What are the pros and cons of a meat-based protein diet vs a plant-based protein diet when it comes to muscle building?

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Conduct a literature review to answer the question posed in Module 1A: Discussion (Question: What are the pros and cons of a meat-based protein diet vs a plant-based protein diet when it comes to muscle building?) Write a 3—4 page paper that summarizes the literature related to your topic and provides evidence-based recommendations. Your paper must be written in APA format and include at least 3 peer-reviewed articles to support your position.

 

Given what you know about early life, why might prokaryotes have had greater flexibility in evolving that eukaryotes?

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This essay will be centered around the evolutionary origins of life on Earth. To accompany our lecture and lab information on the topic, please watch the TED Talk linked below for additional background information on the topic. I need you to listen to this ted talk https://www.ted.com/talks/luka_seamus_wright_the_mysterious_origins_of_life_on_earth?language=en Write two short paragraphs based upon lecture information, information taken from the TED Talk, and information from personal research as it pertains to our discussion of the origins of early life. Paragraph Prompt 1: Given what you know about early life, why might prokaryotes have had greater flexibility in evolving that eukaryotes? How might organic compounds have formed on Earth? How did the early conditions on Earth promotes the steps necessary for life to form? Why were nucleic acids necessary for the evolution of life? What is a protobiont, and how can life arise from abiotic sources? Paragraph Prompt 2: Identify a research article published within the last 10 years that focuses on the evolution of early life on Earth. How is your article related to the information you addressed in your first paragraph?

How can a single fecal accident contaminate an entire pool and cause so many clinical cases of gastrointestinal distress?

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Activity 2 Case Write-Up (Submit by Day 3)
Value: 3% of final grade
During June of 2000, several children in Delaware, Ohio, were hospitalized at Grady Memorial General Hospital (GMH) after experiencing watery diarrhea, abdominal cramps, vomiting, and loss of appetite. Dr. McDermott, a new gastroenterologist at GMH, who also had a strong interest in infectious diseases, was asked to examine the children. Their illness lasted from 1 to 44 days, and nearly half of them complained of intermittent bouts of diarrhea. By July 20, over 150 individuals—mainly children and young adults between the ages of 20 and 40—experienced similar signs or symptoms. Dr. McDermott suspected that their illness was due to a microbial infection and queried the Delaware City County Health Department (DCCHD) to investigate this mysterious outbreak further.
Dr. McDermott helped the DCCHD team in surveying individuals hospitalized for intermittent diarrhea. They questioned individuals about recent travel, their sources of drinking water, visits to pools and lakes, swimming behaviors, contact with sick persons or young animals, and day-care attendance. The DCCHD’s investigation reported that the outbreaks were linked to a swimming pool located at a private club in central Ohio. The swimming pool was closed on July 28. A total of 700 clinical cases among residents of Delaware County and three neighboring counties were identified during the entire span of the outbreak that began late June and continued through September. At least five fecal accidents were observed during that time period at the pool. Only one of these accidents was of diarrheal origin. Outbreaks of gastrointestinal distress associated with recreational water activities have increased in recent years, with most being caused by the organism in this case.
Do you know what microorganism might be the cause of the outbreak? How can a single fecal accident contaminate an entire pool and cause so many clinical cases of gastrointestinal distress?
The purpose of the Case Write Ups is to get you acquainted with and internalize the taught concepts, and be able to apply them in order to solve various cases that medical professionals are faced with on an everyday basis. In addition, these activities will serve as an excellent study guide for your exams. Further details are provided in each research activity.
Each research activity is an individual assignment and no collaboration is allowed among students. Further, you will receive full points for each submitted assignment (Turnitin). As such, you will not receive feedback by your instructor, unless you explicitly request it. However, cheating of any form or plagiarism will result in receiving zero for the corresponding assignment and you must address to the best of your abilities what the research task is asking for. If you submit something irrelevant to the assignment you will receive zero. Quality of your report will be assessed by your instructor.

What is the effect on the CF protein and why?

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1. Cystic Fibrosis is a genetic disease, in which a gene has a mutation.
a. What is the effect on the CF protein and why? CF occurs because of mutations in the gene that makes a protein called CFTR (cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator). A person with CF produces abnormal CFTR protein — or no CFTR protein at all, which causes the body to make thick, sticky mucus instead of the thin, watery kind
b. The CF protein is an ion transporter, important for facilitated diffusion of Cl- ions out of the cell. Where in/on the cell is this located? Can Cl- ions move out of the cell without this protein? Why/why not? (your answer should include something about polar molecules).
c. Based on the answer to (b) above, you would expect the osmotic gradient of these cells to change. What happens to osmosis and why?
d. This leads to very thick mucus in the patient’s lungs. Why?
2. One function of membrane proteins is to function as receptors for extra cellular signals. This function will be highly relevant to many topics in A&P I and II. For example, opioid receptors function in the brain. Referencing the analogy of the “lock and key”, explain the following:
a. What natural substances bind opioid receptors in a normal situation? What is the effect of this on the brain?
b. What happens when heroin binds these opiod receptors in the brain? How is this different than the “normal ligand” for these receptors?
c. What is the effect of Narcan on binding of heroin to opiod receptors? Explain how this makes it possible for Narcan to reverse a heroin overdose.
3. The cell cycle must be tightly regulated and must occur correctly. When problems occur in the cell cycle, abnormal growth can occur. Mutations in specific genes can cause problems in proteins important for cell cycle regulation. BRCA-1 was the first “breast cancer” gene found by researchers and is important for allowing “DNA repair” after replication.
a. In which phase of the cell cycle is BRCA-1 important? Explain your answer.
b. If one copy of the BRCA-1 gene is mutated, why would a patient have an increased risk of cancer?
c. Is BRCA-1 considered a tumor suppressor gene or a proto-oncogene? Explain your answer.
d. Patients with a BRCA-1 mutation may elect to have a double mastectomy and/or a hysterectomy even if there is no evidence of BRCA related cancer in their body. If you had a patient with a BRCA-1 mutation, would you counsel them to have a surgery such as this? Support your answer.
4. Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria occurs when the protein important for stabilizing the nuclear membrane is defective.
a. What do you think would happen to these cells? Why?
b. What problem does the patient have and why?
c. Is this disease passed down directly from parent to child? Support your answer.
This site is worth looking at to help you answer this question. http://www.progeriaresearch.org/about_progeria/

Write at least a 1,050-word lab report following the Lab Report Outline provided. Address all points listed in the outline.

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Please do paper and fill in graph.
Review the Yeast Lab Worksheet. It contains images of four yeast samples that were observed at 0, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours.
Count the number of yeast cultures observed at each interval.
Record the data on the Yeast Lab Spreadsheet and analyze the graphs.
Write at least a 1,050-word lab report following the Lab Report Outline provided. Address all points listed in the outline.

How might each of the following parts of the brain be active while we drive a car?

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Must post first.
How might each of the following parts of the brain be active while we drive a car?

Cerebellum
Corpus Callosum
Reticular Formation
Hypothalamus
Amygdala
Occipital Lobe
Present your discussion in one page. Be imaginative, creative, factual in this substantive post. You are suppose to demonstrate your knowledge of these areas of the Brain and how they would be involved in Driving Behavior.

Predict your findings, by writing hypotheses as statements.

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  1.  Your team will share your research from your logs and REFINE and collaborate to co-construct the first part of the actual report.  The order of the questions in the log will guide you through the structure of the report, although your team may decide on a different approach.  The final information should be reworked so that it is not directly copied from sources and can be read and understood by all.  All information should be cited, and include a reference list. In APA seven style.

NOTE: When writing the scientific names for microorganism for the first time, the full name goes in italics and is underlined e.g. Escherichia coli

Only the first name is capitalised.

When the name is used more than once, it can be shortened to just the first initial capitalised followed by a full stop, and the whole of the second name.  e.g.  E. coli

  1. Once you have collaborated on the background information you need to relate this to the specific purpose of the study, by writing a paragraph such as this at the end: “The purpose of this research is to determine the effectiveness of hand hygiene, in particular by comparing washing hands with soap and water, and using hand sanitising gels”.
  2. As a team, you need to follow this up by justifying the importance of this research.
  3. Finally, predict your findings, by writing hypotheses as statements. E.g. The plates inoculated with hands …… will show …..

 

Compare and contrast how the different techniques of the Five I’s of microbiology would be completed if a patient’s infection was due to a (prokaryotic) bacterial microbe (Staphylococcus aureus) versus a (eukaryotic) protozoa microbe (Malaria).

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Compare and contrast how the different techniques of the Five I’s of microbiology would be completed if a patient’s infection was due to a (prokaryotic) bacterial microbe (Staphylococcus aureus) versus a (eukaryotic) protozoa microbe (Malaria).

How have human activities changed your biome over time?

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Think about the ecological biome where you currently live or grew up. Would you classify it as temperate forest, temperate grassland, or another biome? What are the dominant types of vegetation and animal species that live there? How have human activities changed your biome over time?

What effect does salthave on germination, root and shoot development

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Bio109—General Biology I—Formal Laboratory Report-Bean GerminationGRADING CRITERIAGeneral10 points_____Adheres to prescribed format_____Word processed, double space (except where noted), 1” margins top/bottom, Left/Right_____Paper is stapled or bound in folder _____Correct grammar, spelling and punctuation_____Personal Pronouns not used_____All headings are centered and printed in upper case; follows 2 lines below end of previoussection_____Language appropriate for audience (Bio 109 students)_____Proper APA citations of references_____Present for all lab sessionsTitle/Author10 points_____This section is on a separate cover sheet_____Title conveys thespecificessence of the experiment_____Scientific name of organisms studied(italicized or underlined)_____Specific aspect/parameter(s) of the organism you studied_____The factor tested/manipulatedin the experiment_____Author’s name appears as requested_____Course Title is given below author’s name_____Name of professor (spelled correctly)_____Date is given below professors nameAbstract10 points_____Concise, but comprehensive summary_____Identifies what you did, how you did it, significant results, and conclusions_____Single-spaced; may be numberedIntroduction20 points_____States the hypotheses of the experiment_____Provides background information from references about work already done on this topic, including, butnot limited to.

a.What is a seed

b.Is a seed alive; explain.

c.What factors are needed for germination?

d.What happens during germination?

e.Root/shoot formation

f.What is salt? _____Proper referencing of literature citedMaterials & Methods10 points_____List (single spaced) of materials, specimens, supplies, equipment, facilities, conditions used in theexperiments complete_____Correctunits ofconcentrations of salt solutions, temperatures, etc._____Enough details provided to allow for repeatability

2Results15 points_____Data presented in table and graph(s)_____Located immediately after Materials/Methods; not attached to the back of the paper_____Table and graph(s)are completely and properly labeled_____A detailed narrative of the results is present in addition to anygraphs/tables._____Data is provided for all aspects of the experimentDiscussion20 points_____The original hypothesis isrelated to the data_____Discussion is logical and well organized_____Discussion shows an understanding of the scientific method_____Conclusions are drawn from the data presented in the “Results” section_____Conclusions are supported by (or refuted by) information from references_____Background information in the Introduction is used to discuss the results_____Suggestions for a new hypothesisor modification of this experiment are provided_____Answers to the following questions are integrated into the discussion:

1.What effect does salthave on germination, root and shoot development

.2.What effect does higher salt concentration have on plant cells

3.Are there some salt concentrations that appear to have a detrimental effect and some concentrations seem to foster growth; explain

4.What isa control in this experiment andwhy/how was a control used?

5.Discuss the environmental implications of the data.

6.Terms defined on the pre-lab should be used in the Introduction section and/or the discussion section of the paper