Analyze criminal justice issues within the systems of law enforcement, the judiciary, and corrections

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Prior to beginning work on this discussion, please review your body of work throughout your program and the Bureau of Justice Statistics’ The Justice System (Links to an external site.) web page. Contemplate your initial perceptions of the criminal justice system and how and why they have changed throughout your program of study.

Next, choose one of the BASCJ program learning outcomes (PLO) below:

  • Analyze criminal justice issues within the systems of law enforcement, the judiciary, and corrections (PLO 1).
  • Evaluate the application of the social justice principles of equality, solidarity, and human rights toward building a just society (PLO 2).
  • Apply knowledge of cultural sensitivity and diversity awareness to social and criminal justice (PLO 3).
  • Deconstruct the relationship between law enforcement, the judiciary, and corrections (PLO 4).
  • Interpret the relationship between social justice and criminal justice (PLO 5).
  • Develop critical perspectives in the study of social and criminal justice by drawing on the fields of criminology, law, philosophy, psychology, science, and sociology (PLO 6).

Then in an initial post of 250 words in length,

  • Provide a detailed assessment of your program of study, correlated to the learning outcome you have chosen.
  • Evaluate how your course of study developed your skills in accomplishing this program learning outcome.
  • Examine the challenges you may face in your future career for your chosen program learning outcome.

Support your claims with examples from the required materials from previous weeks, scholarly and /or credible sources, and properly cite any references.

What are the major reasons for plea bargaining? Explain.Do you believe that these are all valid reasons? Why or why not? Explain in detail.Is plea bargaining a fair concept to all concerned? Why or why not? Explain.

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Plea bargaining is a common practice in every criminal court in the United States. One of the strangest concepts is that the prosecutor enters into an agreement with the defense counsel for the accused. In exchange for a guilty plea, the defendant will receive a fixed punishment that both parties agree on. However, judges often hand down sentences that go against the plea bargain if they disagree with the severity of the sentence (or in their opinion, lack thereof). Typically, the parties inform the judge of the plea bargain prior to the judge imposing the sentence.

Primary Task Response:

What are the major reasons for plea bargaining? Explain.Do you believe that these are all valid reasons? Why or why not? Explain in detail.Is plea bargaining a fair concept to all concerned? Why or why not? Explain.How do you think plea bargaining conflicts with mandatory sentences? Explain.What do you think are the most significant problems regarding plea bargaining? Explain

Outline a plan of support for Samuel that includes each area of need, resource, contact information, and timeline. Plan for at least 5 areas of need. Explain why and how you think these resources would be beneficial and would help Samuel address his needs.

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Samuel was born in Jamaica. When he was 5 years old his father immigrated to the United States and his mother to Toronto, leaving him and his sister in the care of their aunt. When Samuel was nine, his mother sponsored his sister and him to come to Toronto, Canada. Here he lived with his mother, sister, half-brother and eventually his mother had two more children. After years of growing up in Rexdale, his mother was finally granted subsidized housing through Toronto Community Housing Corporation and they had to move to a new community when he was 16 years old. The community he came from and new community he moved to have a long history of gang involved turf war. Samuel did not want to live in this community and was very upset. By age 18, Samuel had become increasingly involved with gang activity in his neighborhood. Some of the gang involvement required him to sell small amounts of Crack-cocaine, Cannabis and Methamphetamine. The gang also took part in operating underground illegal gambling as well as took part in violent acts against their rivals.

Over recent months Samuel had witnessed several extreme acts of violence towards others. On one evening while walking home from the store, Samuel was physically assaulted by several members of a rival gang. During his recuperation, Samuel turned to the substances he was distributing and began to self-medicate as a method of pain relief from his injuries. Over the several weeks Samuel was recovering, he was consuming large amounts of all three substances he had in his possession and became heavily addicted. As he was unable to distribute these substances while recovering, Samuel became indebted to his gang for the drugs he consumed and did not sell. The higher level gang members told Samuel that he would have to pay back the money he owed with interest. The gang, knowing Samuel was addicted to the substances, also stated that they would not be giving him anymore drugs to sell until they were paid back in full.

With the little money Samuel had left from his drug deals, Samuel turned to illegal underground gambling in hopes of gaining the money he owed. Samuel did win a few times, but would often not quit while he was ahead and bet high and eventually lose all his funds. Samuel got several loans from the gambling establishment, however he would continue to lose more times than he won. In desperation, Samuel began stealing from his family members. On one occasion Samuel stole and sold his families TV, computer and gaming console to get money to support his gambling and substance addictions. His family confronted him on this and asked him to begin looking for a new place to live. Samuel’s mother told him she was there to support him, but he needed to get his life together. Samuel began to prioritize his substance and gambling addiction over everything else. One evening Samuel was forcefully removed from the gambling establishment as he was intoxicated and began to get physical when denied a loan. The gang members had also began calling Samuel’s home and threatening his family if they did not pay what Samuel owed. With not knowing what to do, Samuel has contacted you as a practitioner for support.

  • Using the chart below, outline a plan of support for Samuel that includes each area of need, resource, contact information, and timeline. Plan for at least 5 areas of need.
  • Explain why and how you think these resources would be beneficial and would help Samuel address his needs.
  • How would you support Samuel in executing this plan?
  • How else could you support him?

Discuss the use of prisons/jails as confinement facilities for those who have mental health issues. Where do you believe those persons should carry out their criminal sentence? Why? 

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  1. Given the limited impact of the exclusionary rule on crime fighting and Miranda on conviction rates, what purposes do they serve?
  2. Discuss the deterrent effect of the death penalty. Does it work?
  3. (a) If selective incapacitation and gross incapacitation do not reduce serious crimes, what actions can be taken to decrease such crimes? Is it necessarily CJ factors and answers that can help? Are there other social institutions that can impact the crime rate? How so?

Discuss the use of prisons/jails as confinement facilities for those who have mental health issues.  Where do you believe those persons should carry out their criminal sentence? Why?

Identify and discuss at least 3 different types of nongovernmental police or security forces. You may also choose to profile 3 real-life private detectives or bounty hunters by presenting a biography and history on them and their exploits.

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Identify and discuss at least 3 different types of nongovernmental police or security forces. You may also choose to profile 3 real-life private detectives or bounty hunters by presenting a biography and history on them and their exploits.
You may combine the above two tasks as long as you explore at least 3 forces or detectives in your combination.

Research and discuss at least 1 example of criminal wrongdoing by a private police or security force or personnel. This example does not have to be about one that was already covered, and it does not have to be from within the United States. Where possible, your discussion of the research should include statistical data about the different types of nongovernmental police or security forces.
Express your thoughts and feelings about the use of nongovernmental police and security forces.
Do you have any policy recommendations for or against them?

What use of force policies would you suggest to govern the use of less-than-lethal weapons? What are some of the advantages and disadvantages of using less-than-lethal weapons?

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Identify and describe at least 3 less-than-lethal options that are available to law enforcement.
Identify and describe at least 1 new less-than-lethal or nonlethal technology that is currently under development.
Make sure to include the following in your paper:
What are some of the advantages and disadvantages of using less-than-lethal weapons?
What are some of the concerns about the inappropriate use of less-than-lethal weapons, such as torture?
What use of force policies would you suggest to govern the use of less-than-lethal weapons?
Include a title page, abstract, and separate reference page.
Additional Resources

Body Worn Cameras (BWCs) for Criminal Justice: Market Survey

This market survey report aggregates and summarizes information on commercial BWCs to aid criminal justice practitioners considering planning, acquisition and implementation of the technology in their agency.
Law Enforcement Technology Report

The job of law enforcement is evolving—and law enforcement must keep track of ever-changing technologies so they can continue to perform at their best as they serve their communities. This report provides statistics on law enforcement technology use and how new technologies have improved the performance of law enforcement officials in addition to identifying what the future may bring.

What limitations does your study have? In other words, how might your methodology limit the types of inferences you can make about your expected results?

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This is the last of the paper.. I think 2 pages is fine. I need to see if you will put all of it together.. so if he has some corrections on this finished .. once he is done.. then I will see how i get you to correct..

I have attached the corrections that he wants.. are you able to see them?

-Assignment 3: Expected Findings and Conclusions (2 to 3 pages).
This section should highlight the students expected findings from their proposed study.
Students should base expected findings from their understanding of the prior literature
outlined in the literature review. Students should also include a conclusion section
framing their study within the broader literature based on the literature review. This is

Expected Findings
1. What do you expect to find from your hypothetical study?
2. Why do you expect this? Use previous literature to justify your
hypothetical findings.
Conclusions
1. What conclusions can you draw from your hypothetical study?
2. How might these conclusions and findings add to literature on this
topic?
3. What limitations does your study have? In other words, how might
your methodology limit the types of inferences you can make about
your expected results?

Identify and describe at least 3 less-than-lethal options that are available to law enforcement.

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Identify and describe at least 3 less-than-lethal options that are available to law enforcement.
Identify and describe at least 1 new less-than-lethal or nonlethal technology that is currently under development.
Make sure to include the following in your paper:
What are some of the advantages and disadvantages of using less-than-lethal weapons?
What are some of the concerns about the inappropriate use of less-than-lethal weapons, such as torture?
What use of force policies would you suggest to govern the use of less-than-lethal weapons?
Include a title page, abstract, and separate reference page.

Additional Resources

Body Worn Cameras (BWCs) for Criminal Justice: Market Survey

This market survey report aggregates and summarizes information on commercial BWCs to aid criminal justice practitioners considering planning, acquisition and implementation of the technology in their agency.
Law Enforcement Technology Report

The job of law enforcement is evolving—and law enforcement must keep track of ever-changing technologies so they can continue to perform at their best as they serve their communities. This report provides statistics on law enforcement technology use and how new technologies have improved the performance of law enforcement officials in addition to identifying what the future may bring.

What do you consider to be the 3 most important evidence processing laws that must be taken into consideration during an investigation?

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NO TITLE PAGE AND USE U.S. ONLY REFERENCES TO INCLUDE:
Computer Forensics and Cyber Crime: An Introduction by Britz

Your company, AB Investigative Services (ABIS) has been contacted by a prominent state law enforcement agency concerning the need to discuss, in a high-level meeting, specific computer-related forensics tools and their functions when governing the seizures of computers and other technology. On behalf of your ABIS, you will conduct a training meeting for 25 state law enforcement agency forensic investigative personnel.

In your training meeting, you must provide specific details of what forensic tools are available for use, and what current evidence processing laws are in place.

For full credit, your Discussion Board posting must include the following information:

Discuss 3 advantages and/or disadvantages of using forensic tools during an investigation? You may discuss any combination of advantages and disadvantages, but you must discuss 3.
Why is this an advantage/disadvantage?
What is 1 example of a way in which an investigation can be corrupted by not using computer forensics tools?
How would this affect the investigation?
What do you consider to be the 3 most important forensics tools currently being used? Also discuss the most important features of each of these tools.
What information can be accessed by using these tools, and how is this information used in the investigative process/what is the importance of this information?
What do you consider to be the 3 most important evidence processing laws that must be taken into consideration during an investigation?
Why are these laws important, and who, specifically, do these laws protect?

Provide clear, strong, and concise arguments about why the community, agency, or company should focus their research time over the next few months upon the CI sector you selected.

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This White Paper should be no more than 3 pages long, 1.5 or double-spaced, 11- or 12-point font, well-organized, clearly delivered, mechanically sound, and comprehensive in content.
You are encouraged to use the library as a resource for this assignment.
This week, you will choose the critical infrastructure (CI) sector that you will focus on for the remainder of the term. Each sector can only be selected by 1 student unless student enrollment in this course is high, in which case, only 1 student may choose a subsector.
For example, you could select the transportation sector with subsectors of freight rail, roads, bridges, waterways, and so forth. The instructor will employ a first-come-first-served method of allocation. Will use Colorado’s Transportation Infrastructure – some info – https://www.infrastructurereportcard.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/Full_Report_CO_2020.pdf
When choosing your sector, keep in mind that later in the term, you will evaluate a network of assets (or nodes) within this realm, as well as conduct a risk assessment on at least 1 critical asset within that network.
You should choose a sector that is salient for you personally, and for which the network and asset you will examine are readily researchable or can be physically explored. The purpose of the vulnerability analysis and risk assessment you will undertake later in the course are to understand the principles of these functions, rather than master the processes of conducting these evaluations. Therefore, you should neither choose an obscure sector and assets to study, nor focus on over-exposed entities.
For this week’s assignment, assume the role of CI advisor to the senior leader or manager of a community, agency, or company of your choice. You have a vested interest in providing this leader with specific information about your sector, but you also seek to educate him or her on critical infrastructure protection.
Write a White Paper intended to both inform and influence decision makers in public and private entities on a given topic. Be sure to include the following:
• Provide clear, strong, and concise arguments about why the community, agency, or company should focus their research time over the next few months upon the CI sector you selected.
• Explain in your own words what CI sectors are, and why they are specially designated as such in the Department of Homeland Security (DHS).
• Discuss briefly the other CI sectors that are interdependent with yours.
• Consider and discuss 1 or 2 key potential networks and 1 or more critical assets within this sector to be explored later.
This White Paper should be no more than 3 pages long, 1.5 or double-spaced, 11- or 12-point font, well-organized, clearly delivered, mechanically sound, and comprehensive in content.
If you mention sources or deliver content that is in any way derived from material or ideas that are not original thought, include proper citations.
Cover information about your sector that will be the most important to this particular manager. Do not spend precious space on filler information such as the history of a sector, or overly broad views on international or national dependence upon the sector.