What do you think about the scope of presidential and gubernatorial authority in ordering potentially wide-ranging administrative decisions? What, in your opinion, should be the role of legislative bodies in formulating policies affecting the homeland security enterprise?

/in /by

Chapter Perspective 3.4 Authority and the Homeland Security Enterprise T

he homeland security enterprise is subject to the authority of executive, legislative, and judicial processes. mese include the following examples.

Executive Orders

  • Declarations trued by presidents or governors that have legal authority over homeland Beauty processes and policies. Alien based on prior steamy actions by the lethlative branch no further lethlative consideration will orir.

Homeland Security Presidential Directives

  • Presidential policy directives to members of the homeland security enterprise. These are executive directives that are implemented by relevant authorities.

Judicial Decisions

  • Judicial decisions are rendered by federal and state courts. Such decisions have the authority of law within the jurisdiction of the rendering COWL Appellate decisions likewise have constitutional authority within the scope of the rendering corms jurisdiction.

Presidential Directives

  • An overarching term miming to executive ceders in general Differing nomenclature may be used by different presidential admini:trations, but the admi,istrative effect is generally the lame. In effect, all presidential directives are order establishing policies to be castled out by relevant mauve authorities.

Statutory Authority

  • Legislauvely driven authority granted to government agencies. Statutory authority establishes the parameters and Imuctons for 21WICISI Whet implementing polices. These are promulgated as lint relevant to the homeland ISCUSIty enterprise.

Discussion Questions

  1. What do you think about the scope of presidential and gubernatorial authority in ordering potentially wide-ranging administrative decisions?
  2. What, in your opinion, should be the role of legislative bodies in formulating policies affecting the homeland security enterprise?
  3. How should the three branches of government collaborate in assuring an efficient and effective homeland security enterprise?”

 

What role do you think this incident had in precipitating the PLO’s cycles of violence? What, in your opinion, would have been the outcome if the Jordanian government had not responded militarily to the Palestinian presence in Jordan?

/in /by

Chapter Perspeaive 3.3 The Black September Case Study

Chapter Perspeaive 3.3 The Black September Case Study and Historical Context Palestinian hijackers attempted to hijack five airliners on September 6 and 9,19″0. Their plan was to fly all of the planes to an abandoned British Royal Air Force (RAF) airfield in Jordan, hold hostaees, broker the release of Palestinian prisoner, release the hostaees, blow up the plane, and thereby force the world to focus on the plight of the Palestinian people. On September 12, 255 hostages were released from the three planes that landed at Field (the RAF base), and 56 were kept to bargain for the release of :even Palestinian prisoners. The group then blew up the airliners. Unfortunately for the hijackers, their actions ready alarmed King Hussein of Jordan. Martial law was declared on September 16, and the incident led to aril war between Palestinian faces and the Jordanian armor. .Although the Iordanians’ operation was precipitated by the detruaion of the airliners on Jordanian soil, tensions had been building between the army and Palestinian forces for some time. King Hussein and the Jordanian leadership interpreted this operation as confirmation that radical Palestinian coups had become too powerfifi and were a threat to Jordanian sovereignty On September 19. Hussein asked for diplomatic intavention from Great Britain and the United States when a Syrian column entered Jordan in support of the PalestiniPik. On September 27, a mice ended the fighting. The outcome of the fighting was a relocation of much of the Palestinian leadership and fighters to its Lebanese bases. The entire incident became =cum 3131011EPalestnians as Black September and was not forgotten by radicals in the Palestinian nationalist movement. One of the most notation terrorist groups at the time took the name Black September, and the name was also used by the group led by terrorist Abu Nidal.

Discussion Questions

  1. What role do you think this incident had in precipitating the PLO’s cycles of violence?
  2. What, in your opinion, would have been the outcome if the Jordanian government had not responded militarily to the Palestinian presence in Jordan?
  3. How should the world community have responded to Black September?”

 

Was the response during the attack adequately managed? What, in your opinion, were the causes of the subsequent political crisis? Are protocols for the protection of U.S. diplomatic missions adequately adaptive to fluid security environments?”

/in /by

Chapter Perspective 3.2 (political crisis)

The Benghazi Attack Islamist insureents attacked two U.S. diplomatic fatuities in aillehazi. Libya, on the night of September 11, 2012. U.S. ambassador John Christopher Stevens was killed during the attack, as was a foreign service officer (FSO) and two Cenral Intelligence Agency (CIA) security contactors. The insureenti first attacked and burned the U.S. diplomatic mission where the ambassador and FSO were killed and later, in the early moraine, attacked the annex, where the CIA security contractors died. More than 30 American personnel were rescued from the diplomatic mission. An international U.S. emerzency resinse effort was activated. I then the attack begin a surveillance drone was dispatched to the site. Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta and Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff General Martin Dempsey met with President Barad( Obama at the White Home to discuss response options. Secretary Panetta ordered Marine antiterrorist teams in Spain to prepare to deploy to amehat and Tripoli. Special operations teams were also ordered to prepare for deplopnent from Croatia, the United States, and a staging area in Italy a small security team was also deployed from the U.S. Embassy in Tripoli and arrived in Benghazi.

Initial reports were that the attack was the work of a mob aneered by the promulgation of an American-made film mocking the Prophet Muhammed and Islam. It was later determined that the attackers were armed Islamists. The political backlash about the initial assessment was intense, with calls for the resienation of the U.S. ambassador to the United Nations. Congressional hearings were held by the Senate Select Committee on Intellieence, the House Foreign Affairs Committee, the House Oversight Committee, and the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. Officials called to testify included Secretary of State Hillary Clinton. A Home of Representatives Select CA”,,rittee on Benzhat was established, which quickly became deeply divided alone partisan political lines. The attack and its aftermath created a partisan political crisis in the United States on the questions of what the fans of the crisis response actually were, whether information was intentionally obfuscated, and whether the coneressional investigations were motivated more by partisan politics than objective fact-finding.

Discussion Questions

  1. Was the response during the attack adequately managed?
  2. What, in your opinion, were the causes of the subsequent political crisis?
  3. Are protocols for the protection of U.S. diplomatic missions adequately adaptive to fluid security environments?”

How political is the decision to place a group on the FTO list? What factors would you use to place groups on the FTO list? Should all politically violent groups be placed on the FTO list?”

/in /by

Foreign terrain organizations

The Depanment of State regularly publishes lists of oreanizations and movements deemed to be foreign terrain organizations (FT0s). Cowin Repons on Trnor:vn 2017 designated the following OIMIALIT101.1 to be FTOs:

  • Azzam Brigades (AAB) A
  • bu Sayyaf Group (ASG) .a1-
  • Agra Manyn Brigade (.442113) .
  • gnat al-Dine (.4kn) .
  • gnat al-Islam (AX)
  • Amur al-Sharia in Benehari (AAS-B)
  • Amur al-Sharia in Damah (LAS-D) A
  • mur al-Sharia in Tunisia (AAS-I)
  • Anny of Islam (A0I)
  • Astral al- Azar- (AAA)
  • .gum Shimikyo (ACM)
  • Basque Fatherland and Liberty (ETA)
  • Boko Haim BFI)
  • Communist Party of PhilippineNew People’s Aimy (CPRNPA)
  • Continuity Irish Republican Amy’ (CIRA)
  • Gama’a al-Islantyya (IG)
  • Hangs Haqqani Nem& (HQN)
  • Hanlon ul-Jihad-i-Islami (HOD Harakat (Hull-B)
  • Harakat ul-Mujabideen (HUM)
  • Hizballah Hizbul hlujahedeen (FDA)
  • Indian Mujahedeen (al) Islamic Jihad Union (UL)
  • Islamic Movement of lizbekinan (DM)
  • Islamic State of Iraq and Syria
  • (ISIS) Islamic State’s Khorasan Province (ISIS-K)
  • ISIL-Libya ISIS Sinai Province (ISIS-SP)
  • Jainism Anunal Mu:lit:Una Fi Biladis-Sudan (Amara)
  • faish-e-MaerInied (WS)
  • Jayth RijalAI-Tariq Al-Naqshabandi (JRIN’)
  • Jemaah Antharut Tauhid
  • (JAI) Jennals Islamiya (11)
  • Jmdallsla Kahane Chai Kata’ib Hithallah (KH)
  • Kurdistan porkers’ Party (PICK)
  • L rshIcar e-Tafliba (Lel)
  • Lashkn i Pisani
  • (Li) Liberation Tigers of Tamil Edam
  • (LITE) Mujahi.li” Shun Council in the Environs of Jerusalem
  • (MSC) Al-Mulathainun Battalion
  • (AMB) National Liberation Amy
  • (EI-N) Al-Nusrah Front
  • (ANF) Palestine Islamic Jihad (Pt)
  • Palestine Liberation Front -Abu Abbas Faction (PLF)
  • Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PELP)
  • Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine-General Cronin:I (PFLP-GC) (AQ)
  • .al-Qiida in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP)
  • .al-Qiida in the Indian Subcontinent (AQIS)
  • .al-Qiida in the Islamic Nlitehreb (.4.QM)
  • Real IRA (RIBA)
  • Revolutionary Aimed Forces of Colcmbia (FARC)
  • Revolutionary People’s Liberation Party.Front (DHKPC)
  • Revolutionary Strunk (RS)
  • Al-Shabaab (AS)
  • Shining Path (SL)
  • Telink-e Taliban Pakistan (17P)

 

Discussion Questions

  1. How political is the decision to place a group on the FTO list?
  2. What factors would you use to place groups on the FTO list?
  3. Should all politically violent groups be placed on the FTO list?”

 

Which interrogation techniques are acceptable in this situation from a homeland security perspective? Which interrogation techniques are not acceptable in this situation from a civil liberties perspective? Considering the ruthlessness of the terrorists, should martial law be declared in the upper Midwest?

/in /by

Justice in civil society

It can be argued that civil liberty considerations are essentially a moral debate about norms of justice in civil society—in other words, whether a just society should suspend its norms of justice when challenged by real and imminent danger from violent extremists.

Consider the following scenario: A terrorist cell has been active in several cities in the upper Midwest region of the United States. They have carried out numerous bombings and sabotage, including a hostage crisis at a school that left dozens dead and injured. There is every expectation that the cell will continue its campaign. Law enforcement officials have captured a cell member in an apartment used as a “bomb factory,” and it is evident that the suspect is a master bomb maker. The suspect refuses to reveal any information about his comrades, where completed bombs may have been sent, or where the following intended targets will be attacked. Lives are clearly at stake, and time is of the essence.

Discussion Questions:

1. Which interrogation techniques are acceptable in this situation from a homeland security perspective?

2. Which interrogation techniques are not acceptable in this situation from a civil liberties perspective?

3. Considering the ruthlessness of the terrorists, should martial law be declared in the upper Midwest?

4. What are the civil liberties consequences of doing so? What are the homeland security consequences of not doing so? Should the captured suspect be afforded due process protections under the law?

5. Who should have primary custody and authority over the suspect?”

How necessary are comprehensive legislative initiatives? Why? To what extent do new terrorist threats or incidents drive new legislative initiatives? Should new terrorist threats or incidents drive new legislative initiatives?”

/in /by

Terrorist threats

Homeland security legislation has been integrated into the responsive process to terrorist threats. Such statutory initiatives are fundamental components for framing homeland security environments in the modern era. Some critics argue that these measures are too broad, whereas supporters insist that they are necessary for creating a legal framework to respond to verifiable terrorist threats.

Discussion Questions:

1. How necessary are comprehensive legislative initiatives? Why?

2. To what extent do new terrorist threats or incidents drive new legislative initiatives?

3. Should new terrorist threats or incidents drive new legislative initiatives?”

Identify the case and the specific circumstances that were brought to the attention of the community. Explain any outside influences that were a factor in the public’s reaction to the situation.

/in /by

Ethical Standards Violation Presentation

In the criminal justice profession, ethical considerations form the basis for the use of discretion, force, and due process required to make sound moral decisions. The ability to maintain authority over other individuals should not be taken lightly. Professionals in the field of criminal justice must be aware of the power of their position and the ethical standards required to carry out their duties. The system itself has a responsibility to ensure that these professionals maintain ethical standards.

Imagine that your team is responsible for investigating ethical violations in criminal justice agencies. You have been asked to review a specific case in which a criminal justice professional violated ethical standards while in a position of trust and to determine how the violation affected the performance and public perception of the organization this professional represented.

Locate a case in which a professional in the field of criminal justice violated ethical standards. Use the University Library or other academic sources to research an article about the case.

Prepare a 4-slide Microsoft® PowerPoint® presentation, in which your team addresses the following:

Identify the case and the specific circumstances that were brought to the attention of the community.
Explain any outside influences (media, social media, etc.) that were a factor in the public’s reaction to the situation.
Describe the action(s) that were taken against the criminal justice professional (e.g., disciplinary action, termination, criminal charges).
Explain how the organization that the professional worked for responded to the public. Did it adequately relay information that could have prevented any negative reactions?
Recommend and describe an action plan, improvement plan, or remedial training program that could potentially prevent similar circumstances in the future.

Note: The slide count does not include title, conclusion, or reference list slides. Use brief bullet points on the slides, with a detailed explanation of each slide in the notes section.

Evaluate changes to the legality of the death penalty for juveniles as it has changed over time. Use between four and six US Supreme Court cases to illustrate these substantive changes.

/in /by

Discussion paper

1. Evaluate changes to the legality of the death penalty for juveniles as it has changed over time. Use between four and six US Supreme Court cases to illustrate these substantive changes. Ensure you are explaining the major holding(s) of the cases you select as you write.

2.Use of discretion in encounters remains one of the most individualized elements of juvenile policing with officers exercising large amounts of agency. Consider if you were to be assigned, in the course of your employment, to generate the police or other agency departmental guide/handbook for the use of discretion with Juveniles. Identify and explain between four and six substantive policies or policy recommendations you would suggest for the new departmental guide.

Discuss speaking with the reporting party, victim, and/or witness during an interview and how you may need to ask follow-up questions to obtain vital information. How can Miranda and related Constitutional rights issues come into play?

/in /by

Types of Statements

Discuss speaking with the reporting party, victim, and/or witness during an interview and how you may need to ask follow-up questions to obtain vital information. How can Miranda and related Constitutional rights issues come into play? (200 words or more, 100 points)

What is the interplay of street crime, white-collar crime, organized crime, and terrorism? What are thee characteristics of organized crime groups? How does transnational organized crime interact with or otherwise affect governments?

/in /by

Transnational Organized Crime and Terrorism

1. What is the interplay of street crime, white-collar crime, organized crime, and terrorism?

2. What are thee characteristics of organized crime groups?

3. Distinguish terrorism from normal or street crimes.

4. How does transnational organized crime interact with or otherwise affect governments?

5. What factors have facilitated the growth of transnational organized crime? How?

6. There are two economic models explaining the emergence of transnational organized crime. Explain their operation and differences.

7. Compare the various transnational organized crime structures.

8. How do drugs contribute to transnational organized crime and terrorism?

9. How are terrorist groups and transnational organized crime groups similar? Different?