What’s the impact of monetary and fiscal policy on international capital movements case study of China?

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The impact of monetary and fiscal policy on international capital movements case study of China

The practical part of the research uses the statistical analysis linear regression method to extract the relationship between the variables and to know the effect of the independent variables which are the exchange rate, the interest rate, and the volume of public expenditure on the dependent variable which is foreign direct investment using China as a case of study. This study will be conducted between 2005 and 2019.

Explain how microeconomics provides answers to this, outlining key insights from microeconomics theory on Choice under Uncertainty. How and why might an individual’s attitude to risk affect this decision?

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Intermediate Microeconomics

1. How do rational individuals decide what to buy?

a) Explain how microeconomics provides answers to this, outlining key insights from microeconomics theory on Rational Consumer Choice.

b) Why might optimal choices vary between individuals?

c) Why might optimal choices change over time?

With respect to parts b) and c), provide interesting illustrative example(s) to compare and contrast different outcomes under different scenarios.

2. How do individuals decide how much they are willing to pay for insurance?

a) Explain how microeconomics provides answers to this, outlining key insights from microeconomics theory on Choice under Uncertainty.

b) How and why might an individual’s attitude to risk affect this decision?

c) How and why might an individual’s life situation (e.g. age) affect this decision? With respect to parts b) and c), provide interesting illustrative example(s) to compare and contrast different outcomes under different scenarios.

3. How do firms decide the best combination of labor and capital in production planning?

a) Explain how microeconomics provides answers to this, outlining key insights from microeconomics theory on Production and Costs (in the long run).

b) Why might optimal use of capital and labor vary between firms?

c) Why might optimal use of capital and labor change if a new production process is invented?

With respect to parts b) and c), provide interesting illustrative example(s) to compare and contrast different outcomes under different scenarios.

Evaluate the nature and significance of external economic relations for China and India immediately before the emergence of European sea-borne trading links from c.1500. Discuss how the economies of these regions were affected by the expanding.

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External economic relations

Evaluate the nature and significance of external economic relations for China and India immediately before the emergence of European sea-borne trading links from c.1500. Discuss how the economies of these regions were affected by the expanding.

What was Microsoft’s market share of Intel-compatible PC operating system? Of all operating system, including those of Apply computers? What evidence did the court cite in claiming that Microsoft charged above-competitive prices (see “Microsoft’s Pricing Behavior”)?

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ECON Wk 5 Dis

In 2002 a U.S. court of appeals imposed remedies relating to a lower court’s findings that Microsoft had a monopoly in personal computer (PC) operating system and had maintained its monopoly through illegal actions.

At the U.S. Justice Department’s Web site, www.usdoj.gov,

Click on the Agencies on the top of the window,

Click on Antitrust Division and then on website

Click on Antitrust Case Filings

Find U.S. vs. Microsoft case filings.

Scroll down to District Court filings and find Findings of Fact

In the list of Findings of Fact find Court’s Findings of Fact (11/5/99).

In your initial response to the topic you have to answer all questions:

On what basis did the court conclude that Microsoft was a monopoly (see “Market Share”)?
What was Microsoft’s market share of Intel-compatible PC operating system? Of all operating system, including those of Apply computers?
What evidence did the court cite in claiming that Microsoft charged above-competitive prices (see “Microsoft’s Pricing Behavior”)?
Reflection – the students also should include a paragraph in the initial response in their own words reflecting on specifically what they learned from the assignment and how they think they could apply what they learned in the workplace or in everyday life.

Summarize the main point of the article in approximately two paragraphs. Do you agree or disagree with the main idea of this article. Explain why.

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Article assessment

This assessment deals with Microeconomics, so make sure that you know the concepts described before answering the questions.

Questions: (Use Word to type your answers in no more than a page with 1.5 spacing)

1) Summarize the main point of the article in approximately two paragraphs.

2) Do you agree or disagree with the main idea of this article. Explain why.

3) With fixed capital and variable labor, as long as there are diminishing marginal returns the marginal cost of production will be increasing. Now, from the point of view of a firm in a perfectly competitive market (say a farmer), what criterion do you think they will use to decide whether or not to replace workers with robots or machines in general? Be brief and concise using marginal analysis concepts.

How would you measure the extent to which public policy in a particular country is redistributive? How would you determine whether there is too much, too little or just about the right amount of redistribution in a particular country?

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Public policy

How would you measure the extent to which public policy in a particular country is redistribute? How would you determine whether there is too much, too little or just about the right amount of redistribution in a particular country?

What is your understanding of monopolistic competition and oligopoly? How do firms in each of these market structures determine prices for their products?

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Markets, Maximizers, and Efficiency

What is your understanding of monopolistic competition and oligopoly? How do firms in each of these market structures determine prices for their products? Provide at least one example of a firm operating in each of these market structures.

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ECO372-Assignment 3

1. Political Parties and Labor Market Outcomes: Evidence from US States [15 pts]

Questions
(a) Present the summary statistics (mean, standard deviation) for all of the variables in states and time periods in which a Democrat won the gubernatorial election relative to those in which the Republican gubernatorial candidate won the
election, for black and white individuals separately. Briefly characterize this population and interpret the results [2 pt].
[Hint: use regress command using these predetermined and outcome characteristics as dependent variables, using option “if black2==1”; cluster standard errors at the state level using “cluster(state2)” option]

(b) Generate a set of Regression Discontinuity plots – for Black and White
individuals separately – to show (a) the mean employment rate by win margin cell (using the margin of victory grouping cells (marginggg) as the running variable, as well as (b) the fit of the relationship between group–specific employment rates and the running variable and potential discontinuity in states and time periods in which a Democract gubernatorial candidate won the election, using polynomial models. Interpret the results. [3 pts] [Hints: use collapse command, with option “by(marginggg black2) cw”. After running regressions on collapsed data and using the predict command to generate fits of the regression models, use the following graph command to generate each figure: twoway (scatter y x if z==1, xline(c_o)) (line y_hat x if z==1)]

(c) Using the larger dataset made available for the assignment, generate estimates of the discontinuity in employment rates of Black individuals using linear, quadratic, and cubic polynomial models on the running variable (margin of victory, or marginvvv), including state and year fixed effects. Assess the robustness of the estimates with and without predetermined individual controls (e.g., gender, age, education, marital status). Replicate the empirical exercise for White individuals. Interpret the results. [5 pts] [Hint: Estimate OLS regression models with i.state2 and i.year2 fixed effects, cluster standard errors at the state2 level]

(d) Generate analogous RD estimates using the local polynomial RD estimation using the Calonico, Cattaneo and Titiunik (2016) optimal bandwidth and robust (bias–corrected) confidence intervals procedure, for Black and White individuals separately. Interpret the results. [2 pts] [Hint: use rdrobust command using vce(cluster state2) option]

(e) Estimate the balance of predetermined covariates around the discontinuity as tests of the RDD continuity assumption using the available data, for Black and White individuals separately. For simplicity, you can use the Calonico, Cattaneo, and Titiunik (2016) rdrobust procedure. Interpret the results. What other tests could be conducted if you had access to the raw individual–level data? [3 pts]

(f) Bonus question: using the regression models in part (1c), test whether the election outcome at the discontinuity has statistically significantly different effects for Black and White individuals in these states. [No hints] [Bonus: 3 pts]

 

2. Vulnerability in the Brazil Semi–Arid and Political Clientelism

Questions
(a) Estimate the OLS relationship between cistern ownership and clientelist private goods requests of citizens to politicians, with and without the inclusion of municipality fixed effects (ImunID2–ImunID40). Interpret the results. [1 pt]. [Hint: use regress command; cluster standard errors at the neighborhood cluster level using “cluster(clusters)” option]


(b) Estimate the effect of random assignment to the treatment group on (a) the probability of receiving a cistern (first–stage) , as well as on (b) the probability of making private requests to political representatives during the electoral period
(reduced form), including municipality fixed effects (ImunID2–ImunID40) Interpret the results. [2 pts]
[Hint: use regress command; cluster standard errors at the neighborhood cluster level using “cluster(clusters)” option]

(c) Estimate the effect of receiving a cistern on private requests exploiting the random assignment to the treatment group as an instrumental variable for cistern ownership, , including municipality fixed effects (ImunID2–ImunID40) Interpret the results. How does this IV estimate relate to the estimates from question b above? [4 pts] [Hint: use ivregress command; cluster standard errors at the neighborhood cluster level using “vce(cluster clusters)” option]

During the pandemic, many people worked from home and decreased activities in the economy. Do you believe this caused an increase in GDP or a decrease? Explain how you reached this conclusion.

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Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

“GDP measures the market value of the goods and services a nation produces. Unpaid work that people do for themselves and their families isn’t traded in the marketplace, so there are no transactions to track. Surveys asking people how they spend their time can be used to estimate household production. But the United States only began collecting these data annually in 2003, and many countries have never done a nationally representative survey. The lack of reliable data influenced the decision to leave household production out of GDP in the internationally accepted guidelines for national accounting.“ https://www.bea.gov/help/faq/1297

In this threaded discussion, complete the following:

Begin your discussion with a definition of Gross Domestic Product. Be sure to include a definition of GDP and a statement of the size of GDP in the most recent year for the United States.
Locate and incorporate outside research that gives evidence and explanation of the value of home production that is not included in GDP. Some areas to research could include watching your own children compared to hiring someone, doing your own lawn care, fixing your own car, doing your own housework, etc.
During the pandemic, many people worked from home and decreased activities in the economy. Do you believe this caused an increase in GDP or a decrease? Explain how you reached this conclusion.
Integrate biblical insights into your discussion thread. In what way does scripture influence our decision to work, either in the marketplace or in home production?

What are the two things the Fed is doing that you think are going to be most helpful? Why? Do you think the Fed is doing enough? Explain. Are you concerned that the Fed is doing too much? Explain.

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Federal Reserve

Over the past year the Federal Reserve has taken a series of actions to ameliorate some of the economic consequences of the pandemic. These are discussed in an updated report from the Brookings Institute that can be found at this link

Read the report and then respond to these questions:

What are the two things the Fed is doing that you think are going to be most helpful? Why?

Do you think the Fed is doing enough? Explain.

Are you concerned that the Fed is doing too much? Explain.