Search for a scholarly article from the Google Scholar that illustrates structural changes in the economy that has changed the production function or productivity growth in the U.S. Read the article thoroughly and develop a 500-word article summary.

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Changes in the production function or productivity growth in the U.S

Search for a scholarly article from the Google Scholar that illustrates structural changes in the economy that has changed the production function or productivity growth in the U.S. Read the article thoroughly and develop a 500-word article summary. Items that you should include in your summary response are output effects and returns to scale from the structural changes in the economy.

Do you think the policy or program to deal with this scarce resource will allow for more sustainability or not? What are your recommendations given all of the research you have done? Do you agree with the regulations/laws that have been proposed to help bring about sustainability?

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Environmental economics

Project
In this paper, you will be investigating your local area or state and identify one scarce resource. Identify an environmental policy or program you plan to examine in the paper that has been used to deal with this scarce resource. Make sure that the proposed topic has a sustainability component to it. Define the policy or program, discuss its importance/relevance, outline its scope and objectives, and identify the stakeholders that are in the project. Do you think the policy or program to deal with this scarce resource will allow for more sustainability or not? What are your recommendations given all of the research you have done? Do you agree with the regulations/laws that have been proposed to help bring about sustainability? This paper should be five pages in length, which does not include your title and reference page that should be in APA formatting. You will need to make sure that you have at least 5 academic sources in your paper that are clearly noted to help either support or refute your position. You will need to include either one graph or table in your paper to present the data you are working with.

Submit a three to five page paper; this does not include your title page nor your reference page. The project should address all questions listed above.

The project should be in APA Format and incorporate research and sources should be credited using APA format. Academic research should include text books, journals, articles and organizational resources.

Briefly explain in what way markets can fail and what kind of activities should be performed by the state to address these inefficiencies. Do governments respond to market failures to the same degree? Provide examples from different countries and time periods reported in journal articles, news stories or government reports.

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Public Sector Economics

Answer both questions. The answers should be 750 words for each question. Please provide correct citations for each resource where the examples are coming from.

Question 1

Government intervention in a market economy is justified by market failure. Briefly explain in what way markets can fail and what kind of activities should be performed by the state to address these inefficiencies. Do governments respond to market failures to the same degree? Provide examples from different countries and time periods reported in journal articles, news stories or government reports. Make sure you critically discuss each example in detail and provide your own critical overview.

Question 2:

In the case of a negative externality (for example, air pollution resulting from coal burning) what kind of government policies can be used to achieve the social optimum? Critically analyse and compare these policies. Use government reports, journal articles and news stories to support your answer.

Use regression analysis and other quantitative techniques, and economic tools to estimate a demand function for the selected firm or industry or a country.

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Managerial economics project

The Group Course Project will consist of an estimation and in-depth analysis of a demand function (or any other chosen function/topic) for one company or industry or one (or more) countries selected by the group. The team consisting of 4-5 students is expected to:

a. Either use readily made available data given in the folder titled “Ready to Use Data….” Under the BB tab “Term Project Resources” for a company, product/industry or a country (use this data and conduct regression analysis are the standard minimum expectation for grading given the time constraints). Alternatively collect relevant data and information for the firm (or industry or country) from primary sources (such as survey data or company annual reports or other publicly available secondary sources. (In the second case, see Extra-credit incentive structure in item#12 below).

b. Use regression analysis and other quantitative techniques, and economic tools to estimate a demand function (or a different function or topic) for the selected firm or industry or a country.

c. At the minimum, use the regression analysis, report and interpret the regression results, and make an assessment of estimated results related to the chosen topic, reach conclusions, and make recommendations for the chosen firm (or industry or country as the case may be) to improve the financial and economic performance and future direction of the firm (or industry or country).

d. The final report will have the following basic format:

Restate the topic proposal and provide references for the Research Paper that you are completing over several stages in this course.

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Research Paper: References Assignment Instructions

Overview

In this assignment, you will restate the topic proposal and provide references for the Research Paper that you are completing over several stages in this course. The references may change as you work through the rest of the Research Paper Assignment, but the references included here should demonstrate that you have sufficient scholarly resources to familiarize yourself with the basics of the topic and to make a good start toward writing the paper. Since this is an economics-based class, it is important that several of the sources be from economics literature.

Instructions

The references assignment should meet the following requirements:

  • No title page is required. Include your name and “Research Paper: References Assignment” at the top of the page.
  • The references listed here should include at least 5 scholarly references.
    • At least 3 of the references must be from economics literature.
    • While you may use older, classic references, at least 2 of your references should be of more recent scholarship (e.g., the last 20 years).
  • Include two or three sentences at the top of the page clearly stating the paper topic.
  • The references should be listed in APA style.

What are the effects of neoliberalism in Africa? Using the case study of Kenya, discuss the effects of neoliberal policies and in particular the structural adjustment programme. In your discussion, include how neoliberal policies are reflected today in Africa economies.

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Political economy.

Choose one of question from the above list.

Answer only “one”.
1. What are the effects of neoliberalism in Africa? Using the case study of Kenya, discuss the effects of neoliberal policies and in particular the structural adjustment
programme. In your discussion, include how neoliberal policies are reflected today in Africa economies.

You must answer each part of the question correctly. If you choose this question, please make sure you include the attached readings materials. They are mandatory.
plus other materials.

2. According to the Karl Marx “Capitalist system inherently contained the seeds of its own destruction” Using extensive research, discuss the above statement. Minimum 6600 words– maximum excluding footnotes.

Develop a market view which will then form the strategy for trading foreign currencies

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Foreign currencies trading

Develop a market view which will then form the strategy for trading foreign currencies.

Do lockdown policies have any effect on reducing the spread of Covid-19 in ASEAN countries? Which lockdown policies are more effective on reducing the spread of Covid-19 in ASEAN countries?

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Health Economics or Developmental economics

Abstract
In this research, we study the effect of different kinds of lockdown policies on the spread of Covid-19 in eleven ASEAN countries. This research result shows that there is evidence that the lockdown policies are effective in preventing the spread of Covid-19 virus. Most of the lockdown polices can help reduce the growth of cumulative confirmed cases. The results show that closing school is the most effective policy. Closing workplace and closing public transport are the second and third most effective policies. International controls with quarantining and banning some arrivals are the fourth most effective policies. Stay at home ordering and cancelling public events are the least lockdown policies in preventing the spread of Covid-19 pandemic. We also investigate the relationship between different lockdown policies on reducing the spread of virus. Our result shows that restriction on gatherings is necessary even if one of the following lockdown policies is issued: closing workplace, cancelling public events, stay at home requirement. The combination between restriction on gatherings and those policies can help reduce the growth of cumulative confirmed cases more. Moreover, the combination between internal movement restriction and international travel control with quarantining also create better impact on reducing the spread of Covid-19.

1 Introduction
Covid-19 began in China and then spread into other countries. It caused a pandemic that made a lot of damage to the health of people and the economy of countries all over the world. Governments have applied different policies to control the spread of this Covid-19 pandemic. Among those approaches were the lockdown policies. With lockdown policies, governments would like to decrease the social contacts between citizens to reduce the spread of virus. Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) include 11 countries in Southeast Asia: Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Timor-Leste and Vietnam. This region is next to China and is the home of 647 million people. Because this region is next to China, it was affected by the Covid-19 very soon. In ASEAN countries, the governments applied lockdown policies very soon with the intension to prevent the spread of this virus in their countries. With lockdown policies, a lot of people could not come to schools and workplace, and a lot of businesses went bankrupt. Therefore, it is necessary to do research to understand which lockdown policies are effective to prevent the spread of Covid-19.

2 Research questions
We would like to do this research to answer two following questions: Do lockdown policies have any effect on reducing the spread of Covid-19 in ASEAN countries? Which lockdown policies are more effective on reducing the spread of Covid-19 in ASEAN countries?

3 Institutional background
There are some previous studies about the effects of lockdown policies on Covid-19 pandemic. Flaxman et al., (2020) shows that lockdown policies have the effect on the increase of new infection and deaths across countries in the pandemic. Hatchett et al. (2007) shows that the policies issues by local governments across U.S. cities have effects on controlling the spread of Spanish 3 Influenza. Hartl et al. (2020) investigates the effects of shutdown policies on the spread of Covid-19 in Germany. They shows that the shutdown policies helped reduce the growth rate of Covid-19 in Germany by 48.2%. Harris and Jones (2020) investigate the effect of school closing on controlling the spread of Covid-19. Chinazzi et al. (2020) studies about the effect of travel restriction policy in the mainland of China.
This study shows that sustained 90% travel restrictions to and from mainland China only has modestly effect on the spread of Covid-19, unless it is combined with a 50% or higher reduction of transmission in the society. Kraemer et al. (2020) studies about the effect of human mobility and control measures on the spread of Covid-19 in China. This study shows that the control measures that China implemented really helped control the growth of pandemic. Maier & Brockmann (2020) shows that the control measures that government made before the lockdown have effect on controlling the spread of Covid-19 in China. Giordano et al. (2020) shows that the restrictive social distancing policy needs to be combined with the widespread testing and contact tracing in order to control the spread of Covid-19 virus.
There are some previous studies about the Covid-19 pandemic in ASEAN countries. Chong et al. (2020) studies about the economic impacts of Covid-19 pandemic on different ASEAN countries. They find out that slowing growth, the sluggish recovery of trade and the cross-country transmission of unemployment are the three problems that ASEAN countries have to face because of this pandemic. Djalante et al. (2020) examines the response of ASEAN countries on the pandemic. They examines media s tatements and policies from ASEAN member states and the ASEAN Secretariat to get information about the responses of those countries on Covid-19. In this study, they identify the gaps and opportunities of different government policy response to fight against the pandemic. Fauzi & Paiman (2020) reviews the policies issued by governments of ASEAN countries to identify their advantages and disadvantages. ASEAN includes 11 countries: Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Timor-Leste and Vietnam. This region is next to China and is one of the first places that was affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. Governments in those countries issued lockdown policies very soon to fight against. However, up to now there is no study about the effect of different lockdown policies on the spread of Covid-19 in ASEAN countries. Therefore, we would like to do this research to investigate about the effect of different lockdown policies on the spread of Covid-19 and to see which kinds of lockdown policies are more effective.

What are the distinctive features of the american capitalism ? Why do rich people like to waste money and show off their wealth ?

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Thorstein Veblen and the American School of institutionalism

What are the distinctive features of the american capitalism ?

Why do rich people like to waste money and show off their wealth ?

Answer the following questions using the following links and uploaded files

If Jane is not maximizing her utility, remembering the law of diminishing marginal utility, would she be better off to buy one less chicken sandwich and one more order of fries? You will need to enter a number for marginal utility, based upon the law of diminishing marginal utility, for an additional order of fries. Be sure to explain your reasoning and show your calculations.

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Unit 4 Assignment: Elasticity of Demand

General Instructions:

  1. Unless specified differently by your course instructor, save this assignment template to your computer with the following file naming format:

Course number_section number_last name_first name_unit number

Example: BU224_Section02_David_Alex_Unit1

  1. At the top of the template, insert the appropriate information: Your name, course number and section, and the date.
  2. Insert your answers in the appropriate space provided for the question. Your answers should
  3. follow current APA format with citations to your sources,
  4. include a list of references at the bottom of your last page,
  5. be in Standard English with correct spelling, punctuation, grammar, and style,
  6. be double-spaced,
  7. be formatted in Times New Roman,12-point, black font, and
  8. respond to questions in a thorough manner, providing specific examples of concepts, topics, definitions, and other elements asked for in the questions.
  9. Upload the completed assignment to the appropriate Dropbox.
  10. Any questions about the assignment or format should be directed to your course instructor.

 Assignment:

 In this assignment, you will focus on marginal utility, price elasticity of demand, and understanding the difference between price elasticity of demand and income elasticity of demand.

You subconsciously assign “scores” to what you are considering purchasing, based on the expected level of satisfaction (marginal utility) with that purchase. When making simultaneous pairs of purchases, again, you subconsciously compare the amount of satisfaction (marginal utility) that you will receive from the pair of purchases. To decide on the ideal combination of these two purchases, you expect that the last dollar you spend on each of the items will give us the same satisfaction per dollar (marginal utility per dollar). Further, you know that the MORE of an item that you get, the next one you get will give you LESS satisfaction (marginal utility) than the last one gave you (the law of diminishing marginal utility). Using what you have learned about marginal utility and marginal utility per dollar, answer the following questions.

Questions

  1. Jane has been working all day, missing both her breakfast and lunch. Finally able to leave work, after being required to work a couple of overtime hours, she is starving. Jane has $20 in her pocket, so she stops at a local fast food restaurant and orders a grilled chicken sandwich and an order of fries. As she sits down to eat them, a university student approaches her and tells her that she is doing a research project for her microeconomics course and would like to ask Jane a few quick questions. Jane agrees, and the student asks what “score” (marginal utility) from 1 to 100 would she give as her satisfaction level with the first sandwich and the first fries? After eating that order, Jane is still hungry and orders a second chicken sandwich and another order of fries. Again, the student asks Jane to give her new scores. Since Jane has not eaten all day, she is hungry enough to order a third round of food and again gives “scores” to the inquisitive student.

Below is the university student’s completed experiment tally sheet of Jane’s marginal utility “scores” and the calculation of her marginal utility per dollar, given that each sandwich costs $4.00, and each order of fries costs $2.00. Her budget is $20.

The student filled in the shaded cells based on Jane’s responses, then computed the values in the remaining cells. Using this information, answer the following questions.

Student’s completed experiment tally sheet. Available budget is $20.

Order of mu (score) from 1 to 100 Price of each

$4.00

  

 

Money spent on

 Order of mu (score) from 1 to 100 Price of each

$2.00

 Money spent on  

Total Money Spent

  

Total Budget Remaining
Chicken Sandwich mu mu/$ Chicken Sandwich Fries mu mu/$ Fries    
1st 100 25 $4.00 1st 50 25 $2.00 $6.00 $14.00
2nd 72 18 $4.00 2nd 20 10 $2.00 $12.00 $8.00
3rd 60 15 $4.00 3rd 6 3 $2.00 $18.00 $2.00
4th   4th  
Utility 232     Utility 76

Total spent on chicken sandwiches: $12

Total spent on fries: $6.00

Total money spent: $18.00

Total budget remaining: $2.00

Marginal utility per dollar for chicken sandwiches of the last item purchased: 15 mu/$

Marginal utility per dollar for fries of the last item purchased: 3 mu/$

Total utility for both: 308

 

  1. Is Jane maximizing her utility? Explain your reasoning and show any calculations.

 

  1. If Jane is not maximizing her utility, remembering the law of diminishing marginal utility, would she be better off to buy one less chicken sandwich and one more order of fries? You will need to enter a number for marginal utility, based upon the law of diminishing marginal utility, for an additional order of fries. Be sure to explain your reasoning and show your calculations.

 

  1. If Jane is not maximizing her utility with the original purchase combination, remembering the law of diminishing marginal utility, would she be better off buying just one more order of fries? You will need to enter a number for marginal utility, based upon the law of diminishing marginal utility, for an additional order of fries. Be sure to explain your reasoning and show your calculations.

 

  1. If Jane is not maximizing her utility with the original purchase, remembering the law of diminishing marginal utility, would she be better off buying one less order of fries and one more chicken sandwich? You will need to enter a number for marginal utility, based upon the law of diminishing marginal utility, for an additional chicken sandwich. Be sure to explain your reasoning and show your calculations.

 

  1. Remembering the learning activity in Unit 3, the Gondwanaland chairman of production reported that the gosum berry growers could meet a demand of 700 barrels of gosum berries per month at a price of $70 per barrel.

Then the growers were plagued with a gosum berry bug infestation that reduced output, causing production to fall to only 600 barrels. This resulted in a price increase to $84 per barrel. The following table shows the chairman’s report:

Month Monthly barrels of gosum berries demanded Price per barrel
June 700 $70
July 600 $84

 

  1. Using the midpoint method, show your work and calculate the price elasticity of demand for Gondwanaland gosum berries. Explain what this price elasticity of demand means?

 

  1. Complete the table below by calculating what the monthly total revenue is for June, what the monthly total revenue is for July, and the change in total monthly revenue for these two months. How have these numbers changed?

 

Month Monthly barrels of gosum berries demanded Price per barrel Monthly total revenue

(Enter Totals Below)
June 700 $70 (Enter monthly total revenue here)
July 600 $84 (Enter monthly total revenue here)
Change in monthly total revenue:

(Enter change in monthly total revenue here.)

 

  1. Using your answer to part a. above, how could you have predicted the change in monthly total revenue that you found in part b. above?

 

  1. The Gondwanaland chairman of production reported that the new Altair chariots (most modern, horse-drawn family chariot) had a PRICE elasticity of 3 and an INCOME elasticity of 2. The supply of these Altair chariots is elastic. Evaluate the following statements and identify whether each statement is true or false and explain how you used the appropriate elasticity to help you determine your answer.
  2. If there is a 20% increase in the price of the Altair chariot, Gondwanaland can predict the quantity demanded to fall by an astounding 60%.
  3. An increase in Gondwanaland consumers’ incomes will cause prices to rise, but the total quantity demanded will also increase.