six children, had married Bob Jackson, who she met in college, and they had raised their family  hours away in St. Louis. Carla was the oldest of their five children.
Many of Carla’s favorite childhood memories were of times she spent on the farm in the summers and at Christmas. She loved sitting on the porch with Grandpa Carl and working with him in his garden and orchard. He had tremendous patience with her as he showed her how to till the soil and care for the plants. She also loved working with Grandma Marie in the kitchen, although the pace and intensity was much greater than working with Grandpa in the yard. Preparing Christmas dinners was hectic as Grandma barked orders for six hours. Everything had to be perfect and if she did something wrong Grandma was “on her case” immediately. Carla smiled to herself when Grandma’s shrill voice cut the air, “Didn’t I tell you to cut those potatoes a quarter inch thick!” Grandma always meant well. She just got too excited, Carla always reminded herself. Besides, Grandma didn’t yell at her nearly as much as she yelled at Grandpa.
Professor Wilson now had Carla’s attention as he discussed age related problems affecting the auditory system. Carla thought back to a specific event the previous Christmas as she and her Mom prepared dinner under the watchful eye of Grandma Marie while Grandpa Carl and her Dad sat in the living room watching the Green Bay Packers play the Chicago Bears on tv. Carla almost laughed out loud in class as she remembered the situation.
Questions
1. What is the general purpose of the sensory nervous system and the specific purpose of the auditory system?
2. Trace the path of sound from the outer ear to interpretation by the brain, detailing what happens at each step in the pathway.
3. What are the environmental factors that might have prevented Grandpa Carl from hearing Grandma Marie?
4. Why was Bob able to hear Grandma Marie when Grandpa Carl could not.

Discuss the variance between measurements (Standard Deviation) How well does the trend-line represent the points on the graph? (R2) What are some things that are done during the experiment that can be changed?

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Spectrophotometric Determination of enzyme activity (Tyrosine)

Lab Report Common Issues: Discussion
Example
•For the standard curve
•What is in your graph, what does the data look like?
•What does the data tell you?
•Does it look like you expect it to, why/ why not?
•What do the error bars, R2, slope and trendline tell you?

Discussion
•Restate Hypothesis, and determine if it was correct or incorrect,
according to your data.
•Explain the science behind the experiment.
•What does each piece of data mean?
– Standard Curve?
– Potato types? How are they different?
– Explain the error in your Standard Deviation and R2 value
– What kind of errors may have occurred?

Error Analysis
•Discuss the variance between measurements (Standard Deviation)
•How well does the trend–line represent the points on the graph? (R2)
•What are some things that are done during the experiment that can
be changed?

Second Spin done
•Do you keep the supernatant or the pel

What is plant hormones. How is plant hormones effecting plant growth. Differentiate hormone concentration and plant lengths and amount of leafs were counted on day 1 and a week later.

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Plant hormones

The paper is on plant hormones and how it effects plant growth. We were split into groups and each group gave their plants a different hormone concentration and plant lengths and amount of leafs were counted on day 1 and a week later.

What does “genetic modification” mean to you? Do you know of foods that have been genetically modified that are regularly consumed by Americans? If you do not know of any, look one up online. List at least one. Tell us the reason why it was genetically modified.

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Pamela Ronald

Video #2: Pamela Ronald “The case for engineering our food”
Before watching this TED talk by Pamela Ronald:
1. What does “genetic modification” mean to you?
2 Do you know of foods that have been genetically modified that are regularly consumed by Americans? If you do not know of any, look one up online. List at least one. Tell us the reason why it was genetically modified.
3 What are your opinions on genetically modified foods?
After watching this TED talk:
4 How do the scientific experiment(s) described in this talk contribute to advances in our knowledge of biology or what scientific problem are they trying to solve? Do you feel that the experiments described in this talk will help solve these issues, why or why not? Write 3-4 sentences.
5 List at least 3 types of plants that are now being genetically modified for human consumption that you learned about from this talk.
6 Write at least one paragraphs on whether or not this TED talk changed your mind at all about genetically modified food.