Write a 1-3 sentences summary saying why you think your explosive compound should be chosen for their project based on the information you obtained above. 

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Module 4 Project: Explosives!  

In this project, you will showcase your research and chemical calculation capabilities, conceptual understanding of the behavior of gases, and your understanding of the nature of thermochemistry, as related to explosions.

You will be creating and submitting a single document that will have all answers clearly labeled, along with any sources you used with APA citations.

Instructions 

For this project, you’ll continue working with the explosive you engaged with in Discussions #1-2 of this module. Now, you are going to present the information a bit more formally, because you are now playing the part of an explosive substance salesman. Pretend your company has just created this new explosive compound and you want to sell it. A potential buyer has written to your company asking about the explosive power of your substance. Note that images are welcome and might help you make the sale!

Write a letter to your prospective client, in which you will address the following elements:

  1. Provide some background information (a 4-5 sentence paragraph). Note: you can use some of the information you found in Discussion #1, but re-work it in a way that “sells” your explosive to your client.
  2. Showcase your substance by giving the chemical structure of your compound in a figure, the systematic IUPAC name. Give the figure a caption.
  3. Write the balanced chemical equation that illustrates your explosives decomposition.
  4. In Discussion # 2, you determined the theoretical enthalpy of your explosive reaction. This is can also be termed the heat of explosion, but when it is termed heat of explosion, the units are traditionally kJ/kg of substance. Convert your enthalpy of reaction (kJ/mol) to heat of explosion (kJ/kg) using the molar mass of your explosive. List that value here and use it to calculate the explosive energy of 5.00 kg.
  5. In Discussion #1, you calculated the volume of gas that your explosive would produce if 1 g of it was used, assuming standard temperature and pressure (STP)and any water produced in the gaseous state. Is this actually accurate, as the gas is usually heated as a result of the explosion, resulting in a much larger volume of gas? But what temperature will the gas reach? Calculate the final volume of the gas produced from 1.00 g of your explosive using Charles’ Law, and assuming your explosion reaches a temperature of 3000 K.
    Remember Charles’ law? V1/T1= V2/T2
  6. The prospective buyer wants to know the actual explosive powerof your substance. Explosive power is defined as the heat of explosion (kJ/kg) x the volume of gases (L/g) produced (at final temperature). Calculate the explosive power of your substance. Use the volume of your gas produced after heating by “heat of explosion“.
  7. Write a 1-3 sentences summary saying why you think your explosive compound should be chosen for their project based on the information you obtained above.

Explain how a chemistry topic you learned in this course can be used to understand the chemistry behind this article.

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In this final post, you will be applying what you have learned in the class to the real world. Choose an article involving chemistry published within the last six months. Explain how a chemistry topic you learned in this course can be used to understand the chemistry behind this article. Be sure to cite your source in APA citation

Choose a topic we covered in this course and explain how that topic will apply to a future class or your future career. Be specific in your answer and be sure that your post follows the quality guidelines as outlined in the discussion syllabus

Discuss the significance of the results and address any “requirements for report if selected for a full write-up”

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full report should consist of the following sections

Abstract: no more than half a page.
Introduction: No more than half a page in length and directly relevant to the experimental technique
Results and Discussion: Raw data must be presented in appropriate form (e.g. table of raw data). This section should discuss the significance of the results and address any “requirements for report if selected for a full write-up” including answers to any Questions (be concise).
Conclusion: You should report your conclusions about the experiment
References: List any books, journals, or web sites used.
Appendix: Any computer-generated chromatogram or voltammograms

Write out a precise procedure, which includes all glassware, reagents, and steps.

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CHEM 131L Principles of Chemistry I LaboratoryThe Scientific MethodRemote Instruction VersionIntroduction Chemists use the scientific method in order to develop a better understanding of matter. The first step of the scientific method is to state the problem to be studied. The second step is to form a hypothesis, which is a prediction of the outcome of an experiment. Thirdly, an experiment is designed and performed with the purpose of confirming the hypothesis. Lastly, qualitative and quantitative data are collected and analyzed, which often leads to the revision of the hypothesis, followed by a new experiment.This cyclical process usually involves many experiments. Experiments are repeated to ensure reproducible results. Reproducible behaviors that are observed may become scientific law. Consider the reaction of hydrogen with oxygen to form water, according to the equation, 2 H2 + O2→ 2 H2O. Many experiments were conducted when mass ratios of 4.0 grams of hydrogen react with 32.0 grams of oxygen. The data consistently showed that 36.0 grams of water are produced. Notice that the total mass of the reactants is identical to the mass of the products. Experiments were repeated with other reactions, and the results showed the total mass of the reactants is identical to the mass of the products. These observations of behavior led to the law of conservation of mass. A law permits the prediction of results based on previous behavior. A theory explains the reasons for the behavior.This activity will provide you with the opportunity to practice utilizing the scientific method and to develop your critical thinking and analysis skills.ObjectiveIn this activity, you will develop an experimental procedure to solve a problem. Consider the following scenario:You are the manager of a chemical stockroom, and find a bottle containing approximately one liter of a clear and colorless solution of unknown identity and concentration. Your only clue to its identity is that it was found between bottles of silver fluoride and sodium fluoride, so it is likely an aqueous solution of one of those two compounds. You will need to develop a procedure to determine the following:a)The identity of the unknown solutionb)The concentration of thReproducible behaviors e unknown solutionWrite out a precise procedure, which includes all glassware, reagents, and steps. You will also need to write the calculations that you would need to determine the concentration of the solution. Assume that you have access to any reagent you might need. You may also assume that you have access to commonlaboratory equipment. You observed some examples of laboratory equipment within the Virtual Chemistry Laboratory simulations. You may visit the virtual lab at chemcollective.org to refamiliarize yourself with this equipment or to try out some techniques. To complete this assignment, consider both the techniques learned in the lab simulations and the information learned in lecture.

2Your report should be written in Microsoft Word or a similar word processing program. Please be certain to include the following sections:Title of Experiment Note: the title of your experiment should not be “The Scientific Method.” Instead, you should give your procedure a title that reflects the objectives of your experiment.Materials and ReagentsIn this section, list the glassware you will need, including sizes, as well as any chemical reagent you might need for your analysis.ProcedureThis should include numbered step-by-step instructions for how to perform your analysis. It should be written in such a way that a fellow CHEM 131 student with similar lab skills can perform it exactly. Be certain to be precise and unambiguous with your language. Specify any data that needs to be collected during the procedure. Note any observations that would lead the experimenter to know the identity of the solute.CalculationsProvide the equations and calculations necessary to determine the concentration of unknown solution. You may provide a set of sample calculations.DiscussionUse this space to clarify any details from your procedure and describe your thought process. Be certain to address specifically how to tell one solute from another and the reason you would expect different results depending on the identity of the solute

What is the proposed role of the carbohydrate domain in bleomycins, and is the composition and position of the disaccharide thought to affect the uptake of bleomycin into cancer cells?

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(a) How does this model complex damage tumour DNA, and does the type of amino acid used to make this model complex affect its ability to damage DNA? Give your reference.

(b) Crystal field theory describes the bonding between copper atom and the nitrogen and oxygen atoms as electrostatic, and magnetic properties of the complex are assumed to be only dependent upon the number of d electrons at the metal centre. By consultation of any Inorganic Chemistry book or the Internet, and assuming the measured magnetic moments of these model complexes are in the range 1.79-1.88 B.M, do these results support a diamagnetic or paramagnetic metal complex? Give your reference.

(c) What is the proposed role of the carbohydrate domain in bleomycins, and is the composition and position of the disaccharide thought to affect the uptake of bleomycin into cancer cells? (Schroeder et al, J. Am. Chem. Soc. (2014), 136, 13641-13656).

(d) Tallysomycins (TLMs), phleomycoins (PLMs) and zorbamycin (ZBM) are structurally related to the bleomycins (BLMs), and have been synthesised and compared for their DNA cleavage activity. (Huang et al, J. Am. Chem. Soc. (2012), 134, 13501-13509).
What are the structural similarities and differences between these four types of compound and were all the modified BLMs, TLMs, PLMs and ZBM investigated thought to have a common biological effect and level of oxidative DNA damage?

(e) A series of deglycoBLMs have been synthesised using solid phase synthesis, in which the area between the intercalating rings and redox active metal site is constrained (Rishel et al, J. Am. Chem. Soc. (2003), 125, 10194-10205).
What effect, if any, did this structural change have on the oxidative damage to DNA, and on RNA?

ASSESSED PRACTICAL WORKSHEET 2
Transition Metal Aspirinate Complexes

Complete ALL the following questions (a)-(e) by using the information provided, by accessing the references given below or in the practical booklet, or by searching the Internet. Give your references cited Harvard style, where appropriate.
Information provided:
A weight of 2.50 g of copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate and 3.6 g of aspirin were used to make copper aspirinate, [Cu2(asp)4], as given in the practical instruction sheet on Blackboard. A weight of 4.00g Cu2(asp)4 was obtained, and the infrared spectra of this complex and its pyridine (py) product, [Cu(asp)2(py)2], were recorded. The wavenumber positions for carbon to oxygen stretches of these two complexes are given below.

(CO2-) carboxylate:
Cu2(asp)4 = 1,620 and 1,420 cm-1
[Cu(asp)2(py)2] = 1,603 and 1,405 cm-1

(C=O) carbonyl:
Cu2(asp)4 = 1,756, 1724 and 1,614 cm-1
[Cu(asp)2(py)2] = 1,748 and 1,595 cm-1

(a) Give below your calculated theoretical weight expected, and the percentage yield obtained, of copper aspirinate. Show your calculations.

(b) By consideration of theIR stretching frequencies provided above, and those of aspirin, comment below on whether the aspirinate groups in [Cu(asp)2(py)2] are bonded to the metal in monodentate or bidentate form.

(c) Assuming the bonding between copper atom and nitrogen and oxygen atoms in the complexes [Cu2(asp)4] and [Cu(asp)2(py)2] is electrostatic, and magnetic properties of the complex are assumed to be only dependent upon the number of d electrons at the metal centre, if the measured magnetic moment of [Cu2(asp)4] was 1.79 B.M, and of [Cu(asp)2(py)2] was 1.88 B.M., do these results support a diamagnetic or paramagnetic complex in each case? Explain your answer.

(d) Aspirin has been usefully combined with platinum in the anti-cancer drug Asplatin (also known as Platin-A). What is the structure of Platin-A, and how has NMR spectroscopy been used to establish this structure?

(e) How does Platin-A enter human cells, what is thought to occur in the cytosol after Platin-A enters cancerous cells and what are the principal advantages of Platin-A over cis-platin in cancer treatment?

Write a roughly 3 page paper, that summarizes all the lab experiences you had this semester.

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This capstone assignment only covers one single course, but the intent is the same. You will write a roughly 3 page paper, longer if you’d like, that summarizes all the lab experiences you had this semester. You don’t need to summarize all the lab procedures or results beyond a minimum, unless you are making a point in your discussion, as you have done that already in your lab reports. What you do need to do is to speak to what you learned from this lab course, what you think is most important in each lab, in essence why you think the lab was included in our curriculum. And most importantly, you need to speak to how this course has made you see things differently and how the experience might make you a better layman scientist in the future.
This paper will be due before or on the first reading day and should be formatted with 10 point font, 1 inch margins, 1 1/2 spaces, or the equivalent. This page is set to that formatting.

All the labs that we have completed online and in classes are going to be uploaded

Describe one or two real-world uses of whatever topic the lab dealt with or other related described for each specific lab below.

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The first part of your paper should cover the concepts and procedures in the lab you missed and a clear explanation of why you think this lab is included in the lab manual when many others could have been chosen. It would be very helpful for you to interview your lab partner or anyone else who did the lab (a reference to this person would be appropriate) to take advantages of their real experiences in the lab. The second part of the paper should go beyond the lab itself, and may describe one or two real-world uses of whatever topic the lab dealt with or other related described for each specific lab below.

Your paper will be graded on the quality of the required content and your explanations, your apparent effort in writing the paper, and the quality of your writing. (If you are a non-native speaker of English, some accommodation will be made for unusual expressions and word choice, but a minimal quality of writing is still expected.) The length of this paper may vary a little depending on topic and approach, but a minimum of 3-4 pages is recommended (typed, 12 pt font, one-inch borders, 1½ spaces, the equivalent hand written acceptable if easy to read). Quality and appropriate coverage should be emphasized over verbosity.

Propose and justify a formulation, a choice of excipients, a method of manufacture, and control procedures for this drug.

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You are a Pharmaceutical company who wants to develop and manufacture an oral form with accelerated bioavailability containing paracetamol (300 mg) and aspirin (200 mg).

Taking into account the physicochemical characteristics of these active ingredients, propose and justify a formulation, a choice of excipients, a method of manufacture, and control procedures for this drug.

(number of sources as much as needed, could be less or more than 14 source)

Explain with what percentage of certainty you could confirm your results.

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This is a research-based lab. This means that you conduct research online or using the library to identify the unknown compound or missing values from the given information, and then produce a lab report. The lab report should describe how you arrived at your conclusions. Therefore, this lab report may look as follows:

Title: Title of this experiment – There should only be one title for the experiment (“Interpretation of UV, NMR, IR, and Mass Spec. Data – Part 5”).

Method: In this section, you explain the given physical or chemical data for each question (you may number them according to the question number), the instruments used, and their purpose. If the same instrument has been used twice, you need to explain that instrument only once. Then, explain the method you would follow to answer each question.

Analysis: In this section, you show your analysis of the given information for each question.

Results: In this section, you will show your results for each question.

Discussion: In this section, you may discuss the rationale for your solution and what other information would have made your findings easier.

Conclusion: In this section, you detail your results and explain with what percentage of certainty you could confirm your results.

Remember to add any relevant references following the APA format.

 

Discuss “The Transition States of Pericyclic Reactions” giving at least two examples.

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Discuss “The Transition States of Pericyclic Reactions” giving at least two examples. Your explanation should include relevant mechanisms and references to actual uses in life. Make sure to use graphics and images from sources in order to help understand what is being discussed. Attached file and MUST be used as sources.