What preconceived thoughts did you have coming into the course regarding the care and treatment of children, and what has possibly changed for you after taking this class?

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Course: FNP Pediatric Management

The sole assignment for this week is to complete a reflection on how you might plan to apply the content in this course for the care of pediatric patients and their families as a family nurse practitioner. What preconceived thoughts did you have coming into the course regarding the care and treatment of children, and what has possibly changed for you after taking this class? The purpose of this assignment is not to evaluate the course but, rather, it is a chance to explore what you might be utilizing in your practice as you advance in your role as a family nurse practitioner.

Your reflection should include at least two examples that adds value to and demonstrates the application of the Primary Care Pediatric Management for the Family Nurse Practitioner course content. Complete the assignment in a word document. Your reflection should be over 500 words.

 

 

Evaluate how Maryland is going about meeting these goals using this model. Asses how they are performing in regard to quality and cost in regard to other parts of the nation NOT using the model.

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Evaluation and Comparison of Maryland’s Payer System to other States

Maryland has three goals for this system:

  • Equity
  • Community
  • Value

In an APA 7th edition formatted paper, that is no more than 8 pages long (not including the cover page and Reference page)

Using the attachments provided, answer the following below

1. Evaluate how Maryland is going about meeting these goals using this model.

2. Asses how they are performing in regard to quality and cost in regard to other parts of the nation NOT using the model.

How does organizational structure influence the strategies an organization develops? Why is there no optimal structure? Could the three levels of an organization—corporate, business unit, and functional unit—each have a different organizational structure? Why or why not?

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Discussion Post

Read chapters 10 and 11 then answer the following questions:

1. How does organizational structure influence the strategies an organization develops?
2. Why is there no optimal structure?
3. Could the three levels of an organization—corporate, business unit, and functional unit—each have a different organizational structure? Why or why not?
4. What are the corporate office’s key concerns in creating and implementing strategy? Why?

Chapter 10
Strategic plans guide organizations from their existing state to their ideal state (vision). Environmental analyses inform an organization about its existing position and reveal the gap between its existing and ideal positions. Accurate information and effective communication are critical to formulating and maintaining strategic direction. Organizations that fail to appropriately engage their key stakeholders and align perceptions may find that their strategic efforts derail, resulting in conflict and wasted effort.

Strategic priorities are key initiatives that drive achievement of the mission and vision. From these priorities, goals and objectives are formed. Goals and objectives need to be specific, measurable, attainable, relevant to the strategic direction, and tied to time frames.

To facilitate the development of goals and objectives, many organizations institute project charters. These documents elaborate on the scope, outcomes, resource needs, participants, and processes involved. They are especially useful when an organization has many complex, interactive projects to manage.

While strategic planning can be organized in various ways, most organizations assign responsibility for coordinating the strategic planning process to an individual or a department. The duties of this person (unit) can be expanded in smaller organizations to include public relations, communications, and business development. Organizations with boards may designate strategy oversight to a strategic planning subcommittee and use task forces and advisory groups to obtain information from key stakeholders and constituencies.

The strategic planning process generally occurs annually. Organizations commonly set specific time frames for the main components of planning, including the environmental analyses, strategy formulation, goal formation, and implementation. Effective boards spend a significant amount of their time discussing strategic issues.

Marketing plans are derived from strategic plans. The mission, vision, environmental analyses, and strategic goals inform the content of marketing plans. Marketing plans segment the market, target desired customer groups, and position the organization’s products and services as distinct from competitors’ products and services. Marketing plans should be monitored and updated periodically.

Chapter 11
Business plans are tools that support and organize strategic thinking. They differ from strategic plans in that they typically focus on a specific proposal, a line of business, or an innovative concept. Organizations may create multiple business plans to carry out a strategic plan’s goals and objectives. Business plans can be used to ascertain the feasibility of a proposal, obtain funding, or establish monitoring metrics to manage projects better.

The components of a business plan vary according to the issues it addresses and the context. Generally, business plans contain an executive summary; a market analysis; a description of the organization, including its management and governance; marketing and sales strategies; an explanation of the proposed service or product line; funding requests; company financials; and other related documentation. Business plans encourage disciplined thought and provide a mechanism for carrying out strategic decisions.

Make the presentation of your business plan professional. Create a plan that is concise, realistic, and meaningful. Use good visuals that help tell your story and better inform the reader. Ensure that your business plan is creative and stands out.

Textbook:
Walston, S. (2018). Strategic healthcare management: Planning and execution (2nd ed.). Health Administration Press.

Create a 2-4 page plan proposal for an interprofessional team to collaborate and work toward driving improvements in the organizational issue you identified in the second assessment.

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Interdisciplinary plan proposal

For this assessment you will create a 2-4 page plan proposal for an interprofessional team to collaborate and work toward driving improvements in the organizational issue you identified in the second assessment.

The health care industry is always striving to improve patient outcomes and attain organizational goals. Nurses can play a critical role in achieving these goals; one way to encourage nurse participation in larger organizational efforts is to create a shared vision and team goals (Mulvale et al., 2016). Participation in interdisciplinary teams can also offer nurses opportunities to share their expertise and leadership skills, fostering a sense of ownership and collegiality.

You are encouraged to complete the Budgeting for Nurses activity before you develop the plan proposal. The activity consists of seven questions that will allow you the opportunity to check your knowledge of budgeting basics and as well as the value of financial resource management. The information gained from completing this formative will promote success with the Interdisciplinary Plan Proposal. Completing this activity also demonstrates your engagement in the course, requires just a few minutes of your time, and is not graded.

Demonstration of Proficiency

Competency 1: Explain strategies for managing human and financial resources to promote organizational health.
Explain organizational resources, including a financial budget, needed for the plan to be a success and the impacts on those resources if nothing is done, related to the improvements sought by the plan.

Competency 2: Explain how interdisciplinary collaboration can be used to achieve desired patient and systems outcomes.
Describe an objective and predictions for an evidence-based interdisciplinary plan to achieve a specific objective related to improving patient or organizational outcomes.
Explain the collaboration needed by an interdisciplinary team to improve the likelihood of achieving the plan’s objective. Include best practices of interdisciplinary collaboration from the literature.

Competency 4: Explain how change management theories and leadership strategies can enable interdisciplinary teams to achieve specific organizational goals.
Explain a change theory and a leadership strategy, supported by relevant evidence, that are most likely to help an interdisciplinary team succeed in collaborating and implementing, or creating buy-in for, the project plan.

Competency 5: Apply professional, scholarly, evidence-based communication strategies to impact patient, interdisciplinary team, and systems outcomes.
Organize content so ideas flow logically with smooth transitions; contains few errors in grammar/punctuation, word choice, and spelling.

Apply APA formatting to in-text citations and references, exhibiting nearly flawless adherence to APA format. This assessment will allow you to describe a plan proposal that includes an analysis of best practices of interprofessional collaboration, change theory, leadership strategies, and organizational resources with a financial budget that can be used to solve the problem identified through the interview you conducted in the prior assessment.

Scenario

Having reviewed the information gleaned from your professional interview and identified the issue, you will determine and present an objective for an interdisciplinary intervention to address the issue.

Note: You will not be expected to implement the plan during this course. However, the plan should be evidence-based and realistic within the context of the issue and your interviewee’s organization.

Instructions

For this assessment, use the context of the organization where you conducted your interview to develop a viable plan for an interdisciplinary team to address the issue you identified. Define a specific patient or organizational outcome or objective based on the information gathered in your interview.

The goal of this assessment is to clearly lay out the improvement objective for your planned interdisciplinary intervention of the issue you identified. Additionally, be sure to further build on the leadership, change, and collaboration research you completed in the previous assessment. Look for specific, real-world ways in which those strategies and best practices could be applied to encourage buy-in for the plan or facilitate the implementation of the plan for the best possible outcome.

Using the Interdisciplinary Plan Proposal Template [DOCX] will help you stay organized and concise. As you complete each section of the template, make sure you apply APA format to in-text citations for the evidence and best practices that inform your plan, as well as the reference list at the end.

Additionally, be sure that your plan addresses the following, which corresponds to the grading criteria in the scoring guide. Please study the scoring guide carefully so you understand what is needed for a distinguished score.

Describe an objective and predictions for an evidence-based interdisciplinary plan to achieve a specific goal related to improving patient or organizational outcomes.
Explain a change theory and a leadership strategy, supported by relevant evidence, that is most likely to help an interdisciplinary team succeed in collaborating and implementing, or creating buy-in for, the project plan.
Explain the collaboration needed by an interdisciplinary team to improve the likelihood of achieving the plan’s objective. Include best practices of interdisciplinary collaboration from the literature.
Explain organizational resources, including a financial budget, needed for the plan to succeed and the impacts on those resources if the improvements described in the plan are not made.
Communicate the interdisciplinary plan, with writing that is clear, logically organized, and professional, with correct grammar and spelling, using current APA style.

Additional Requirements

Length of submission: Use the provided template. Remember that part of this assessment is to make the plan easy to understand and use, so it is critical that you are clear and concise. Most submissions will be 2 to 4 pages in length. Be sure to include a reference page at the end of the plan.
Number of references: Cite a minimum of 3 sources of scholarly or professional evidence that support your central ideas. Resources should be no more than 5 years old.
APA formatting: Make sure that in-text citations and reference list follow current APA style.

What are some of the public health laws that have been enacted to address obesity in this country? What about in our home state of California?

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 Adult and childhood obesity

This assignment will be submitted to Turnitin®.
INSTRUCTIONS
Research has shown that there is an increased prevalence of adult and childhood obesity in Black and Latino populations in this country. What factors are contributing to this disparity?

http://www.ncsl.org/research/health/childhood-obesity-legislation-2013.aspx What are some of the public health laws that have been enacted to address obesity in this country? What about in our home state of California?

**Minimum of 500 words count (APA)

 

Determine the effects of structural racism in public health for people of color. Investigate how racism drives health disparities and inequalities in the U.S.

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Should the United States declare structural racism as a public health crisis?

How much would it cost for a 20-page research paper on this topic, at least 35 references (mostly current journal articles; no more than five years old), and at least 3-5 graphs/charts or tables in APA format?

Of course, it would need to include an abstract, key words, an Introduction (background, research questions, hypothesis), Literature Review, Methods, Findings, Interpretation, and a conclusion. The writer must be proficient in the area of public health (need to include a few public health concepts/theories). Can this be accomplished in 2 weeks? I have a lot of articles I can share.

Below is the research proposal
Structural Racism as a Public Health Crisis (I am open in terms of a title)

The negative impact of racism on minority ethnic groups is undeniable. In modern society, poor health outcomes, financial instability, and homelessness are higher in racial or ethnic minority groups than in their counterparts. For these reasons, various states have declared racism a public health issue, hoping it is the next step to addressing existing health inequalities. Nevertheless, critics believe such declarations are of no significance and only statements with no reasonable action. This proposal briefly highlights that to receive the attention needed and improve the health of racial minorities, society must recognize racism as a public health crisis.

Background

Racism has been identified as a significant health inequality in the United States public health sector. A study by Ingram and Wallace (2019) revealed strong associations between experiences of racism and depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, and other negative implications on physical health. Racism in the public health domain was more evident during the Covid-19 period when communities of color lacked access to drugs and oxygen essential for the fight against the virus (Hardeman et al., 2018). The increase in mortality and morbidity rates among racial minorities due to the inaccessibility of healthcare services coupled with the increased police brutality has resulted in various State and municipal administrations and health groups in the country acknowledging racism as a significant issue to the country’s health sector. According to Yearby et al. (2020), as of July 30, 2020, approximately 44 counties and 88 cities in the United States had recognized racism as a public health crisis, with most adopted after recent episodes of police violence against African Americans and other minority groups. It is a great initiative, but several skeptics have emerged with the notion that these declarations will not result in any reasonable action. Therefore, the question remains as to whether or not such interventions will solve the problem and improve the well-being of racial minorities.

Extensive statistical data provides evidence of racism’s negative impact on minority and ethnic groups in the United States. Mendez et al. (2021) explain that racism is referenced as a major source of racial health inequalities in the United States. Recent events have revealed the depths of systematic racism in the U.S., with high-profile killings by police officers causing international and national protests (Khazanchi et al., 2020). Local state and national leaders and healthcare organizations have affirmed racism as a public health crisis (Andrews, 2021). Research reveals that racism subtly creates socioeconomic issues such as poor housing, inadequate education, unemployment, and judicial bias (Khazanchi et al., 2020). These factors influence the predisposition of people of color to healthcare problems such as diabetes, hypertension, asthma, mental health problem, maternal mortality, heat diseases, and stress (Mendez et al., 2021). Along with social health determinants, the named factors drive unavoidable and unfair healthcare inequalities, causing premature deaths and diseases. The Covid-19 pandemic also unearthed the public health issues influenced by racism (Andrews, 2021; Mendez et al., 2021). People of color had inequitable access to care, treatment, testing, and health insurance, along with disproportionate underlying health problems compared to other populations (Khazanchi et al., 2020).

The negative impact of racism on minority ethnic groups is undeniable. In modern society, poor health outcomes, financial instability, and homelessness are higher in racial or ethnic minority groups than in their counterparts. Black people also face higher incarceration rates when compared to Whites (Blankenship et al., 2018). The emergence of COVID-19 and the rise of violence against these minority groups have exhibited racism’s impact on their health. For this reason, various states have declared racism a public health issue, hoping it is the next step to addressing existing health inequalities. Nevertheless, critics believe such declarations are of no significance and only statements with no reasonable action. This proposal briefly highlights that to receive the attention needed and improve the health of racial minorities, society must recognize racism as a public health crisis.

Purpose of study

The study strives to evaluate structural racism in public health by examining its implications on various ethnic minority groups. The researcher will investigate the impacts racism has on public health in the United States and explains how structural racism results in health disparities and inequalities. Thus, the proposal explores the analysis of racism as a public healthcare crisis. The researcher will identify interventions that may be adopted to mitigate health inequality and promote better healthcare and outcomes for racial minorities in the United States.

Aim of study

The research study will aim to:

  • Determine the effects of structural racism in public health for people of color.
  • Investigate how racism drives health disparities and inequalities in the U.S.
  • Identify interventions adopted in the public health sector to reduce and prevent structural racism.

It is to develop recommendations to enhance racial equity while decreasing health disparities in public health. It is also to developed a review of literature outlining a conceptual framework for racial inequality and its impacts on public health.

Importance of Study

The study will demonstrate why the United States should declare racism a public health crisis, although 37 states have already marked the vice as a crisis for Black, Indigenous, and people of color (BIPOC) (Mendez et al., 2021). The findings of this study will be valuable in the declaration of racism as a public health crisis and the formulation of policies and strategic actions to advance racial equity in public health. Further, it will convince city or town councils, education boards, county boards, mayoral/governor boards, school boards, and public health departments to incorporate declarations of racism as a crisis in their statements. The statements and resolutions are not legally enforceable. However, the resolutions are steps toward changing the racism narrative to initiate changes in resource allocation, law, and policy. They present the opportunity to adopt policies that enhance racial equity among communities.

Significance

This study will contribute to the literature on how structural racism adversely affects the health and well-being of people of color. Second, academicians and scholars can use this study to boost their understanding of the evolution of racism from historical times to modern society. Third, the study could help the government and policymakers implement policies and legislation to tackle the existing racial health inequalities and address biases in various systems and institutions, especially in the public health industry. Lastly, this research will raise awareness in the general public over the issues that ethnic or racial minority groups face and what role the community could take to ensure that they help address health inequality and disparities.

Research Questions

  • Does structural racism drive health inequities and disparities among racial/ethnic minorities in the United States?
  • Is structural racism a public health crisis in the United States?
  • Are there governing bodies in the United States that have declared structural racism as a public health crisis?

 

Preliminary Literature Review

Racism in the Public Health Sector

The socioeconomic problems affecting the minority groups in the country play a big role in promoting health inequalities among the communities. Most ethnic minority groups are subject to low–income jobs, bad working conditions, lack of health insurance coverage and are mainly affected by the social determinants of health. These factors contribute to their inability to access quality healthcare, resulting in higher risks of developing chronic diseases and higher mortality rates (Devakumar et al., 2020). According to Williams et al. (2019), racial residential segregation in the United States has largely contributed to racism in the public health sector. Occupancy of the white population in separate neighborhoods from minority groups such as Black Americans, Hispanics, and Asians has created social institution privileges. Areas occupied by minority groups lack enough health facilities and medical practitioners, negatively impacting their health. The government tends to support private policies that promote discriminatory zoning and restriction of movement, making it difficult to access quality healthcare services (Williams et al., 2019)). The author further explains that segregation among different races can be directly associated with increased mortality rates, shorter life expectancy, and cumulatively higher exposure to chronic diseases.

Structural Racism in Public Health

Addressing structural racism from a public health standpoint is crucial in understanding how this form of racism is a public health crisis. This study will include literature that discusses the existing health inequalities in the American population due to structural racism. For example, certain studies have revealed that the health gap between White individuals and persons from racial or ethnic minority groups can be attributed to shorter life expectancy among the latter group (Krieger et al., 2020). The minority communities are subject to low–income jobs, toxic working conditions, and lack of health insurance coverage and are mainly affected by the social determinants of health. These factors contribute to their inability to access quality healthcare, resulting in higher risks of developing chronic diseases and higher mortality rates (Devakumar et al., 2020).

Government Adaption and Resolution Declaring Structural racism a public health crisis.

Came et al. (2018) point out that the government should formulate and implement various health policies that promote equality in their healthcare systems. Therefore, this study will also include literature that identifies how the United States government has addressed structural racism as a public health issue and the policies and legislation it has implemented. Lastly, the study will incorporate literature highlighting the various states that have declared racism as a public health issue and how it could help the government realize the severity of the problem.

 

Methodology

This study will adopt a qualitative research methodology. It will identify and evaluate articles from journals indexed by MEDLINE/ Pub MED that discuss the public health sector, racism, public health, health disparities, and inequalities, specifically in the United States. It will also use online search engines such as Google Scholar to identify recent similar articles and primary or secondary studies. The articles will be between 2017 – 2022 to ascertain the credibility of the information and must include structural and institutionalized racism in their abstracts or titles. The study will analyze the contents of the chosen articles using a systematic literature review and incorporate related concepts and terms.

Findings

The study hopes to discover that structural racism is a significant public health issue in the United States. It is expected that these sources will highlight the various ways that racism has constrained the ability of persons from racial or ethnic minority groups to access the needed healthcare. Also, the materials will reveal the increased health disparities between these minorities and the rest of the population. The study also hopes to identify the role of the government in addressing racism as a public health issue. The sources will exhibit the various steps taken by the government, including the states’ declaration and policies implemented to ascertain that racism is a public health crisis. Overall, the data collected from the sources will answer the research questions identified above.

Discussion and Recommendation

Ethnic and racial minority patients receive low-intensity and quality diagnostic and healthcare services. These findings can be supported by the articles reviewed. The socioeconomic characteristics of the minority groups, such as level of education, income level, insurance sectors, and clinical factors, are determined by their appearance and the institutions involved (Dordunno et al., 2022). Racial groups are also subject to inferior medical procedures and medicine, thus supporting the hypothesis that structural racism is a public health crisis.

There is an urgent need for State and municipal governments across the United States to recognize and declare structural racism as a public health crisis. Governments should formulate and implement various health policies that promote equality in their healthcare systems (Came et al., 2018). Creating awareness about health issues is also critical in closing the gap between minority groups’ healthcare and the White population. Increased financial allocations to the country’s health sector can also be implemented to mitigate social determinants of health among minority groups to promote easier access to quality healthcare.

The study will evaluate whether the research findings have addressed the highlighted study questions. Based on the results, it will summarize how structural racism has emerged as a health crisis in the United States. It will discuss how racism has played a role in the existing health disparities and inequalities among racial monitories. It will also summarize the various resolutions the government set forth, including declaring structural racism as a public health crisis in certain states. Other than discussing the findings, the study will offer recommendations to improve future studies on this subject matter. Most importantly, these recommendations will address the urgent need for State and municipal governments across the United States to recognize and declare structural racism as a public health crisis.

 

Conclusion

Structural racism has been identified as a critical health inequality within the public health sector. People of color experience inferior healthcare services compared to their white counterparts. The problem has increased the risk of minority groups suffering from chronic diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Additionally, the issue has increased adult, infant, and maternal mortality rates among minority groups due to a lack of healthcare services based on their ethnic, and cultural background and appearance. Based on previous research, the health gaps between the white population and people of color can be attributed to shorter life expectancy among the latter group (Krieger et al., 2020). Racism can also be associated with the increased prevalence of social determinants of health among minority communities. To mitigate the problem, declarations should be made to recognize structural racism as a public health crisis.

The study will summarize the entire research content, highlighting the critical points from each section. Based on this content, the study will conclude that structural racism is a public health issue and make a call to action for the government and other relative authorities in the healthcare industry. Furthermore, the researcher will identify limitations the study may have and identify areas of improvement that future researchers could consider to improve the quality of their findings and analysis.

Give a brief explanation of the resources required in implementation of your program, such as qualified staff, information management systems, other technology and equipment, and financial resources.

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Discussion 3-1

Give a brief explanation of the resources required in implementation of your program, such as qualified staff, information management systems, other technology and equipment, and financial resources. Also explain your plan for accessing and assigning available resources in the most economical way to achieve your program’s future goals. Give an update on your progress and any concerns you have encountered as you draft this section of your program proposal.

Using what you learned about management theories in Module Two, discuss specific management theories that guided your identification of the issue.

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3-2 Milestone Two

Patient safety in an American Healthcare Outpatient Facility.

For Milestone Two, submit a draft of your proposal needs assessment. You should include a statement of need that allows the reader to learn more about your selected issue, presents evidence that supports the need for your program, and demonstrates that your organization understands the need and can address the issue. If the issue involves a specific affected population(s), such as employees or patients, be sure to identify that population’s specific needs. Using what you learned about management theories in Module Two, discuss specific management theories that guided your identification of the issue.

Do both of the self-guided meditations attached below. Which did you like better? Which did you find more comfortable to do? How did they make you feel?

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Meditation, A Simple, Fast Way to Reduce Stress

Read the following article from the Mayo Clinic “ Meditation, A Simple, Fast Way to Reduce Stress”

  • https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/meditation/in-depth/meditation/art-20045858

Do both of the self-guided meditations attached below. For this, you will want to find a quiet place without distraction, and this will take about 10-15 minutes per video to effectively complete. You could do them both together, or each one on a separate day. Which did you like better? Which did you find more comfortable to do? How did they make you feel?

Identify examples of work that would be commonly associated with a project of this nature but will not be completed as part of the project. In this section, you should list several out-of-scope items to demonstrate your understanding of this concept.

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Project Deliverable II

Table of Contents

Project Exclusions (Out-of-Scope Work): Identify examples of work that would be commonly associated with a project of this nature but will not be completed as part of the project. In this section, you should list several out-of-scope items to demonstrate your understanding of this concept.

High Level Assumptions: Provide 3 to 5 examples of high-level project assumptions that would impact the project planning. For this section, you will be evaluating on your ability to demonstrate the appropriate assumptions that would be relevant to the planning process.

High Level Constraints: Provide 3 to 5 examples of external constraints that would have a direct impact on the planning project. Also, provide a very brief description of their impact. (Note: The project’s budget and schedule would be considered internal constraints and cannot be used in this section)

Known Problems, Anticipated Issues, and Potential Risks: problems, issues or risks that will need to be overcome, or that might be encountered as part of this project. Ensure you clearly indicate which of your examples you consider to be problems, issues, or risks – you will be evaluated on your understanding these terms. (This list should be exhaustive)

Risk & Mitigation

High Level Requirements: These are conditions that are required to be present in a project, service, or result to satisfy a contract. There are many types of requirements. In this section, you are to provide examples of requirements as a typical customer might describe what features, style, functionality, or elements they would like to have as part of this project (keep in mind your project scope, and restrict your requirements to only those that are relevant to the projects scope)

Deliverables: List 5 examples of deliverables that would result as part of fulfilling the projects stated requirements.

Executive Milestones: Review the definition of project milestone and then complete the following milestone table with 4-6 examples of milestones that would be appropriate for a project of this nature. The table below lists the high-level Executive Milestones of the project and their estimated completion time frame.