Discuss the probative worthiness of plain impression live-scanning, with emphasis on the disadvantages.

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The inked fingerprint classification system has been used for over 100 years and has been accepted as proof of identification in the U.S. court system. The Automated Fingerprint Identification System (AFIS) has been in use for over twenty years and has been regarded as proven. Recently, an AFIS process known as plain impression live-scanning has emerged as the next step in fingerprint identification.
ANSWER ALL 3
1.) Discuss the probative worthiness of plain impression live-scanning, with emphasis on the disadvantages.
2.) Plain impression live-scanning found extensive use in such civil applications at security checkpoints, building entries, and maintaining employment records. What checks and balances should be placed on the civil application versus the criminal application for ensuring accuracy (i.e., should the standards for accuracy of an impression for a building entry scan be the same as those applied to identifications where a person’s liberty is at stake)?
3.) Should a plain impression live scan identification be checked by a human analyst? Why\Why not?

Describe an event during prenatal development or birth, and explain the impact of heredity and environment on the situation and outcome.

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1. Prenatal Development and Birth
Describe an event during prenatal development or birth, and explain the impact of heredity and environment on the situation and outcome. For example, you could discuss a genetic defect or exposure to a teratogen or early delivery of an infant. Explain how our understanding of the impacts of heredity and/or environment inform our practices during the prenatal period and at birth.
2. Infant and Toddler Biosocial Development
Describe what you think is the most important event for an infant or toddler with respect to biosocial development. Explain why this event is so critical for lifelong well being.

What two ideas did Darwin develop?How did those ideas differ from earlier ideas?

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PLEASE READ THE FILE and write a short paper (500 words) addressing the following:
Darwin was not the first to suggest that life has evolved over time. What two ideas did Darwin develop?How did those ideas differ from earlier ideas, and how have those ideas changed since?
Does the theory of evolution provide an adequate explanation for the diversity of the Galápagos finches (and other life in general)?Why or why not?Does the theory of evolution qualify as a science or a pseudoscience? Why?
NO QUOTES

Describe the fundamental biological principles behind different diagnostic techniques

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1. Demonstrate knowledge of diseases and how they are diagnosed
2. Describe the fundamental biological principles behind different diagnostic techniques
3. Interpret and report data produced by diagnostic techniques
4. Describe and discuss different control measure

What percentage of insomnia could be reduced in the population by eliminating energy drink consumption?

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Wk8

Study design and validity of causal effect

Differences between controlled and quasi-experimental experiments

Clinical vs. Community trials

Blinding and crossover

Ethical aspects of conducting clinical trials

Measures of effect-calculation and interpretation

Statistical measures of effect

 

Instructions:

Answer the following Epidemiology questions below. If calculations are involved, be sure to show your work for full credit.

  1. (1 point) List one strength and one weakness of the experimental study design.

Answer:

 

  1. (1 point) Explain the difference between experimental and quasi-experimental study designs.

Answer:

 

  1. (1 point) Researchers want to study the impact of implementing an education program on the benefits of consuming more fresh fruits and vegetables among adults working for large employers in Green Giant City (population 3,000,000 persons).  There are eight large businesses in the city that employ a total of 100,000 employees, four of which receive the intervention.   Describe one method you could use to evaluate the outcome of this quasi-experimental study.

Answer:

Questions 4-7 (4 points)  In the next four questions, identify the study design in each of the following scenarios.  (Note: these questions draw from information presented in Chapters 6, 7 and 8.  They are presented in multiple choice format in Canvas.)

  1. Researchers compare the effectiveness of two treatments for hypertension by randomly assigning patients with hypertension to receive the standard treatment or a newly-developed treatment for hypertension.
  2. Researchers want to study the impact of implementing a lunch-hour walking program on average Body Mass Index (BMI) measurements among adults working in Pedestrian City (population 2,000,000 persons). There are eight large businesses in the city that employ 5,000 or more employees.  Employees the businesses get an extra 30 minutes added to their lunch hour 3 days a week to walk, run or engage in some other type of aerobic exercise activity.  No intervention is implemented in the other four businesses.
  3. Phase III trial of a new vaccine developed to prevent Hepatitis C infection.
  4. Researchers wanted to determine if an educational intervention would improve rates of Hepatitis B vaccination in new-born babies in the United States. A study population of two similar urban communities were assigned one of two types of educational information about the benefits of vaccinating babies against Hepatitis B, starting at birth: 1) in one community, expectant mothers received information from their primary health care provider during a prenatal visit; 2) in the other community received additional, more comprehensive information about the benefits of their baby being vaccinated at a free “lunch-and-learn”-style training were held, targeting expectant mothers and their families (presented by health education specialists).

Chapter 9

  1. (4 points) [Note: check out Question 10 in the textbook for hints.]

A cohort study was conducted to investigate the possible association between energy drink consumption and insomnia in a population-based sample of adults.

 

                                                                                     Insomnia          
Energy Drink Consumption   Yes No Total
Yes 200 1,800 2,000
No 100 9,900 10,000

 

Using the data in the table above, calculate the following:

  1. What is the Relative Risk of insomnia associated with energy drink consumption?

Answer:

 

  1. What is the risk (rate) difference?

Answer:

  1. What proportion of the rate of insomnia in the exposed group is due to energy drink consumption? (etiologic fraction)

Answer:

  1. What percentage of insomnia could be reduced in the population by eliminating energy drink consumption?

Answer:

  1. (6 points) [Note: check out Questions 3-8 in the textbook for hints. Use 10,000 as the denominator for each of the calculations.]

The rate of Awful Disease per 10,000 population is 500 among persons with Risk Factor A (exposed), and 56 among persons without Risk Factor A (non-exposed).  The rate of Unpleasant Disease per 10,000 is 350 among persons with Risk Factor A (exposed) and 295 among persons without Risk Factor A (non-exposed).  The prevalence of Risk Factor A in the population is 30%.  Based on this information, answer the following six questions:

 

  1. What is the Relative Risk of having Awful Disease for persons with and without Risk Factor A?

Answer:

  1. What is the Relative Risk of having Unpleasant Disease for persons with and without Risk Factor A?

Answer:

  1. What is the etiologic fraction of Awful Disease for persons due to Risk Factor A? Answer:
  2. What is the etiologic fraction of Unpleasant Disease due to Risk Factor A?

Answer:

 

  1. What is the population etiologic fraction of Awful Disease due to Risk Factor A? Answer:
  2. What is the population etiologic fraction of Unpleasant Disease due to Risk Factor A? Answer:
  3. (1 point)  Based on your calculations in Question 9, Risk Factor A seems more likely to be causally related to Awful Disease or Unpleasant Disease? Why?

Answer:

  1. (1 point)   The confidence interval for the Relative Risk of contracting Awful Disease if exposed to Risk Factor A is (2.1, 11.7).  Does it support the hypothesis that the association between Risk Factor A and Awful Disease statistically significant? Why or why not?

Answer:

 

  1. (1 point) Does sample size have an effect on the ability to detect differences between an intervention and a control group?

Answer:

 

What are the 3 major types of bonding observed in rocks and minerals? Define the primary characteristics of each type of bond.

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Instructions:

You may answer questions with words or drawing which ever works best for you.  Please submit 1 document with the following 4 sections.  Send me email if you have any questions.

Great job this semester.

KP

 Section 1: Definitions

  • Please define or identify the following terms. Each is worth 2 points. (20 points)
    1. Tropical Cyclone:
    2. Minerals & Rocks:
    3. Primary waves & Secondary waves:
    4. Richter Scale:
    5. Ice Age:
    6. Triple Point (as defined for H2O):
    7. Nimbus Clouds:
    8. Rock Cycle:
    9. What is the center of our solar system?
    10. What is the speed of light?

Section 2: Answer the following questions.  (4 points each 40points)

  1. What evidence (or event) was observed within 2018 that supports the continental drift theory? (You need to support you answer)
  2. What is the density equation and how can it be determined for rock and mineral samples?
  3. What does weather originate from?
  4. Why does quartz come in more then one color? And how can all be considered quartz?
  5. What is the Green House effect? (and could we survive without it?)
  6. Why are we unable to view a full moon 365 days a year? (explain in detail)
  7. List and define the 3 major types of rocks.
  8. In our discussion of earthquakes we covered the 3 major types of motion associated with them normal, thrust and slip-strike. What type of plate boundaries are associated with each type of fault?
  9. What are the 3 major types of bonding observed in rocks and minerals? Define the primary characteristics of each type of bond.

10) Clean drinking water is considered to be one of the key items to sustain life.  Please comment on the challenges associated with providing all access to it.  I would expect you to comment in the following areas; contamination, purification and distribution.

Section 3:  “Longest Short answer” (15 Points each 30 points)

  1. The global climate is changing. Many of the changes being experienced are believed to be caused by our use and the development of materials.  How are the aspects of our lives (yours) related to these changes and what could be done the in the future help make changes (or slow changes) in our global environment.  In your discussion I am looking for you to relate and comment on topics including, global warming, technology, green solutions and weather.  It is important for you to draw at least 2 connections in your response to show your understanding of the global nature of the issue.
  2. Find a current scientific article (that relates to topics cover this term) and review it for me. Just as you have in the discussion portion of the class all semester. You review should be one paragraph and include a reference.  (this should be a current article not one from “weeks” ago and not one you previously reviewed)

Section 4: Projects  (10 Points)

  1. In your work on your term project what was the most surprising thing you learned? Discuss this and share how it will make you think about global challenges more scientifically?