What claim, if any, does Sarah have against Media Productions Limited and Olivia in regard to the decision to cancel the play?

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Assignment Brief :

Assignment 2 : Legal Solutions Case Studies

You have been given the following case studies to review which represent various legal problems.  The areas of law to be considered contain Company Law; Contract Law and Employment Law.  For each case presented you need to apply and justify a legal solution to the problem and where they can obtain legal advice and support.

You now need to file a report to your manager outlining the advice given in relation to these legal problems.

For each case you need to first give a brief introduction and description of the particular branch of law.

CASE STUDY 1:  COMPANY LAW

Ten years ago, a group of friends formed AV Construction Ltd.  Over the years they secured many projects and became a successful building company.  At first they only had a few small projects but as time progressed they found themselves facing progressively larger contracts.  However despite their initial success they started to run into difficulties and felt they were not able to cope with the rapid growth of the company.

Disagreements began particularly in relation to financial issues and they felt that they were no longer functioning professionally as a team.  The finance director in particular felt out of his depth and that he was being left to make all major decisions.

Due to disintergration of communication a number of important creditors had not been paid and some were threatening to recover money from the company by petitioning the court to recoup their money.  The directors of AV Construction called an emergency board meeting to discuss their options.

They have asked you to draw up a report offering a legal solution to their problems

Questions to consider :

  1. Possible solutions, negotiation with creditors
  2. Possible solutions – involve a Mediation service and/other legal advice
  3. If the company cannot be resued, the grounds upon which the company can be wound up. Advise that they do not wish to be compulsory wound up
  4. Advise on other ways such as administration and voluntary liquidation
  5. If the company is to be wound up the order in which creditors of liquidated companies are paid by the liquidator.

CASE STUDY 2 : EMPLOYMENT LAW

Jane Patel was employed by as a Creative Director at Richards and Appleby Architects.  She was a high-flying architect, was formerly employed by British Airways and has a number of prestigious awards to her name.

Prior to taking maternity leave in 2014, Ms Patel enjoyed an equal leadership role to a male colleague. In 2015, whilst on maternity leave, the business was restructured which saw Ms Patel reporting to her former colleague, and receiving less salary and bonus than him. In effect, she had been demoted.

After her maternity leave, Ms Patel sought to address these issues with her employer and agree her return to work date. The company CEO would not engage on an informal basis so Ms Patel brought a grievance, after which she suffered numerous meetings where she was discriminated against and victimised.

Regarding her demotion, Ms Patel was described by the CEO as suffering from “maternity paranoia” and was accused by another senior company member of “trying to be a Supermum”. Both men were condescending and aggressive towards Ms Patel in meetings, which led her to realise that they could not work together.  Her health is deteriorating and she is considering resigning and has come to you for help.

Recommend a legal solution to Ms Patel under Employment Law for her disputes and advise where she can obtain legal advice and support:

Questions to consider

  1. As she is not a member of a trade union, advise Ms Patel on the benefit of using Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) by contacting ACAS. If ADR fails then;
  2. Advise Ms Patel as to whether she has grounds to bring a claim to the Employment Tribunal (ET) of
  3. Sex Discrimination; or
  4. Maternity Discrimination; or
  • Equal Pay; or
  1. All of the above
  2. Could Ms Patel resign and claim constructive dismissal?

CASE STUDY 3 :  CONTRACT LAW

Sarah was a struggling writer who taught some night classes to make ends meet.  One of her students, Alexander, took a shine to her and lent her £5,000 which he had just inherited so she could finish her first novel.  Once she had finished the novel she would then repay the money to Alexander with interest.  The money, however, was not to be repaid for some time and the interest rate was low.

Some time after the night classes had finished Alexander and Sarah began to see much less of each other.  Alexander realized he had perhaps been too generous.

In the meantime, Sarah had been employed by Media Productions Limited to write a screenplay starring famous actress, Olivia, which was to be produced by Media Productions Limited.

Sarah was paid £10,000 up front with a further £15,000 to be paid when the project was completed.  Sarah needed various services to complete the project which she ordered from her usual supplier, Raymond.  He said that these could be supplied within the month.  However Raymond received a rush job from another more important customer and this meant that he did not complete his obligations to Sarah.

While waiting, Olivia had been in a serious car crash which meant she could not appear in the play.  Sarah was then told the script was no longer needed.

Advise the parties concerned and consider the following:

  1. Can Alexander cancel the contract with Sarah and get his £5,000 returned?
  2. Does Sarah have any rights against Raymond?
  3. What claim, if any, does Sarah have against Media Productions Limited and Olivia in regard to the decision to cancel the play?
  4. Where could the parties seek legal advice?

 

If one site gives a brand a higher or lower ranking than the other(s), explain the difference with reference to the differences in the criteria, weightings etc. used by the different sites. Which ranking do you find most defensible, and why?

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This assignment consists of TWO PARTS. You must complete BOTH parts and include them in a SINGLE document.

PART ONE

~ 500 words, weight 5%

Topic: Ethical consumption: comparing products, comparing ratings.

For this part of the assignment, you will explore “civil regulation” of CSR in practice. Your task is to choose two branded products and see how “ethical” they are according to the ratings provided by following sites:

Ethical Shopping Guide https://thegoodshoppingguide.com/

Good on You Ethical ratings on fashion and apparel https://goodonyou.eco/

Shop Ethical https://www.ethical.org.au/theguide/

Choose two items that are each rated by at least 2 of the 3 of the sites. If a product you are considering is not rated by any of the sites or only by one site, choose another product. You should avoid products used as examples when we discussed the rating sites in class (see lecture 13 slides). The assignment will be more relevant and fun if you choose products that you own or have considered buying, but this is not necessary.

Compare how the different sites rate each item. Explain why each item (brand) gets the rating it does in terms of the criteria used by each site. If one site gives a brand a higher or lower ranking than the other(s), explain the difference with reference to the differences in the criteria, weightings etc. used by the different sites. Which ranking do you find most defensible, and why?

To help you think about the practical and conceptual challenges of coming up with a single number that reflects the social responsibility of a firm (or in the case of our assignment, a product or brand), we recommend the following article:

  1. Norman and C. MacDonald. 2004. “Getting to the Bottom of ‘Triple Bottom Line,'” Business Ethics Quarterly 14(2) (April): 243-62.

This section of the assignment does not need to argue a thesis. The grade will be based on how thoughtful, cogent and clearly written it is.

PART TWO

~1500 words, weight 15%

Topic: Law and CSR codes in global supply chains.

In this section you will compare and assess two proposed Canadian laws: Bills C-378 (2011) and C-423 (2018). Both of these proposed laws, which are discussed in lecture 19, are intended to address labour exploitation in the supply chains of Canadian companies. Both were private member’s bills (i.e., introduced by MPs who were not cabinet ministers at the time), and neither bill has been passed into law.

In comparing and assessing these bills, you should consider what the two bills aim to achieve and by what means. The paper should defend a thesis about which (if either, or both) of these proposed laws Canada ought to adopt and why. In doing so, your paper should address the challenges in implementing labour codes through supply chains, the role and limitations of auditing, and the normative arguments for and against rules prohibiting the use of child labour or requiring workers to be paid a “living wage” even if that is higher than the local market wage. You will need to consider how these laws, if enacted, would interact with voluntary codes and multi-stakeholder initiatives driven by “civil regulation” efforts of NGOs and international human rights bodies, and the brand reputation concerns of firms.

The texts of the two bills, and several supplemental sources containing background information and a range of opinions on Bill C-423 are linked below:

BILL C-378 (2011) “An Act to prohibit sweatshop labour goods”

BILL C-423 (2018) An Act respecting the fight against certain forms of modern slavery through the imposition of certain measures and amending the Customs Tariff

Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs and International Development (2018) “A call to action: ending the use of all forms of child labour in supply chains” esp. pp. 23-44

  1. McKay MP (2019) “Creating Canada’s modern slavery bill”

C, Glbert and B Wray (2018) “Modern slavery legislation—Canada may follow the global trend”

  1. Lau (2018) “MPs want to help stop ‘slavery.’ They’ll end up hurting people instead” Financial Post

Emilie de Haas (2019) “Keeping Up with the Times: Why Canada Should Enact a Modern Slavery Act”

Human Rights Watch (2019) “Consensus Starting Points: Framing a Canadian Discussion on Human Rights in the Global Operations and Supply Chains of Canadian Companies”

In addition to the sources linked above, you are expected to make use of any assigned course readings that are relevant to the points you are making. The readings assigned for lectures 15-19 will be most directly applicable. Since Bill C-423 would mainly impose reporting requirements, the concepts from lecture 13 are relevant to Part II as well as Part I of the assignment. Skilfully incorporating concepts from other units of the course (such as those relevant to the first assignment, and on normative CSR debates) is a plus, but avoid padding the paper with irrelevant, tangential, undigested or weakly integrated material.

Grading Rubric
Criteria of Evaluation Needs

work

 Satisfactory Good Excellent N/A
CONTENT          
*Essay answers assignment question          
*Comprehension of relevant theories/concepts from the course; clear understanding of how to use the theories/concepts to analyze/explain your subject          
*Critical thinking about the concepts; some level of abstract thought          
*Development of a coherent argument that supports thesis throughout the essay and is consistent, logical, coherent, and persuasive; argument distinguishes between major and subordinate points          
*Development of comprehensive argument; consideration of strengths and weakness; consideration of and responses to objections or counter-arguments to your position          
*Support argument with relevant evidence from the texts          
THESIS FOCUS          
*Introduction includes a concise, clear statement

that formulates your central argument

          
STRUCTURE          
*Introduction: presents your topic and thesis          
*Body of Essay: coherent organization of ideas; continuity and logical transitions between paragraphs          
*Paragraphs: each paragraph deals with only one idea or point; clear identification of theme of paragraph in a topic sentence; develops evidence to support your argument; links to the thesis          
GRAMMAR, STYLE, MECHANICS          
*Clarity and readability; concision (avoiding clutter)          
*Spelling, punctuation, proper referencing, proofreading          
OVERALL COMMENTS:
GRADE:          

 

Identify and analyze the nature of international markets and the forces and drivers that interface with the development and implementation of international business strategy.

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Learning Outcomes (LO):
-Identify and analyze the nature of international markets and the forces and drivers that interface with the development and implementation of international business strategy.
-Demonstrate a critical understanding of both current and extant theories and concepts of strategy formulation and development in the international environment
-Critically evaluate the formulation of business strategies in response to the challenges of internationalization and how they reflect changes in both the domestic and international business environments.

Prepare 3300word report by answering the following questions. Q1 and2 addresses LO1, Q 3-5 addresses LO2 and Q 6-7 addresses LO3.
Watch the Amazon video and answer the below questions

1. How does the company respond to the changes in socio-economic and political landscape? Justify your answer with examples.10 marks
2. Elaborate on the positive and negative effects of Amazon on economic development. 10 marks
3. What global strategies have the company adopted to extend the long- term success of the company.10 marks
4. How does a global value chain analysis of the company strengthen its competitive advantage?15 marks
5. Does the company reap any benefits from Global Partner Network and how sustainable are they?15 marks
6. How does the company formulate their business strategies in response to the challenges of internationalization?15 marks
7. Will an impending Brexit affect the company you chose in terms of Operations and Overall profitability. What is the role of international organizations in ensuring smooth international trade?15 marks

Reading list
Core module book:
Dicken, P. (2014) Global Shift: Mapping the changing contours of the world economy. 7th Edition. SAGE: Los Angeles.
Other reading list:
Coe, N., Dicken, P. and Hess, M. (2008) Global Production Networks: Realizing the Potential, Journal of Economic Geography, 8 (3), 271-295.
Coe, N. and Yeung, H-W-C. (2015) Global production networks: theorizing economic development in an interconnected world. Oxford University Press: Oxford.
Forsgren, Mats (2013) Theories of the multinational firm: A multidimensional creature in the global economy (2nd ed.). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
Gereffi, G., Humphrey, J. and Sturgeon, T. (2005) The Governance of Global Value Chains, Review of International Political Economy, 12 (1), 78-104.
Nadvi, K. (2008) Global Standards, Global Governance and the Organization of Global Value Chains, Journal of Economic Geography, 8 (3), 323-343.
Sinkovics, R., Yamin, M., Nadvi, K. and Zhang, Y.Z (2014) Rising powers from emerging markets – The changing face of international business, International Business Review, 23:675-679

Examine specific situations in your business case, where various managerial skills and leadership qualities (or lack of them) were demonstrated by company’s top managers.

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Purpose of this assessment
This assignment is designed to assess the learner’s knowledge of the principles of management and operations, enabling them to identify and use fundamental tools and concepts that incentivise leadership, managerial and operational improvements within organizations, in order to reap business benefits.

 

Task 1 Scenario
You are a student and as a part of course requirements, you have to produce a report, where you are required to analyze the business case of General Electric (GE). The purpose of the report is to differentiate between a role of a leader and the function of a manager, and to apply the role of a leader in different management contexts.

General Electric is one of the most prominent organizations in the USA and it was one of the 12 original companies to be registered as a public corporation. Throughout its 100 years of history, GE has gone through significant market, competitive and structural changes, and has been renowned for its strong culture of shaping leaders from within. Henry Lawrence Culp Jr. is the CEO of General Electric since 2018, and the first-outsider to run GE in history.
Task 1
This report should include the following sections:

1.       Examine specific situations in your business case, where various managerial skills and leadership qualities (or lack of them) were demonstrated by company’s top managers.  Your analysis should focus on the actions and achievements of Jack Welch, his successor – Jeff Immelt and the current GE CEO – Henry Lawrence Culp Jr.

 

2.      You should identify and analyze particular strengths and weaknesses of the respective leaders in various situations, link specific manager/leader’s actions to different theories and models of approach, including situational leadership, systems leadership, and contingency.

Critically analyze at least two of these theories.

 

 
Submission Format
The submission format is of a business report of 2,000 words (excluding table of contents, introduction and conclusion and appendices). You will not be penalized for exceeding this number.

 

Explain why a Poisson distribution is appropriate in this case and advise Eco-Fone if quality procedures have been met. Show all your workings.

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The company Eco-Fone Smartphones sells smartphones and accessories from two shops, one in Putney and one in Richmond. Eco-Fone does not currently sell laptops or tablets.

Business has fared well since it set up the shops in 2014. Indeed, it has seen a steady increase in net profits every year since start up. Recently it has noticed various trends among their customers.

One trend seems to be an increase in sales among older customers, some of whom are buying a smartphone for the first time. Another seems to be a possible significant difference in net takings from the two shops.

Accordingly, as a work placement from the University of Roehampton, you have been set a number of tasks, the results of which should be presented in report format for Eco-Fone (word length 2000, excluding graphs/figures/references) and written in English.

These tasks are detailed in the following pages and generally concern:

  • Summary information
  • Product information
  • Customer information
  • Financial Information
  • Recommendations for expansion

Your report should not be a simple list of tasks. Rather, it should read as a professional business report with an introduction, sections, summary, references and appendices, in Word format.

All tasks are worth ten marks each.

Task 1

(a)   You have been asked to write a brief overview of the mobile phone market in the UK. Specifically, Eco-Fone would like to know summary statistics with respect to work-related activities in the period 2016-17.

Prepare your one-paragraph overview based on information from Deloitte which can be found on page 19 and data in figure 6, page 20 at:

https://www.deloitte.co.uk/mobileuk2017/assets/img/download/global-mobile-consumer-survey-2017_uk-cut.pdf

and on Moodle.

Note that you should not copy verbatim the information contained in the Deloitte report.

(b) Based on the most recent data in Figure 6, include in your report your own mixed bar chart for 2016 (green) and 2017 (blue) for only the top FOUR activities. Include the data used in your appendix.

Task 2

Using an EXCEL spreadsheet, produce an appropriate line chart based on data contained in figure 3, page 13 of the Deloitte Report to represent the UK adult smartphone use in the period 2012-2017. Use your line chart to forecast similar use in 2018 and 2019. Show your workings.

Explain briefly why a linear forecast would not work well in this case.

Which forecast model would work well? Show the new model and use it to  forecast smartphone use in 2018 and 2019.

(You must show how you get the forecasts for 2018 and 2019 and include the data used to generate the charts in your appendix )

Task 3

Having gained a better understanding of the smartphone market, you decide to start analysing a perceived increase in smartphone sales by older customers based on a BBC news article available at:

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-41319684

Identify and summarize some of the features which make smartphones so popular with older customers.

Task 4

Currently, all of Eco-Fone’s operations are carried out at the two shops in the Borough of Richmond. The business has never operated across the border in Kingston but anecdotal evidence suggests that business is thriving. In order to initially answer Eco-Fone’s question “Should we expand our business to Kingston”, you have decided to use a ‘pros and cons method’ table (see figure T4). Complete the table and briefly summarize whether or not Eco Fone should expand its business to Kingston.

Figure T4.   A ‘pros and cons method’ table for expanding to Kingston.

Task 5

If Eco-Fone does decide to expand, extended operations will require improved facilities and, as it happens, highly-suitable new premises for retail use are available in central Kingston. The new building is available for lease or sale but Eco-Fone already owns (subject to repayment mortgage) the two Borough of Richmond shops and prefers to own rather than lease. The asking price for the new building is £400,000 but this might be negotiable closer to £350,000.

  1. a) Calculate the monthly cost of a 15-year repayment mortgage of £350,000, where interest is applied to the loan outstanding at the beginning of each year and the mortgage rate is 7% per annum. Show your Excel formula in your report Appendix.
  2. b) Represent an appropriate graphic containing any of the eight logos of well-known commercial mortgage lenders in the UK.

Task 6

Eco-Fone’s two retail shops offer discounted mobile phones and accessories. Both shops have been running for several months and Eco-Fone now wants to compare the net taking from both shops. A sample of 40 net daily takings from the first shop has a mean £100 and a standard deviation of £20. A sample of 40 net daily takings from the second shop has a mean of £90 and a standard deviation of £40.

Are the two shops’ net takings the same? Using the 5% level of significance, explain your findings.

Task 7

Each year Eco-Fone has regularly processed customer questionnaires in the form of hard-copy forms filled out both in the shops and as email attachments. The typical format of the questionnaire is shown in figure T7a.

Figure T7a.   Questionnaire

The latest results from these questionnaires are contained in the file Excel File Task 7 ( on Moodle) .

Use Excel to calculate average values for questions 1-6 and briefly summarise your findings in your report.

Task 8

The accounts department at Eco-Fone sends out about 10,000 invoices a month and has an average of two returned with an error per month? Quality assurance procedures require that the probability that more than three invoices will be returned in a given month should be less than fifteen per cent.

Explain why a Poisson distribution is appropriate in this case and advise Eco-Fone if quality procedures have been met. Show all your workings.

Task 9

Prepare a list of ten to fifteen references that you have used as sources for your report, all in Harvard format. Your list should include at least one text book, website, video, news article, journal and each one should be cited at least once in the body of your report.

Task 10

Based on all the data you have considered in Tasks 1-9, summarize in just one or two paragraphs your most important findings. Also, check the overall structure and presentation of your report (see the Brief in Moodle for more details).

Provide information about how integrated these two countries (Argentina and El Salvador) are with the rest of the world.

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INTERNATIONAL TRADE ASSIGNMENT 1 SEMESTER 1, 2020

I. INTRODUCTION Assume that you are an economic consultant hired by an international organization/government to provide your expert advice on conditions pertaining to international trade in Argentina and El Salvador. Your analysis will consist of two separate reports (one for Assignment 1 and the other for Assignment 2). As an expert, your job is two-fold:

1. You are required to analyze any relevant issue using your technical skills. This involves utilizing your knowledge in international trade models as well as inspecting and interpreting data.

2. You need to communicate your results in an effective way. The purpose of this exercise is to assess your aptitudes in each domain. You will evaluate the trading conditions in these countries (Argentina and El Salvador) based on the scenarios detailed in each question in this Assignment. Your analysis will form the basis for a short report to the international organization/government body–summarizing your analysis and the associated rationale.
II. DATA SOURCE For your data analysis, you first need to obtain data from the World Bank (see the link below) and follow the steps described below. Notice that World Bank regularly updates its database; therefore it is crucial to obtain all data as soon as possible. The data range is from 1998 to 2014. You need to obtain the country-level data for Argentina and El Salvador on:

i. Imports of goods and services (in current US$)

ii. Exports of goods and services (in current US$)

iii. GDP (in current US$)

iv. GDP per capita (in current US$) v. GINI Index (World Bank estimate) from the World Bank’s World Development Indicators: (http://databank.worldbank.org/data/reports.aspx?source=world-development-indicators). [Note that if your browser (such as Chrome) does not open the web page, try a different browser (such as Internet Explorer)] DO NOT attach Excel files to the brief. The policy brief needs to be precise and short. Avoid unnecessary jargon. Your policy brief cannot exceed two pages.
International Trade Assignment 1, Semester 1, 2020 Page 2

III. REQUIRED TASKS Your tasks involve two dimensions. Firstly, you need to analyze the data (see Steps 1, 2 and 3 in the next section). Secondly, you need to perform a technical analysis by considering a hypothetical trading environment based on Ricardian model (see Step 4 in the next section).

Accordingly, you are required to:

 Provide information about how integrated these two countries (Argentina and El Salvador) are with the rest of the world. To do so, you need to look at their trade flows relative to their GDP and calculate openness.

 Provide a visual representation of your findings by plotting a graph (use line graph) that shows the change in openness for these countries over the period between 1998 and 2014 (including all years, i.e., 1998, 1999, …, 2014).

 Establish whether being integrated with the rest of the world helped these two countries by looking at the correlation between their openness and GDP per capita.

 Conjecture what would have happened if these countries were not open to trade with the rest of the world by evaluating a hypothetical scenario based on a simple Ricardian model.
IV. REQUIRED STEPS TO COMPLETE EACH TASK
DATA ANALYSIS For data analysis, you need to follow Steps 1, 2 and 3 given below. Step 1. Using trade flows in your data, calculate openness as a percentage for Argentina and El Salvador and present them for each year for both countries as a table. You need to explain your method, namely, how you calculated openness using trade flows (write down the formula). In addition, you need to state what other alternative ways you could have adopted to calculate openness other than using trade flows. Step 2. Using the calculations you did for openness in Step 1, plot openness (as a percentage) against time (1998-2014) for both countries (Argentina and El Salvador) in a single graph (as a chart type: you are required to use line graph). Put openness (as a percentage) on the vertical axis and time on the horizontal axis. Explain and compare briefly how openness changes for these countries over time. Make sure you limit your explanation to 200 words. Step 3. Explain in up to 200 words the relationship between openness and economic development by calculating the correlation coefficient between GDP per capita
International Trade Assignment 1, Semester 1, 2020 Page 3

(proxy for economic development) and openness for each of the two countries, respectively. [Here you have to use the CORREL command in Excel]. DO NOT ATTACH YOUR DATA.
TECHNICAL ANALYSIS For technical analysis, you need to follow Step 4. Step 4. In order to conjecture the circumstances in these two countries under autarky (when there is no trade), consider the following hypothetical scenario based on Ricardian model. Assume throughout that those two countries (Argentina and El Salvador) are the only two countries in the world, at least for purposes of trade. There are two goods: Hammers and Widgets. Consumers in both countries always spend half of their income on Hammers and half of their income on Widgets. The only factor of production is labour. Each Argentinian worker can produce 4 Hammers or 2 Widget per unit of time. Each El Salvadoran worker can produce 2 Hammers or 2 Widgets per unit of time. There are 50 workers in Argentina and 75 workers in El Salvador. You need to provide conditions in each country by stating:

a) Which country has an absolute advantage in Hammer? In Widget?

b) Which country has a comparative advantage in Hammer? In Widget?

c) Draw the production possibility frontier for each country and indicate slope (put Hammer on the vertical axis and Widget on the horizontal axis).

d) Find the autarky relative price of Widgets in both countries (i.e., the price of Widgets divided by the price of Hammers).

e) What is the optimal consumption and production for each country under autarky?
V. PRESENTATION OF RESULTS You need to provide a brief in order to effectively communicate your findings. In your brief, you must have the following ingredients:  Micro-credential: Include the URL link that verifies that you successfully completed the “Fact Check” micro-credential.  Headline: One possible example is: “A Simple Analysis of Openness for Argentina and El Salvador: Part I”  Data Analysis: In this section, you need to present your data analysis based on your findings in Steps 1, 2 and 3.  Technical Analysis: In this section, you need to communicate your technical results based on your findings in Step 4.

Analyze the media landscape of your chosen market in relation to your two profiles from the preceding task – what media are available, what sort of reach and influence do these have on your profiles?

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Digital Marketing, Branding and Strategy – Summative Assessment.

Overview:

You are to take the role of a brand consultant and develop a corporate brand revitalization strategy and a communication plan to generate better engagement around a corporate brand of your choosing (this could be the organization you work for). Your strategy for revitalizing the brand image will serve as a springboard for converting the engagement into new customers and more revenue, as well as retaining and building loyalty with existing customers

Requirement:

Focusing on the market of one country or region (UK, UAE, North America, Singapore-Malaysia), you are expected to develop a corporate brand revitalization strategy including a communications plan to generate engagement around the brand. As part of this, the following are required:

  1. An executive summary of no more than 200 words.
  2. An introduction to the report specifying the chosen corporate brand, its business, the chosen country/region and a summary of key proposals made within the report.
  3. A situation analysis of the relevant industry/sector in the chosen country region (clearly identify this in the introduction) from macro and micro perspectives. This should result in the identification of key strategic issues with respect to the problems described in the background.
  4. Conduct a brand audit and develop a conceptual map for the brand (based on secondary research) – explain the key perceptions and associations of the brand and evaluate these critically (e.g. strength vs. weakness?).
  5. Identify and describe the characteristics of the brand’s main current customers. Further, develop two profiles (personas) of potential target audiences (i.e. a group of people who are likely to be future customers), so that they can be targeted through a subsequent communications campaign.
  6. Analyze the media landscape of your chosen market in relation to your two profiles from the preceding task – what media are available, what sort of reach and influence do these have on your profiles? Discuss specific media that are of relevance (e.g. Instagram, radio channels, specific trade magazines) instead of grouping them together (e.g. social media).
  7. Propose a detailed communications strategy (start by specifying a set of objectives) on how you intend to engage these two targeted audiences with a view to ultimately recruiting them as customers/clients. Using the knowledge of your target audiences, their profiles, and your analysis of the media landscape, create a customer journey map for each profile to summarize and present your communications strategy – this will show what type of message, method, medium you will utilize to engage the audience (potential customers) at each relevant touch-point.
  8. Provide a summary of what relevant metrics and performance evaluation mechanisms you will incorporate into your communications strategy – you may use an augmented version of the customer journey map from the previous task to achieve this.
Section Titles   Marks
1. Executive Summary 5
2. Introduction 10
3. Situation Analysis 15
4. Brand Audit & Conceptual Map 15
5. Customer Segmentation 15
6. Analysis of Media Landscape 15
7. Your Proposed Communication Strategy 20
8. Summary 5
Appendix
100

 

Additional Guidance Notes

  • Treat this as a business report, and therefore whilst addressing all the requirements above, sections need to be succinct and impactful. Use well-structured paragraphs and include headings and sub-headings. Ensure that the sections are well linked to each other. Keep to the word limit of 4,000 words.
  • Consider the impact on the reader, please use creative/visual techniques to make and strengthen your arguments – e.g. infographics, graphs/charts, and mock-ups of social media pages or webpages.
  • You can use appendices if you wish, for supplementary information to the main contents of your report; e.g. to show how a new and innovative marketing technique has been effectively used for another campaign – a point which you have made in the main body of the report but would like to supplement with the contents in the appendix. However, please do so judiciously, and bear in mind that the marker has no obligation to award marks for your appendices. In other words, there is no benefit in having several pages of appendices because marks are, strictly speaking, awarded only for the contents of the main report.
  • Good use of references is welcome, including academic articles, market research reports, and credible web-sources (referenced according to the university’s referencing guidelines). Use these to add credence to your arguments, to support your points, or illustrate your understanding of techniques, theories etc. However, there is no benefit in simply stacking-up references to support obvious points, or basic theories (e.g. 4Ps, Segmentation criteria etc.).
  • As this is a business report, lengthy descriptions of basic theory do not add value. So, please use only brief descriptions, if needed. If you use an advanced theoretical approach (e.g. a framework proposed in a recent journal article) or refer to something very technical (e.g. DMP – Data Management Platform), then it might be worth providing a description or explanation for the benefit of the reader.

Marking Guide:

>80: Excellent evidence of selection and application of appropriate theoretical concepts and frameworks, and their application to context of identified problem exceeding expectations. A comprehensive review of all critical elements related to the case is adopted throughout, integrating secondary research to a commendable extent. A robust submission in terms of support for arguments but additional advanced features showing clear link between how application of theories may be used to develop objectives and strategy to tackle a clearly identified business problem. Evidence of excellent appreciation of interrelationships between different aspects of a brand strategy and therefore application. The proposal is highly developed and meets industrial standards as well as academic.

70-79: Very good evidence of application of appropriate theoretical concepts and frameworks to context of identified problem meeting all expectations. A very good review of all critical elements related to the case is adopted throughout, and a high level of secondary research input is evident. A fairly robust submission in terms of support for arguments some evident links between how application of theories may be used to develop objectives and strategy to tackle a clearly identified business problem. Evidence of very good appreciation of interrelationships between different aspects of a brand strategy and therefore application. The proposal is highly developed and meets academic standards.

60-69: Adequate identification and application of theoretical concepts and frameworks to context of identified problem, but somewhat lacking in integration, consistency and flow. Some evidence of use of secondary data sources and good effort made in terms of applying these to the context or identified problem. However, the depth of analysis is not maintained throughout the application and a descriptive style may have been adopted in places. Proposal of communications strategy is good but in places good be further developed.

50-59: Basic application of theoretical concepts and frameworks to the case with descriptive construction of discussion rather than evaluative. Lacking in consistency, flow or clarity and effort to link various aspects of the strategy together. Research input is lacking or weakly integrated into the discussion and the proposals made are lacking in relevance, suitability, or practicality.

40>49: Very basic application of theoretical concepts and frameworks to the case with largely descriptive construction of discussion, lacking in evaluative elements. Poor in consistency, flow or clarity and effort to link various aspects of the strategy together. Research input is minimal or poorly integrated into the discussion and the proposals made are poor in terms of relevance, suitability, or practicality. Very weak construction of discussions throughout the assignment and poor appreciation for the requirements set-out in the brief in terms of the research problem. Descriptive or generic application of concepts and ides within the proposed strategy. Secondary research input and integration could be much improved.

<40: Little or no application of theoretical concepts and frameworks to the case with descriptive construction of discussion. No evaluative elements and poor in consistency, flow or clarity. Minimal effort to link various aspects of the strategy together. Research input is irrelevant of inadequate; not integrated into the discussion and the proposals made are very poor in terms of relevance, suitability, and practicality. Extremely weak construction of discussions throughout the assignment and little appreciation for the requirements set-out in the brief in terms of the research problem. Highly descriptive or generic discussions of concepts and ideas within the proposed strategy, if at all. Secondary research input and integration inadequate or irrelevant.

 

Analyze and explain whether the Delaware restriction on the sale of Shine It violates the Interstate Commerce Clause.

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Read in Content, the module, “Policies: Learning Activities for guidance on preparing outstanding Learning Activities.

Writing Policies for Learning Activities and Discussions:

Writing is a competency of The Undergraduate School.  You are expected to demonstrate writing skills following these guidelines:

  • Write in the third person, never the first person,
  • Use complete sentences that are error-free, clear, and complete,
  • Use paragraph format, unless otherwise instructed,
  • Write as if the reader is an “alien being” with no knowledge of the concepts/issues,
  • Write in a detailed, specific, comprehensive way to explain each point clearly,
  • Support all conclusions, opinions, and reasoning with explanation and in-text cite(s), and
  • Do not use direct quotes; paraphrase ideas and information and cite to a resource, and
  • Never use contractions or informal slang expressions.

General Instructions for Learning Activities   

  • Read/watch all assigned materials listed for the week in Overview above
  • Cite to assigned materials in all responses in Learning Activities
  • Use only assigned materials to complete Learning Activities; do not use the internet unless otherwise instructed
  • Include in-text citations and a Reference List for in-text citations
  • Write in correct, complete sentences, in paragraph format unless otherwise instructed
  • Submit Learning Activities to Assignment Folder

Review Content modules:

  • Writing Introductory Sentences and Paragraphs
  • Writing Concluding Paragraphs
  • How to Support Arguments and Positions

Tips for Formatting and Structuring Analysis:

  • Write in complete sentences in paragraph format.
  • Use in-text citations citing to relevant assignment materials.
  • Double space; 12-point Arial or Times Roman font.
  • Introductory Sentence:  Begin with an introductory sentence or very brief paragraph that states your conclusion to the questions asked.
  • Concluding Sentence: End the discussion with a concluding sentence or a very brief paragraph that summarizes your conclusion/what you discussed.
  • Support Arguments and Positions:   Please refer to the module in Content, “How to Support Arguments and Positions”.

Background Facts You Need To Know: TLG has a new client, Clean-n-Shine (Clean), a commercial cleaning company incorporated and located in Maryland, but doing business in all Mid-Atlantic states. Clean uses its own line of cleaning products and also sells its products to other businesses via the internet.

Recently, the Delaware legislature enacted a law banning all sales and importation, until further notice, of Clean’s Shine It floor cleaner in Delaware.  It was discovered that one of the ingredients in Shine It, derived from corn, is contaminated and causes a quick-growing mold to spread on surfaces to which it is applied. The mold can be toxic to humans and can cause damage to floors.

Clean wants to expand its product line to sell Shine-It in Delaware.  If Clean can sell Shine-it in Delaware, it will increase its income and profits.  Clean, therefore, wants to challenge the new law as unconstitutional, and it has consulted TLG for advice.

Winnie and Ralph ask you to prepare a summary report of relevant constitutional law for a meeting with them and Clean’s owners.

Instructions

Report You Need to  Prepare: Prepare a report that addresses the following three questions:

  1. Analyze and explain whether the Delaware restriction on the sale of Shine It violates the Interstate Commerce Clause.

Fully explain your conclusions based on constitutional law.

  1. Analyze whether the doctrine of “police powers” derived from the 10th Amendment of the U.S. Constitution, applies to the Delaware law, and if so, why.

Fully explain your conclusions based on constitutional law

  1. Discuss why it is important for businesses to understand the impact of the Interstate Commerce Clause and state police powers.

Major Concepts: NO EXTERNAL SOURCES WILL BE USED ONLY CLASS RESOURCES.

Saylor:  Government Regulation and the Legal Environment of Business e-textbook:

Civil v. Criminal Law

APA General Citation Rule for In-text Citations: When there is no author given for a book, use the title of the book and the publication date.

The title of the book should be in italics; the publisher and publication date are not in italics.

How to cite a Saylor e-textbook or any e-textbook in an intext citation:

(Government Regulation and the Legal Environment of Business, 2012)

How to cite an e-textbook in the listing of References:

References

Government Regulation and the Legal Environment of Business (2012).  Saylor Academy.

Constitutional Power of Governments: 

The U.S. Constitution

Police Powers: 

Jurisdiction of Courts:

Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR): 

Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR)

What if companies could measure how many products, they have sold based on how much investment they have made on social media?

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FINAL ARTICLE PROPOSAL: MEASURING ROI ON SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING 1
Measuring ROI on Social Media Marketing
Yasene Jesernik
Horizons University

FINAL ARTICLE PROPOSAL: MEASURING ROI ON SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING 2
Measuring ROI on Social Media Marketing
Social media platforms have impacted marketing in various ways. There is a lot of
competition from multiple marketers using different forms of social media. To find out the
effectiveness of social media, marketers should assess the ROI of social media used in
marketing. ROI is an acronym that stands for return on investment. It, therefore, shows the
return that an individual expects after investing various resources using social media to
achieve customer satisfaction, brand awareness, and increased revenues. Various
organizations engage in the activity of measuring their return on investment to secure their
budget. It also helps these organizations to find out if their social media practices are
effective or not. It also enables an organization to understand its audience better.
Finance uses the following formula to calculate ROI, ROI = (benefits from an
investment – the amount invested)/amount invested (Cronin, 2014). Although this formula
helps to calculate the ROI in finance, there are differences when calculating social media
ROI. The differences occur due to the use of different metrics of measurement. For example,
an organization can use the level it has reached its target audience in measuring its return on
investment. It may be challenging to use profit in such a scenario and therefore requires other
strategies of measurement. When one is not sure of the metrics to use for analysis, it is
necessary to find out what happened when you launched a specific campaign in the market.
To effectively measure social media ROI, there are various essential steps that any
marketing organization or individual must look into. The first step involves setting clear
objectives. Some of the objectives should be based on aspects such as experiences with
customers, level of brand awareness, and how to mitigate issues of security in case they arise
(Buhalis & Mamalakis, 2015). Social media marketing objectives must be in line with the
goals of various departments in an organization. Although social media can create brand
FINAL ARTICLE PROPOSAL: MEASURING ROI ON SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING 3
awareness, it may not always be sufficient. For this reason, it is essential to have clear
objectives.
The second step is to set goals and show how and when the organization will achieve
those goals. It would be appropriate to use the SMART strategy to set goals. An example of a
smart goal in social media is to increase the online response time by 15 minutes at the end of
the first year of operation. The third step would be keeping track of the performance metrics
(Michopoulou & Moisa, 2019). It is necessary to have the parameters that one will use in
measuring social media ROI. Follow up on the set metrics and find out if they are on the right
track of performance or if there is something that may require a change. The last step is to
find out the cost that one will incur while using social media. To find out the cost, an
individual or organization should look at the cost of tools, the budget set aside, the cost of
creating specific content, and the time employees take while on social media.
While measuring ROI for social media marketing, it is also critical to look at the
various tools. Some of the tools include the calculator, which helps one in calculating the
return on social media investment. Other essential tools include the Google Analytics tool,
Facebook pixel, and UTM parameters. When reporting ROI on social media, one should use
templates that have a plain language with a specific time frame for reporting.
What KPIs are you most interested in researching?
While the benefits of using Social media in consumer engagement have been established at
face value, there still exists a gap when it comes to measuring the impact or results of engaging
with consumers through social media (Aluri, Slevitch & Larzelere, 2015; Gill, Sridhar &
Grewal, 2017). This point is where the concept of Return on Engagement (ROE) comes in.
There has been comprehensive research on the usage of social media from a business
perspective, research efforts on return on investment have not fully taken off since measuring
FINAL ARTICLE PROPOSAL: MEASURING ROI ON SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING 4
the Return of Engagement is a new concept for social media marketing and is being fronted as
the ideal performance metric that could measure positive results of consumer interaction
through social media. As such the KPI’s that I am interested in researching are:
a. Engagement rate by reach (ERR) = total engagements per post / reach per
post * 100
b. Engagement rate by posts (ER post) = Total engagements on a post / Total
follower *100
c. Engagement rate by impressions (ER impressions) = Total engagements on
a post / Total impression *100
d. Daily engagement rate (Daily ER) Daily ER = Total engagements in a day /
Total follower *100
e. Engagement rate by views (ER views) = Total engagements on video post /
Total video views *100
f. Factored Engagement Rate = Comment-weighted ER = (Total comments x 2)
+ all other engagements / Reach per post *100
What is it you want to know about KPIs with regard to a particular industry, product,
demographic group, type of marketing message, etc.?
Social Media Marketing is present in all aspects of our lives. As managers are utilizing more
social networks and blogs as part of the company’s marketing communications. As such, it is
clear that companies would like to know if their Investments in Social Media marketing are
yielding positive results. Therefore, when calculating the Return on Investment, a company
has to consider all possible ways that the social media may benefit it (Miller, 2015-2016). The
ROI therefore indicates how many euros profit will jump out on a Euro capital investment.
FINAL ARTICLE PROPOSAL: MEASURING ROI ON SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING 5
However, there’s no standard metric for calculating “Investment Engagement Sale”. Current
metrics do not take frequent fluctuation of likes, shares, comments, views and other
inconsistency in factor. Social media is a fast-paced environment where users have the
opportunity to change their opinions within seconds. As such, it is currently difficult for
companies to use current methods and metrics to measure the ROE as current ROE formulas
do not take the above factors into enough consideration.
What if there was one formula that companies could use to calculate the investment
engagement on product. What if companies could measure how many products, they have sold
based on how much investment they have made on social media? Can you give me an idea of
what your overall research question will be? Finish the following sentence, then write a
paragraph or about proposed methodology. How will you collect data in order to answer the
question?
“The purpose of this study will be to create an effective way of measuring social media
performance as social ROE (return on engagement) or optimizing the current
measurement of social media performance as social ROE (return on engagement)”.
In 2017, Influencer Marketing dominated the marketing industry, reaching beyond
even distribution in daily and business media. Not everyone is convinced about the “Power of
Influencers”. While half of the marketing executives consider Instagrammer, Youtuber and
Blogger as the new brand ambassadors, the other half doubt the measurability of the results.
And not altogether wrongly: Especially in the transparency of the costs and in the success
control generally valid industry standards are missing. Many ponder: “What metrics are
employed, and which are relevant?”
The use of fake followers and bots is in order to attain more engagement, clicks and
conversions is currently seen and displayed as a huge problem in the social media marketing
industry. The usage of using fake followers and bots has grown. Ninety four percent (94%)
FINAL ARTICLE PROPOSAL: MEASURING ROI ON SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING 6
of marketers currently believe that in future transparency and authenticity will be the key to
the success of the influencer. Nonetheless, because of this manipulation in the social media
marketing industry, the FTC guidelines call for a more transparent cooperation between
influencers and brands and, for example, the labeling of sponsored news in the social
networks. According to a report by the search engine Influencer DB, On Instagram alone are
currently on more than 558,000 influencers, who have more than 15,000 followers. Eighty
one percent (81%) of all influencers are so-called micro-influencers with 15,000 to 100,000
followers and influencers with more than five million followers make up one percent (1%) of
all influence users on the net.
The revenue potential for companies that focus on influencer marketing is huge. For
example, 22 percent of 18- to 34-year-olds made a purchase after seeing an online influencer
associated with a particular product. And half of the 25- to 34-year-old users from a survey of
1,200 consumers who viewed influencer content or who communicated with influencers via
Facebook, Twitter, YouTube and / or Instagram believe that influencer communication is
authentic and genuine is (Source: Marketingcharts.com 2018).
In a competitive world, every company wants to be number one or among the top ten.
Therefore, it was only a matter of time that companies discovered Social media platforms and
influencer marketing for themselves. It’s time-consuming and labor-intensive to build quality
reach on social media channels. Those who want to assert themselves on the platforms need a
lot of dedication and patience to win a solid number of followers for their own appearances.
However, there are many companies that want their brand and image to be dominated and
presented everywhere. Some of these companies therefore utilize services from other
companies that specialize in growing Social media pages of companies. No patience? No
problem! You can finally buy followers. That’s easy. The network is teeming with offers:
1000 Followers on Instagram are already available for less than ten euros. But beware: A
FINAL ARTICLE PROPOSAL: MEASURING ROI ON SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING 7
purchase would be the quick way, but not the right one. Because such a procedure has for all
parties involved – influencers, advertisers, social media platforms – in the long term only
disadvantages.
When compiling this Dissertation Topic, I could not find any Literature, Research or
study that measured the metrics of bought social media services such as likes, comments and
followers and the effects that such services have on a business, a celebrity or an average
person. It does not mean that because something is ineffective for Businesses that it has to be
ineffective for other organizations or individuals. In order to truly measure the return of
investment in social media marketing, all areas and entities of social media must be taken into
consideration. It is argued that fake followers sell nothing but an empty promise. And as such
companies are advised to invest in quality over quantity. However, if we take in
consideration the latest controversy in the United States Presidential Election with regards to
fake news. From a scientific perspective, one could argue that widespread fake news on
various social media platforms played a vital role in the influencing of voters. Thus, in the
election of a President of the most powerful country in the world. Therefore, this research
will tackle and find metrics to measure the ROI for Social media Marketing as it relates to
organic and bought services. As such, I will dedicate my research not only to explore the
relevance of return on investment as a social media engagement metric but also to develop a
Formula that will calculate the ROI for bought social media services.
How will I collect data in order to answer the questions?
There are four major classifications of research designs. These include observational
research, correlational research, true experiments, and quasi-experiments. Each of these will
be discussed further below.
FINAL ARTICLE PROPOSAL: MEASURING ROI ON SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING 8
Observational research: Often times, the studies are qualitative in nature. My Social Media case study will
entail extensive notes based on observations of and interviews with various Social Media
Stakeholders such as: Influences, Customers, Marketers etc. A detailed report with analysis
will be written and reported constituting the study of my individual case. These studies
may also be qualitative in nature or include qualitative components in the research.
True Experiments A true experiment is defined as an experiment conducted where an effort is made to
impose control over all other variables except the one under study. To understand the nature
of the experiment, I must first define a few terms:
1. Experimental or treatment group – this is the group is comprises organic social media
users e.g. users that freely follow, like and share posts and information on social media.
that receives the case studies that are different from the control group: Bought Social
Media Services e.g. both followers, fans & likes on the variable under study.
2. Control group: Bought Social Media Services – this group is used to produce
comparisons. The treatment of interest is deliberately withheld or manipulated to provide
a baseline performance with which to compare the experimental or treatment group’s
performance.
3. Independent variable – this is the variable that the I will use to manipulate the study. It can
be any aspect of the environment that is empirically investigated e.g. buying social media
services, for the purpose of examining its influence on the dependent variable.
4. Dependent variable – In comparison to the Independent variable, I will not does not
control this variable.
5. Random assignment – in a study, each subject has an equal probability of being selected
for either the treatment or control group.
FINAL ARTICLE PROPOSAL: MEASURING ROI ON SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING 9
6. Double blind – neither the subject nor the experimenter knows whether the subject is in
the treatment of the control condition.
As stated previously, the control group will provide us with a baseline for
comparison. All subjects should be randomly assigned to groups, be tested a
simultaneously as possible, and the experiment should be conducted double blind. Perhaps
an example will help clarify these points. Wolfer and Visintainer (1975) examined the
effects of systematic preparation and support on children who were scheduled for inpatient
minor surgery. The hypothesis was that such preparation would reduce the amount of
psychological upset and increase the amount of cooperation among thee young patients.
Eighty children were selected to participate in the study. Children were randomly assigned
to either the treatment or the control condition. Wolfer and Visintainer (1975) examined the
effects of systematic preparation and support on children who were scheduled for inpatient
minor surgery. The hypothesis was that such preparation would reduce the amount of
psychological upset and increase the amount of cooperation among thee young patients.
Eighty children were selected to participate in the study. Children were randomly assigned
to either the treatment or the control condition.

FINAL ARTICLE PROPOSAL: MEASURING ROI ON SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING 10
References
Buhalis, D., & Mamalakis, E. (2015). Social media return on investment and performance
evaluation in the hotel industry context. Information and communication technologies
in Tourism 2015 (pp. 241-253). Springer, Cham.
Cronin, J. J. (2014). Teaching ROI analysis in an era of social media. Journal of Advertising
Education, 18(2), 28-35.
Michopoulou, E., & Moisa, D. G. (2019). Hotel social media metrics: The ROI dilemma.
International Journal of Hospitality Management, 76, 308-315.

Women, the State and the Economy: Does Brexit have implications for women?

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Gender At Work
2,500 (+/-10%) Word Essay
Select ONE essay question ONLY 1. Gender, Intersectionality and Organisational practices: With examples from the literature, discuss how an intersectional approach can contribute to our understanding of the workplace experiences of ethnic minority women?
Key readings: • Healy, G., H. Bradley, et al. (2011). “Intersectional Sensibilities in Analysing Inequality Regimes in Public Sector Organizations.” Gender, Work & Organization 18(5): 467-487.
• Booysen, L. A. E. and S. M. Nkomo (2010). “Gender role stereotypes and requisite management characteristics: The case of South Africa.” Gender in Management: An International Journal 25(4): 285 – 300.
2. Men and masculinities: Drawing on key readings, critically examine the value of the concept of the glass escalator for understanding men’s experience in predominantly female occupations. Key readings: • Simpson, R. (2004), “Masculinity at Work: The Experiences of Men in Female Dominated Occupations”, Work, Employment & Society 18(2): 349-368. • Williams, C. L. (2013), “The Glass Escalator, Revisited: Gender Inequality in Neoliberal Times”, Gender & Society 27(5): 609-629.
3. Sexuality at work: Drawing on key readings, critically examine how gender intersects with sexuality in women’s experience of male-dominated work and men’s experience of female dominated work. Key readings: • Lupton, B. (2006). Explaining Men’s Entry into Female-Concentrated Occupations: Issues of Masculinity and Social Class. Gender, Work & Organization 13(2): 103-128.
• Wright, T. (2016) Gender and Sexuality in Male-Dominated Occupations: Women Working in Construction and Transport, Chapter 5. Workplace interactions in male dominated organisations. (Available as Ebook).

4. Women, the State and the Economy: Does Brexit have implications for women? Critically examine this question drawing on scholarly views regarding the pursuit of a politics of austerity in Britain. • Key readings: MacLeavy, J. (2018). Women, equality and the UK’s EU referendum: locating the gender political of Brexit in relation to the neoliberalising state. Space and Polity. Issue 2: Brexit Geographies: 205-223. • Perrons, D. (2015). Gendering the inequality debate. Gender & Development. 32(2): 207222.