Do you think people have a right to die if they are in great pain and diagnosed with a terminal illness? What is the difference between euthanasia and physician assisted suicide?

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In preparing for this discussion please also consider the following additional facts:

In Australia, the Northern Territory became the first state in the world to legalize voluntary active euthanasia under the Rights of the Terminally Ill Act of 1995. However, in 1997 their Federal Parliament overturned this legislation.

In the Netherlands, euthanasia has been legalized by the Dutch Parliament since 2001.

In 2002, Belgium also legalized physician-assisted suicide.

In the U.S., Oregon residents passed the Death with Dignity Act legalizing physician-assisted suicide in 1994.

  • Do you think people have a right to die if they are in great pain and diagnosed with a terminal illness?
  • What is the difference between euthanasia and physician assisted suicide?
  • Should euthanasia be legal or illegal?
  • Should physician-assisted suicide be legal or illegal?

When talking about obesity many will say that obesity is primarily genetic and the majority of those who obese cannot help it. However others argue that if the high levels of obesity were primarily caused by genetics then this should be a problem that has always existed. Yet as stated in the above article just 30 years ago there was a much smaller percentage of people who were obese.

  • What is your perspective on the cause of obesity for the large majority of those who are facing this problem?
  • Whether you believe that the primary cause of obesity is genetics or lifestyle what has happened in our society since 1980 that has resulted in
    doubled or tripled rates of obesity in adults and children?
  • What can be done in your own community to turn the obesity trend around? What kind of program might you create in this effort to bring health back
    to our society?
  • What advice would you give to a friend coping with a weight issue to help them bring about long term change?
  • Should high schools be able to dispense contraceptives to students? Why or why not?
  • What cognitive and emotional developmental issues are at play when tweens and teens make the decision to have sex?
  • Should school address these issues if they are going to give our contraceptives? If so how should they do this?
  • What role should parents play in sex education, including pregnancy and HIV?
  • Support your answer with a solution to the societal problem.

 

Explain which part of the brain you would scan. What are the functions of that part of the brain and how does it fit in your research question.

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Title of proposal: for this section, create a title that explains something important about your proposed research study. For example, the title of the assignment is “Electric Brain” because we are studying how the brain generates and uses electricity. We are also studying how that electricity is measured by imaging tools.

Research Question: Have you ever wondered if thinking about ice cream activates a different part of the brain than when you eat it? Researchers develop questions about something that they notice in their world. They wonder about certain phenomenon or patterns. Research questions come from that wonder. So, write down some things that you have wondered about that relates to your brain and action.

Then, go to the University library and use any of the American Psychological Association journals to read about studies that relate to the brain and thinking or behaving. You might read about how autistic children’s brains work in learning or wonder about memory problems in clients diagnosed with alcoholism. Be sure that your studies use some form of brain imaging. Find two for this Assignment and make note of the references.

Finally, write one main research question that is specific and explain (in the same section) what interests you about this question.

Part of the brain studied: In this area, explain which part of the brain you would scan (to make an image). What are the functions of that part of the brain and how does it fit in your research question. For example, if we use the example of the difference between thinking about and eating ice cream, I would scan the olfactory (smell), gustatory (taste), temporal lobe (long-term memory), and prefrontal cortex (advanced thinking skills)

Explain each area and how they function so that it is clear how these parts of the brain fit with the research question.

Which physiological symptoms have you experienced in the recent past? If none, what are the possible short-term health effects? What are the possible long-term health effects?

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Stress: in the online text box or attached as a separate document you must answer the following questions:
In which phase(s) do you have the most boxes checked? What are your most common triggers for your stress? Be specific!
Which physiological symptoms have you experienced in the recent past? If none, what are the possible short-term health effects?
What are the possible long-term health effects?
In three to four sentences, describe how poor stress management can lead to cardiovascular disease. At the end of your assignment reference your credible source using APA formatting.
Create a SMART goal that will help you avoid your stressors and/or alleviate their symptoms.
Sleep: In the online text box or attached as a separate document you must answer the following questions:
Identify any possible contributors that prevent you from getting seven or eight hours of sleep per night.
What are the short-term health effects you are or could possibly experience from this lack of sleep?
What are the possible long-term health effects?
In three to four sentences, describe how can lack of sleep lead to cardiovascular disease.

Compare and contrast two different patient-centered health information technologies. What are their benefits, drawbacks, can they improve quality healthcare, do they engage patients more in their healthcare?

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Assignment you are to search the internet for different patient-centered health information technologies (i.e patient portals, telehealth, mHealth). Compare and contrast two different patient-centered health information technologies. What are their benefits, drawbacks, can they improve quality healthcare, do they engage patients more in their healthcare? Make sure to address your thoughts on whether consumers will engage using these tools (technologies) and how can we better educate patients about these tools, along with your findings and conclusions.

Compare and contrast two different patient-centered health information technologies. What are their benefits, drawbacks, can they improve quality healthcare, do they engage patients more in their healthcare?

/in /by

Assignment you are to search the internet for different patient-centered health information technologies (i.e patient portals, telehealth, mHealth). Compare and contrast two different patient-centered health information technologies. What are their benefits, drawbacks, can they improve quality healthcare, do they engage patients more in their healthcare? Make sure to address your thoughts on whether consumers will engage using these tools (technologies) and how can we better educate patients about these tools, along with your findings and conclusions.

How do you address the problems of flat nipples or pendulous breasts? What are the signs and symptoms of mastitis?

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Describe the 3 common positions.
How can mom tell the baby is getting enough milk over the course of 2 days?
How do you address the problems of flat nipples or pendulous breasts?
What are the signs and symptoms of mastitis?

APA formatting required (abstract not required.)
a. Title Page
b. Reference Page
c. Running Head
d. Page Numbers

What does the value of the F statistic tell you? Do you accept or reject the null hypothesis?

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Overview

This competency introduces a number of tests which are used to compare groups. To determine which test to use, you must know the data distribution and type of data collected. All of the statistical tests can be performed using Excel. There are several resources accompanying this competency. Each concept is covered from a number of different perspectives to help you gain a thorough understanding.

One-way ANOVA Instructions

You’ve been asked to see whether there is a significant difference in rates of dehydration upon admission for patients 75 years and older (column HS) for Alabama, Georgia, and Louisiana.  State your null and alternative hypotheses. Next, calculate the Sum of squares, squares within groups, squares between groups, and F statistic by hand. Now, use the ANOVA function within Excel for the calculation. What does the value of the F statistic tell you? Do you accept or reject the null hypothesis?

You will submit an Excel sheet and a Word document.

Resources

Introductory Statistics Part 13 Introduction

https://openstax.org/books/introductory-statistics/pages/13-introduction                                                                                                                                                                                                            How To Calculate and Understand Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) F Test.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-yQb_ZJnFXw&t=178s

 

How to Calculate ANOVA with Excel (Analysis of Variance)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ke9ttUj7AQc&t=466s

 

Excel – One-Way ANOVA Analysis Toolpack

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nmHFFFpOVZs&t=55s

GraphPad Statistics Guide

https://www.graphpad.com/guides/prism/7/statistics/f_ratio_and_anova_table_(one-way_anova).htm

Assess the appropriateness of the frequency or infrequency of external quality assessment samples for quality assurance of laboratories.

/in /by

One of the main quality assessment methods in a medical laboratory is External Quality Assessment schemes (EQA). The leading EQA provider in the UK is the UK NEQAS (the United Kingdom National External Quality Assessment Service) that provides EQA schemes, particularly in laboratories and related disciplines across the UK. EQA use in describing a method that facilitates the comparison of laboratory testing quality to an outside laboratory source. Participation in EQA programs provides valuable information that allows for the comparison of results and performance among various test sites. EQA provides advance warnings for any systemic problems related to operations or kits. It additionally includes evidence about testing quality and indicates areas which require improvement. EQA assists in ensuring that customers, including health authorities, patients and physicians that a laboratory is capable of producing reliable results. EQA participation is essential in helping the evaluation of the reliability of materials, methods and equipment along with evaluation and monitoring training impact. There are Several EQA methods or processes are commonly used. These include:  Proficiency testing—external provider sends unknown samples for testing to a set of laboratories, and the results of all laboratories are analysed, compared and reported to the laboratories. Unknown sample, which is External Quality Control Sample sending by an external provider. Chemical stability of control sample molecules is a matter of great concern as it affects the accuracy and efficacy of the test. The requirement of stability testing data to understand how the quality of a control substance and product changes with time under the influence of various factors. Knowledge of the stability of the molecule helps in selecting proper formulation and package as well as providing adequate storage conditions and shelf life, which is essential for regulatory documentation. The stability of sample does not mean “fix” or “not likely change”, but it means “controlled and acceptable change”. Stability testing is performed for the welfare of the patient and to protect the reputation of the producer, as a requirement of regulatory agencies to provide data that may be of value in formulation of other product.

Forced degradation can be studied to determine the stability of the molecule, and it is a process that involves degradation of sample control products and control substances at conditions more severe than accelerated conditions and thus generates degradation products. Although forced degradation studies are a regulatory requirement and scientific necessity during control or test development, it is not considered as a requirement for a formal stability program. Such application is expected to contain a “full description of the sample substance including its physical and chemical characteristics and stability as well; such specifications and analytical methods are necessary to assure the identity, strength, quality, purity and bioavailability of control product and stability data with a proposed expiration date.This review provides a proposal on the literature of control sample stability and its application for the development of the frequency. Accordingly, the purpose of this write-up is to suggest a proper frequency for the EQA sample that should meet the quality requirements. Some other aspects, like suitability of monthly or quarterly frequency of biochemistry analytes, should be covered.

The discussion also touches upon various critical issues, such as the cost of the EQA scheme and how the proper frequency can play a role on the budget which are important with respect to the development of quality.

 

What is the purpose of the project?

1- Evaluate the stability of external quality control sample which is distributed by an external quality assessment laboratory.

2- Assess the appropriateness of the frequency or infrequency of external quality assessment samples for quality assurance of laboratories.

3- Determine the effect of the frequency of EQA and evaluate of performance may have on patient result accuracy and reliability.

4-Detect the area of improvement and the impact of frequency on laboratory performance which will make beneficial to lab result in term of quality and reliable service.

OBJECTIVE OF STABILITY STUDIES

Stability study is demonstrating the shelf life and storage condition of the control product

-To provide evidence from the literature on how much quality of a control sample with time under the influence of the variety of environmental factor and storage condition such as temperature, humidity and light.

-The study can also provide information about the degradation pathway of

products that could form during storage.

– Demonstrate the stability indicating the power of the analytical procedures applied.

What are the planned or desired outcomes?

– Evaluate the stability of the EQA sample.

– Evaluate the accuracy of the controls upon stability-evaluate the frequency or infrequency of some laboratory analytical external quality assessment send out to laboratories for analysis based on stability of EQA sample.
– Detect the area of improvement and the impact of frequency on laboratory performance.
-Suggest a proper frequency for the EQA sample depend on the control stability

Evaluate the stability of external quality control sample which is distributed by an external quality assessment laboratory.

/in /by

 Project Title:

literature review of stability and frequency of quality control samples (12000 words

Brief:

One of the main quality assessment methods in a medical laboratory is External Quality Assessment schemes (EQA). The leading EQA provider in the UK is the UK NEQAS (the United Kingdom National External Quality Assessment Service) that provides EQA schemes, particularly in laboratories and related disciplines across the UK. EQA use in describing a method that facilitates the comparison of laboratory testing quality to an outside laboratory source. Participation in EQA programs provides valuable information that allows for the comparison of results and performance among various test sites. EQA provides advance warnings for any systemic problems related to operations or kits. It additionally includes evidence about testing quality and indicates areas which require improvement. EQA assists in ensuring that customers, including health authorities, patients and physicians that a laboratory is capable of producing reliable results. EQA participation is essential in helping the evaluation of the reliability of materials, methods and equipment along with evaluation and monitoring training impact. There are Several EQA methods or processes are commonly used. These include:  Proficiency testing—external provider sends unknown samples for testing to a set of laboratories, and the results of all laboratories are analysed, compared and reported to the laboratories. Unknown sample, which is External Quality Control Sample sending by an external provider. Chemical stability of control sample molecules is a matter of great concern as it affects the accuracy and efficacy of the test. The requirement of stability testing data to understand how the quality of a control substance and product changes with time under the influence of various factors. Knowledge of the stability of the molecule helps in selecting proper formulation and package as well as providing adequate storage conditions and shelf life, which is essential for regulatory documentation. The stability of sample does not mean “fix” or “not likely change”, but it means “controlled and acceptable change”. Stability testing is performed for the welfare of the patient and to protect the reputation of the producer, as a requirement of regulatory agencies to provide data that may be of value in formulation of other product.

Forced degradation can be studied to determine the stability of the molecule, and it is a process that involves degradation of sample control products and control substances at conditions more severe than accelerated conditions and thus generates degradation products. Although forced degradation studies are a regulatory requirement and scientific necessity during control or test development, it is not considered as a requirement for a formal stability program. Such application is expected to contain a “full description of the sample substance including its physical and chemical characteristics and stability as well; such specifications and analytical methods are necessary to assure the identity, strength, quality, purity and bioavailability of control product and stability data with a proposed expiration date.This review provides a proposal on the literature of control sample stability and its application for the development of the frequency. Accordingly, the purpose of this write-up is to suggest a proper frequency for the EQA sample that should meet the quality requirements. Some other aspects, like suitability of monthly or quarterly frequency of biochemistry analytes, should be covered.

The discussion also touches upon various critical issues, such as the cost of the EQA scheme and how the proper frequency can play a role on the budget which are important with respect to the development of quality.

 

What is the purpose of the project?

1- evaluate the stability of external quality control sample which is distributed by an external quality assessment laboratory.

2- assess the appropriateness of the frequency or infrequency of external quality assessment samples for quality assurance of laboratories.

3- determine the effect of the frequency of EQA and evaluate of performance may have on patient result accuracy and reliability.

4-detect the area of improvement and the impact of frequency on laboratory performance which will make beneficial to lab result in term of quality and reliable service.

OBJECTIVE OF STABILITY STUDIES

Stability study is demonstrating the shelf life and storage condition of the control product

-to provide evidence from the literature on how much quality of a control sample with time under the influence of the variety of environmental factor and storage condition such as temperature, humidity and light.

-The study can also provide information about the degradation pathway of

products that could form during storage.

– demonstrate the stability indicating the power of the analytical procedures applied.

What are the planned or desired outcomes?

– evaluate the stability of the EQA sample.

– evaluate the accuracy of the controls upon stability-evaluate the frequency or infrequency of some laboratory analytical external quality assessment send out to laboratories for analysis based on stability of EQA sample
– detect the area of improvement and the impact of frequency on laboratory performance.
-suggest a proper frequency for the EQA sample depend on the control stability

What does the value of the F statistic tell you? Do you accept or reject the null hypothesis?

/in /by

Overview

This competency introduces a number of tests which are used to compare groups. To determine which test to use, you must know the data distribution and type of data collected. All of the statistical tests can be performed using Excel. There are several resources accompanying this competency. Each concept is covered from a number of different perspectives to help you gain a thorough understanding.

One-way ANOVA Instructions

You’ve been asked to see whether there is a significant difference in rates of dehydration upon admission for patients 75 years and older (column HS) for Alabama, Georgia, and Louisiana.  State your null and alternative hypotheses. Next, calculate the Sum of squares, squares within groups, squares between groups, and F statistic by hand. Now, use the ANOVA function within Excel for the calculation. What does the value of the F statistic tell you? Do you accept or reject the null hypothesis?

You will submit an Excel sheet and a Word document.

Resources

Introductory Statistics Part 13 Introduction

https://openstax.org/books/introductory-statistics/pages/13-introduction                                                                                                                                                                                                            How To Calculate and Understand Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) F Test.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-yQb_ZJnFXw&t=178s

 

How to Calculate ANOVA with Excel (Analysis of Variance)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ke9ttUj7AQc&t=466s

 

Excel – One-Way ANOVA Analysis Toolpack

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nmHFFFpOVZs&t=55s

GraphPad Statistics Guide

https://www.graphpad.com/guides/prism/7/statistics/f_ratio_and_anova_table_(one-way_anova).htm