Respond to your colleagues’ different days by comparing your assessment tool to theirs.

RE: Discussion – Week 2 response

Responding to Reilly Grace Giller

Respond to your colleagues’ different days by comparing your assessment tool to theirs.

Post a brief explanation of three important components of the psychiatric interview and why you consider these elements important. Explain the psychometric properties of the rating scale you were assigned.

WK2 Discussion Main Post

Post a brief explanation of three important components of the psychiatric interview and why you consider these elements important. Explain the psychometric properties of the rating scale you were assigned.. Support your approach with evidence-based literature.

Each component of the psychiatric interview is important in helping to assess, diagnose and treat a patient. In this discussion I will briefly describe 3 elements of the interview and highlight their importance.

In my experience in the emergency room, outpatient PACT team and involuntary inpatient hospital, establishing the acuity of presenting the issue is the most important part of the provider-client interaction. The chief complaint and the history of present illness can give the clinician a snapshot picture of the level of care needed for the concerned individual. The chief complaint should be the reason for seeking care, preferably in the patient’s own words. The first few moments of the interview may uncover a multitude of cues for further inquiry. This initial snapshot may reveal thoughts of violence towards others, self-harm or suicide which can elevate the provider’s level of concern appropriately and lead to the use of protective measures for the patient, staff, and community. Having the patient or other source identify what is most concerning to them may reveal limited insight, poor judgement, and symptoms of psychosis almost immediately. In addition, this is the first opportunity to observe important indicators of grave disability; body habitus, dress, weight, eye contact and ability to understand and express ideas are excellent indicators of their level functioning. The chief complaint goes hand in hand with the history of present illness (HPI) when the patient can expand on onset/time frame, precipitating factors, perpetuating influences, and elements of protection like coping skills/strengths, medications, and treatment. The psychiatric review of systems is the subjective picture of mental health functioning which may identify issues with “mood, anxiety, psychosis and other” symptoms not immediately apparent to the subject and is included in the HPI (Sadock, Sadock & Ruiz, 2015, p. 198).

Although all elements of the psychiatric interview are important, inquiry about substance use/abuse and addiction issues is paramount. Often drug use, smoking, drinking, gambling, social media/internet use are overlooked as just a part of the social history but are a key element in understanding the etiology and perpetuation of serious anxiety, depression and psychosis. In 2018, out of 21.2 million Americans suffering from a substance use disorder, only 11% of those patients received treatment (Scutti, 2019). According to the CDC, overdose rates increased significantly during the pandemic; in 2021 the numbers were approximately 30% higher than the year before (CDC, 2021).

According to Richter et al. (1988), the Beck Depression Inventory was the most highly utilized self-reporting depression tool at the time. It consists of 21 item self-rated questionnaire and a total point rating scale published in 1961 (Richter et al., 1988). Each item addresses a different symptom, and they include: sadness, suicidality, guilt, appetite, weight and sexual interest (Beck et al., 1961). According to a review of the literature the internal validity or reliability for the BDI is highly rated on average at 0.75 to 0.88. (Richter et al., 1988). However, Beck himself reported that the test-retest reliability is often low and extremely variable due to the sensitivity to therapeutic changes that occur over short periods of time (Richter et al., 1988). The concurrent validity or comparisons in measurement effectiveness with other scales ranged from 0.58- 0.79, showing higher scores with other assessment tools that also rated severity of depression (Richter et al., 1988). Unfortunately, the BDI fails to adequately discriminate between anxiety and depression (Richter et al., 1988). Overall, the BDI is most sensitive for the use in determining severity of depression and its changes over time in moderately depressed patients (Richter et al., 1988). The content validity analysis shows that the original BDI adequately measured 6 of the 9 depression components from the DSM-III, excluding sleep, eating and agitation (Richter et al., 1988). There have been two revisions, the latest of which is the BDI-II which more closely reflects the newer DSM symptoms and subtypes of depression and has an average reliability 0.9 (Wang & Gorenstein, 2013). The brevity, reliability, and ability to discriminate between depressed and non-depressed individuals lead to the world-wide translation and adaptation of the BDI assessment tool (Richter et al., 1988).

 

References

Beck, A.T., Ward, C. H., Mendelson, M., Mock, J., & Erbaugh, J. (1961) An inventory for measuring depression. Archives of General Psychiatry, 4, 561-571.

Centers for Disease Control (CDC). (2021). Vital Statistics Rapid Release Provisional Drug Overdose Death Counts. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/vsrr/drug-overdose-data.htm

Sadock, B. J., Sadock, V. A., & Ruiz, P. (2015). Psychiatric Interview, History, and Mental Status Examination. In Kaplan and Sadock’s Synopsis of Psychiatry. (11th ed., pp. 192-211). Wolters Kluwer.

Scutti, S. (2019, December 18). 21 million Americans suffer from addiction. Just 3,000 physicians are specially trained to treat them. Association of American Medical Colleges. https://www.aamc.org

Wang, Y-P. & Gorenstein, C. (2013). Psychometric properties of the Beck Depression Inventory-II: a comprehensive review. Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry, 35(4), 416–431. https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2012-1048

Discuss each method with an example of how the method could be used in the organization. Discuss how you will evaluate the method and learning.

Information Security in a World of Technology

Write an essay addressing each of the following points/questions. Be sure to completely answer all the questions for each bullet point. There should be three sections, one for each item number below, as well the introduction (heading is the title of the essay) and conclusion paragraphs. Separate each section in your paper with a clear heading that allows your professor to know which bullet you are addressing in that section of your paper. Support your ideas with at least three (3) scholarly citations using APA citations in your essay. Make sure to reference the citations using the APA writing style for the essay. The cover page and reference page do not count towards the minimum word amount. Review the rubric criteria for this assignment.

The textbook discusses several education methods. Discuss each method with an example of how the method could be used in the organization. Then discuss how you will evaluate the method and learning.

Healthcare continues to be a lucrative target for hackers with weaponized ransomware, misconfigured cloud storage buckets, and phishing emails. Discuss how an organization can protect patients’ information through:

. Security mechanisms

. Administrative and Personnel Issues

. Level of access

. Handling and Disposal of Confidential Information

. You are providing education to staff on phishing and spam emails. Using the different educational methods discussed in Chapter 12:

. Provide examples of how each method can be used

. How will the method and learning be evaluated?

In the care of the elderly in acute setting, does the use of assistive devices reduce the incident of falls?

Incident of falls

In the care of the elderly in acute setting, does the use of assistive devices reduce the incident of falls?

Search and locate an existing instrument that will be used to address your research question. Post the title of the instrument selected and the level of measurement on the tool.

Nursing Research Identified Problems Stroke Patients and the Lack of Access to the Community Resources.

Search and locate an existing instrument that will be used to address your research question. Post the title of the instrument selected and the level of measurement on the tool. Next, post a description of the type of scale used in the instrument. Include a brief discussion of data collection procedures that will be presented in your proposal.

The assignment allows for application of the elements of methodology with respect to controlling extraneous variables and selecting an instrument with a specific scale of measurement to answer your research question. Based on the type of specific instrument selected for your research study, the validity and reliability should reflect criteria for the instrument of choice.

As a quick review, nurses must know which level of measurement is used in order to select the correct statistical test to analyze the data. In addition the nurse must have a well defined data collection plan and an instrument that measures the type of data collected. The level of measurement is determined by the research question and the study design (qualitative or quantitative) and relates to the types of statistical testing, such as parametric and nonparametric statistical tests. Remember, qualitative data is the collection of words analyzed into themes and patterns. Quantitative data includes measurements that collect numbers which are analyzed to determine a difference, a correlation, or a relationship between variables.

The major categories of levels of measurement are:

Nominal
Ordinal
Interval
Ratio

The lectures and course readings for this week include the basic principles of levels of measurement and instruments with examples to assist with meeting the course outcomes.

Develop a 2-4 page scholarly paper in which you describe a quality or safety issue, or a chosen diagnosis, and then identify and analyze credible evidence that could be used as the basis for applying EBP to the issue.

Develop a 2-4 page scholarly paper in which you describe a quality or safety issue, or a chosen diagnosis, and then identify and analyze credible evidence that could be used as the basis for applying EBP to the issue.

Introduction
The goal of using evidence-based research findings is to enhance safety and quality of patient care and ensure optimal outcomes are achieved. It is not uncommon to hear a nurse say, “why change it as we’ve always done it this way.” However, this is no longer acceptable in today’s practice environment. The profession of nursing has evolved, and the expectation is that the professional nurse has a scientific foundation to support the care that is provided. As the profession of nursing continues to evolve and engage in health care transformation, baccalaureate-prepared nurses are expanding taking on leadership roles that include incorporating EBPs. To be able to do this, the nurse needs to understand the criteria and makes a resource credible, as this is crucial when deciding if the research is valid and reliable for implementation into health care settings. The nurse will need to incorporate the use of evidence-based practice models. EBP models are designed to assist the nurse in developing a plan to gather evidence to answer a practice problem or question. It is a systematic approach to direct the user to incorporate scholarly findings into current practice. These EBP models lead the nurse through the decision-making process of evaluating the literature to determine the best practice evidence for the practice issue or question.

It would be an excellent choice to complete the Vila Health Determining the Credibility of Evidence activity prior to developing the report. The activity is a media simulation that offers an opportunity to review a scenario and work on determining the credibility of presented evidence. These skills will be necessary to complete Assessment 2 successfully. This media simulation is one potential source of context on which to base your assessment submission. This will take just a few minutes of your time and is not graded.

Professional Context
As a baccalaureate-prepared nurse, you will be responsible for locating and identifying credible and scholarly resources to incorporate the best available evidence for the purposes of enhancing clinical reasoning and judgement skills. When reliable and relevant evidence-based findings are utilized, patients, health care systems, and nursing practice outcomes are positively impacted.

Scenario
For this assessment, you may choose from the following options as the context for the quality or safety issue or chosen diagnosis/health issue for researching and completing this assessment:

The specific diagnosis/health issue you identified in your previous assessment.
The simulation Vila Health: Determining the Credibility of Evidence.
A personal practice experience in which a sentinel event occurred.

Instructions

The purpose of this analysis is to better understand what constitutes credibility of journal articles as well as websites. The role of the baccalaureate-prepared nurse in incorporating evidence-based research continues to growth in clinical practice. As quality improvement (QI) measures to reduce safety risks continue to be emphasized, the need for evidence-based models and evidence-based templates is growing. This type of systematic approach to incorporating evidence-based findings allows nurses to make clinical and operational decisions based upon the best available evidence. When the most up-to-date evidence-based findings are utilized, patient-centered care improves outcomes and enhances the patient experience.

Below is a quick review table of several well-known Evidence-Based Practice Models used to guide exploration:

Evidence-Based Practice Models
Iowa Model of Evidence-Based Practice
Stetler Model
Ottawa Model
PARiHS (Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services) Model
ACE (Academic Center for Evidence-Based Practice) Star Model
ARCC (Advancing Research and Clinical Practice Through Close Collaboration) Mode
John Hopkins Model
KTA (Knowledge-to-Action) Model

For this assessment:

Explain the criteria that should be used when determining the credibility of journal articles as well as websites.

Support your explanations with references to the literature or research articles that describe criteria that should be used to determine credibility.

Your identification and determination of credibility should be done within the context of your chosen scenario for this assessment.
For example, if you choose to use the provided Vila Health scenario, your initial identification of resources should be of resources that will best help address the presented issue. However, if you are locating resources to help provide evidence-based care for the diagnosis/health care issue you identified in the first assessment, you may want to begin your literature and evidence search from the databases that were identified. Any of the three scenario options are acceptable. So, pick the one that most interests you.

Be sure to address the following in this assessment, which correspond to the grading criteria in the scoring guide. Please study the scoring guide carefully so that you will know what is needed for a distinguished score.

Describe a quality or safety issue, or a chosen diagnosis, that could benefit from an evidence-based approach.

Explain criteria that should be considered when determining credibility of resources such as journal articles and websites.

Analyze the credibility and relevance of evidence and resources within the context of a quality or safety issue, or a chosen diagnosis.
This is where you are selecting the specific resources to help address the issue in your chosen scenario.

Identify the Evidence-Based Practice model and explain the importance of incorporating credible evidence into the EBP model used to address a quality or safety issue, or a chosen diagnosis/health care issue. Review the literature below and choose the appropriate model for your diagnosis/health care issue.
Selecting a model for evidence-based practice changes. [PDF] and Evidence-Based Practice Models help explain the various evidence-based nursing models.
Communicate using writing that is clear, logical, and professional with correct grammar and spelling using current APA style.

Additional Requirements
Your assessment should meet the following requirements:

Length of submission: 2-4-page scholarly paper, this does not include the APA-formatted title page and reference list.

Number of references: Cite 3-5 sources of scholarly or professional evidence that support your findings and considerations. Resources should be no more than five years old.

APA formatting: References and citations are formatted according to current APA style.
Portfolio Prompt: Remember to save the final assessment to your ePortfolio so that you may refer to it as you complete the final capstone course.

Competencies Measured
By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the course competencies through the following assessment scoring guide criteria:

Competency 2: Analyze the relevance and potential effectiveness of evidence when making a decision.
Explain criteria that should be considered when determining credibility of resources such as journal articles and websites.
Analyze the credibility and relevance of evidence and resources within the context of a quality or safety issue, or a chosen diagnosis.

Competency 3: Apply an evidence-based practice model to address a practice issue.
Identify an evidence-based practice model (such as Iowa, Stetler, John Hopkins, etc.) and explain the importance of incorporating credible evidence into an EBP model used to address a quality or safety issue, or a chosen diagnosis/health care issue.

Competency 4: Plan care based on the best available evidence.
Describe a quality or safety issue, or a chosen diagnosis, that could benefit from an evidence-based approach.

Competency 5: Apply professional, scholarly communication strategies to lead practice changes based on evidence.
Organize content so ideas flow logically with smooth transitions; contains few errors in grammar/punctuation, word choice, and spelling.
Apply APA formatting to in-text citations and references exhibiting nearly flawless adherence to APA format.

SCORING GUIDE
Use the scoring guide to understand how your assessment will be evaluated.

What are they, what education do you need, where do they offer your program or certificate? Where do you want to work, local or travel? What is your projected salary?

Five-year plan/nursing goals

Assignment
This week your assignment is to tell me about your five-year plan/nursing goals. What are they, what education do you need, where do they offer your program or certificate? Where do you want to work, local or travel? What is your projected salary? Do some research and tell me about your strategic plan for success after graduating with your ADN.

Critically discuss how leadership theory and professional culture influence the efficacy of the Interprofessional team.

Efficacy of the Interprofessional team

Critically discuss how leadership theory and professional culture influence the efficacy of the Interprofessional team.

Write an essay explaining the importance of interprofessional communication within operating room.

Importance of interprofessional communication within operating room

Write an essay explaining the importance of interprofessional communication within operating room.

Create a pamphlet using any type of publisher software you choose to educate clients on a current patient safety issue; for example, a currently aging adult and how to care for themselves at home, medication-polypharmacy and how a patient can not make a self medication error, or other appropriate safety issues.

Discussion Essay

Create a pamphlet using any type of publisher software you choose to educate clients on a current patient safety issue; for example, a currently aging adult and how to care for themselves at home, medication-polypharmacy and how a patient can not make a self medication error, or other appropriate safety issues. If you have a question about a specific topic, check with your instructor.

Your pamphlet must include the following items:

Include at least 5 tips for preventive care for the patient.
Include information that should be shared with family or caregivers.
Include local resources in the community that might be available for this type of safety concern.
Include at least 3 current (published less than 5 years ago) references, in APA format.