What is the primary research question? (What changes can we make to government policies or laws that arrest people for minor crimes (such as alcohol consumption and loitering) to help young people have better outcomes?)

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ARTICLE CRITIQUE

Critique and evaluate one quantitative study. This study must be peer-reviewed empirical article

submit evaluation of an empirical study using a quantitative research method You must ensure that your chosen article is a peer-reviewed article from a reputable journal Through this assignment, you will demonstrate your ability to conduct a literature search, !!!!! as well as your critical thinking skills when reading and evaluating quantitative research studies

Here are the key elements that you should address:

* What is the primary research question? (What changes can we make to government policies or laws that arrest people for minor crimes (such as alcohol consumption and loitering) to help young people have better outcomes?)ex and on change the question this ia a criminal justice class use the text book to see if this is even a good research question

* Briefly summarize past literature – what gaps does this study address?

* Identify the specific research design used

* Briefly summarize the study results and conclusions

* Strengths of the study design

* Weaknesses of the study design

* APA formatted

What is the degree of difficulty in conducting your study (e.g. how difficult was it to find data that was related to your research question and you could perform data analysis with it)?

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JUVENILES INVOLVEMENT IN PROPERTY CRIMES

General Guidelines For Writing Essay #3

This Essay accounts for 20% of the final grade.

Make sure that you are describing the analysis that you will be conducting.

Address each of the following:

a. research question or hypotheses: state either a research question; or null hypothesis and related alternative hypothesis. How do you expect the results to come out? Why? In your answer, be sure to refer to previous research and/or theory to support your answer (

Please see the other two essays attached to help answer this questions)

Research Question- Relation between Juveniles and Property Crimes Ages 12-18

What results can we expect to come out?

Does age causes property crime? Or does Age influence property crimes

b. describe your research design and sample

Quantitative Research deign. Be data driven. (Ratio between Property crime and Age 12-18) Use Uniform Crime Report ( Sample = where the data is coming from)

c. What is your independent variable? What is your dependent variable? Your unit of analysis is going to be either group (aggregate) data or data at the individual level.

Independent Variable is Age ( defined), Dependent variable is property crime (Defined/ Use Uniform Crime Report. Example include theft, burglary, automobile theft etc…). Explain where the data came from.

Unit of Analysis ( Use Group data or aggregate data for this portion)

No hard data required, just explaining where the data is going to come from. Source

(Possible sources to use include OJJDP website and Census. gov)

d. Data Analysis- what SPSS (SPSS Statistics is a software package used for interactive, or batched, statistical analysis) procedure will you use to analyze your data? Why?

*SPSS is going to use Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient*

Analysis going to be descriptive data because of Pearson’s correlation coefficient. It’s a descriptive statistical measure.

Pearson’s is used to determine the relationship between my independent variable and my dependent variable.

Explain why I picked this procedure and how I do the analysis.

At least five lines of data and five years of data

e. What is the degree of difficulty in conducting your study (e.g. how difficult was it to find data that was related to your research question and you could perform data analysis with it)?

Use Your Own Words

Just answer this questions above.

f. What is the potential significance of the proposed analysis to knowledge, theory, the field of criminology, and society?

Use Your Own Words Here

What is the significance of my study to the field of criminology, and society? (Example, my research can assist and understanding a little bit more about the relationship between race and who commits what types of crimes).

Refer back to some of theories used in the attached essays written before. Use other knowledge as well.

g. What are the strengths and limitations related to your ability to complete your study?

Reference citations are not required, although you can use reference citations to support any of the above points (a-g). If you use any references, everything must be in APA format (both in the text and the reference list) and copies of the references are submitted with the Essay.

BE SURE TO INCLUDE A TITLE PAGE –

Title Page (e.g. your name; CRJU 485.001; Semester; and Essay #3)

Explain the importance of a media relationship to the court and the balance with that media.

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Media Budget for the Court.

Kevin Whalling, Chief Counsel for the Whalling Law Group, PLLC has been approached by Luke Han, Chief Court Administrator for the local justice court system concerning the desire to obtain a more substantial media budget for the court.

The problem for Administrator Han is that the court’s budgeting is tied to approval by the County Board of Supervisors. One Board member, Leia Darth, is very stingy concerning budgeting for the courts. So, the issue will be to explain the importance of a media relationship to the court and the balance with that media.

It will be tough to convince Supervisor Darth to approve the budget increase for media.

Which category of threats from the secondary reading are you interested in focusing on in your research proposal, and why? What will be the ethical considerations in studying the type of threat you have chosen for your research proposal? Why?

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Criminal justice

The final project for this course will be a research proposal on a criminal justice topic of your choosing. Each week you will be completing a project journal based on supplemental readings that highlight important aspects of criminal justice. The purpose of the journal is to serve as a bridge between the supplemental readings and the research methods you are learning about in class, in order to help you build toward your final research proposal.

Which category of threats from the secondary reading are you interested in focusing on in your research proposal, and why?
What will be the ethical considerations in studying the type of threat you have chosen for your research proposal? Why?

What are some of the most adverse social, political, defense, economic, fiscal, trade, cultural, and human rights aspects of the pandemic now manifesting on the world stage, and with what implications for international security and globalization?

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Past, Present & Future effects of Covid-19

Discussing and analyzing the past, present, and (potential) future effects of the Covid-19 pandemic with respect to international security and globalization, as these concepts are explored in our readings. Develop your paper by juxtaposing Covid-19 with how the concepts, principles, and commentary studied relate to the manner in which events have unfolded, and continue to unfold, since the pandemic went global. You may take any rational approach. For instance, has Covid-19 significantly affected or influenced military capabilities of NATO? What are some of the most adverse social, political, defense, economic, fiscal, trade, cultural, and human rights aspects of the pandemic now manifesting on the world stage, and with what implications for international security and globalization? These are only suggestions to get you started. They are not your script or blueprint. It’s your paper, so write what most interests you. Be imaginative. Impress. Finally, I strongly advise giving significant consideration to your approach before putting pen to paper as I expect thoughtful, insightful, critical discourse and analysis in well-written, polished graduate-level papers.

Why is this an example of quasi-experimental design and not an experimental design? Explain your answer. Identify the internal threats to validity that may be an issue in this study. Explain your answer.

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Police Monitored CCTV Cameras in Newark

Read Police Monitored CCTV Cameras in Newark, NJ: A Quasi-Experimental Test of Crime Deterrence by Joel M. Caplan, Leslie W Kennedy, and Gohar Petrossian and then answer the following questions using information from the article and your assigned text. Article is in the Module.

Describe the treatment and control groups used in this study.
Why is this an example of quasi-experimental design and not an experimental design? Explain your answer.
Identify the internal threats to validity that may be an issue in this study. Explain your answer.

Identify police response to domestic violence, the link between childhood victimization and future delinquency, and create a portfolio up to 8 current scholarly research articles on your chosen topic.

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Literature Review

For this assignment, you will identify a specific research area (narrowed by two variables) within Victimology (For example, you might identify police response to domestic violence, the link between childhood victimization and future delinquency, etc.) and create a portfolio up to 8 current (within past 15 years) scholarly research articles on your chosen topic.

The project will have two parts as follows:

For this assignment, you will submit Part 2 of your Research/Literature Review Assignment. Write a literature review which synthesizes the current research from your Week 3 portfolio of articles

Write clearly, concisely, and appropriately using APA 7th Edition, correct English, grammar, punctuation, usage, sentence structure and vocabulary. Your essay should be up to 5 pages in length and should be submitted through Turnitin using the assignment link. Review the rubric below.

Describe indeterminate sentencing and how the parole works. Describe determinate sentencing. Explain the concept of “good time”

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Sentencing

Until the 1970s, most states provided inmates with a mechanism for early release at the discretion of a parole board under an indeterminate sentencing model. “Good time” was used as a mechanism for early release for determinate sentencing whereby inmates were eligible for a day reduction in their sentences. Since that time, determinate sentencing increasingly gained dominance until only very recently, when some states have started to question whether they should revert back to an indeterminate model. For this assignment, compare each sentencing model and provide examples of both.

Your 900–1,050-word essay should:

Describe indeterminate sentencing and how the parole works.

Outline the pros and cons of indeterminate sentencing.

Provide a minimum of two real-life examples of indeterminate sentencing. Check newspapers or online news sources.

Describe determinate sentencing.

Outline the pros and cons of determinate sentencing.

Explain the concept of “good time”

Provide a minimum of two real-life examples of determinate sentencing.

Format your work consistent with APA guidelines and include a title and reference page. Cite a minimum of three reliable sources within the body of your paper using in-text citations where appropriate.

How does the 4th Amendment apply to police entry into a person’s home? What is needed for police to obtain a warrant to search a home? Under what circumstances can police enter a private residence without one? Could police have entered Mary Ellis’s home legally without a warrant? To what extent, if any, could police legally gather evidence from the Ellis home without a warrant?

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The 4th Amendment

The Fourth Amendment to The Constitution of the United States reads:

“The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrant shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the person or things to be seized.”

Fruit of the Poisonous Tree

The exclusionary rule is a mechanism for protecting 4th Amendment rights by, in some circumstances, disallowing illegally gathered evidence from being used against a defendant at trial.

Consider the following scenario: A Case of ‘Who did it?’

Mary Ellis, a widow, lives in a townhouse that she shares with her adult son, William, who does not pay rent. Mrs. Ellis awakens on a Saturday morning and goes to her walk-in closet, where she finds a man whom she recognizes as a neighbor, Clyde Stevens, lying on the floor unresponsive. Mrs. Ellis calls 911. Minutes later, police and EMS personnel arrive. Mr. Stevens is pronounced dead from an apparent stabbing, as he has a large butcher knife protruding from his back. Mrs. Ellis, a senior citizen, is transported to the hospital for observation, quite distraught.

Police establish a crime scene and call for detectives and crime scene specialists, who arrive and begin to investigate. Detectives begin a canvass and interview Clyde Stevens’s wife, Sheila. Mrs. Stevens tells police that William Ellis has entered her townhouse several times unannounced and on one occasion appeared to be trying to get into her bed. Mrs. Stevens gives the police consent to search the house for any potential evidence that might identify her husband’s killer.

Crime scene investigators actively process the scene. In William’s bedroom, technicians develop a blood fingerprint adjacent to a light switch, using an amino acid stain, after locating the print using the absorptive properties of blood and a portable argon laser. The crime scene investigator photographs the print and recovers a sample of the blood for DNA analysis. The print is from the right index finger of William Ellis, and DNA analysis matches the blood to Clyde Stevens. On the basis of this and associated evidence from the Stevens and Ellis residences, an arrest warrant is issued for William Ellis.

William is arrested in Utah and extradited to Illinois to stand trial. His lawyer files a motion to exclude evidence.

Complete a 1500-1750-word essay that addresses the following:

How does the 4th Amendment apply to police entry into a person’s home?

What is needed for police to obtain a warrant to search a home?

Under what circumstances can police enter a private residence without one?

Could police have entered Mary Ellis’s home legally without a warrant?

To what extent, if any, could police legally gather evidence from the Ellis home without a warrant?

If police conduct an illegal search, are they civilly liable for their actions?

A review of the Mincey v Arizona case will assist in the completion of this assignment.

Format your work consistent with APA guidelines and include a title and reference page. Cite a minimum of three reliable sources within the body of your paper using in-text citations where appropriate.

Define community-oriented policing (COP). Describe the pros and cons of COP. Provide a minimum of two cited examples of COP. Define problem-oriented policing (POP). Describe the pros and cons of POP.

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Week 7

Problem-Oriented Policing and Community Oriented Policing

Over the last several decades, police agencies have been working to gain the respect and the cooperation of the communities they serve. There are two main strategies police use: Problem-Oriented Policing and Community Oriented Policing.

Write an 800–1,050-word essay, include the following:

Define community-oriented policing (COP).

Describe the pros and cons of COP.

Provide a minimum of two cited examples of COP.

Define problem-oriented policing (POP).

Describe the pros and cons of POP.

Provide a minimum of two cited examples of POP.

Identify some of the challenges that police departments may face when attempting to implement COP and POP.

In your opinion, which would be more cost-effective and why?

Format your work consistent with APA guidelines and include a title and reference page. Cite a minimum of three reliable sources within the body of your paper using in-text citations where appropriate.