Identify and communicate key aspects of the biology underlying an infectious disease

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The final project for this course will ask you to explore both the scientific and the social aspects of an infectious disease of your choice in one cohesive project, drawing connections between the scientific and social aspects.
SPECIFICS FOR FINAL PROJECT
With Pre-Projects 1 and 2, you were able to gain experience writing about these subjects and an idea of what we are looking for in your writing. With the final project, you can put these skills and knowledge to use and will have the chance to expand on an infectious disease you find interesting.
As in Pre-project 1, you are asked to characterize the structure of your pathogen of choice as related to its pathogenesis, describe clinical features of infection and give an appropriate epidemiological background for your pathogen of choice. As with Pre-project 2, you are asked to describe one particular social aspect that influences the spread of the infectious disease caused by your pathogen of choice.
While Pre-projects 1 and 2 were separate pieces, written about distinct infectious diseases, the final project should tell one cohesive story. The scientific aspects, particularly the epidemiological information you share, should provide relevant background and context to understand the impact of social aspect you focus on. An informative title, introduction and conclusion will all be important to help tie the story together.
Learning Outcomes:
• Identify and communicate key aspects of the biology underlying an infectious disease
• Recognize and communicate how a social aspect can lead to a disease’s spread, or its impact on society
• Determine reputable sources of evidence and be able to cite them
• Communicate concisely within a word limit
• Assess the strengths and weaknesses of your peers’ submissions and provide concrete suggestions for how they can improve
Word limit: no more than 625 words.
References
You should include a list of all the references that you use. You should have at least four references, all of which should be from reputable sources. You may use Nature style for your reference list, or select another scientific journal’s formatting style if you prefer. For more information on how to format in the Nature style, see:
https://www.citethisforme.com/guides/nature/
In-text” citations are not necessary for your Final Project. We suggest you use a concise formatting style (like Nature style) because references will be included in your final word count.
Pathogen Selection
You must choose a different pathogen to write about for each of the three project components (Pre-Project 1, Pre-Project 2, and the Final Project). For example, you cannot write about SARS-CoV-2 for both Pre-Project 1 and the Final Project.
You can either choose a pathogen of your own, or choose from the list below. You may choose to discuss social factors that impact the epidemiology or contributed to an outbreak of the disease caused by that pathogen, or that or the impacts that the infectious disease caused by that pathogen has had on a society.
Name of the pathogen that I chose is Clostridium tetani SARS-CoV-2 (Tetanus)
Also, the word limit is no more than 625 including citation. Therefore with the citation it has to be no more than 625. Also, I will include my pre-project1 and pre-project2 in order to see what I talked about. Finally please refer to the rubric uploaded for further details. Include title, intro and conclusion. Nature style is required for this paper, there is a link on how to do so.

What are the possible physiological mechanisms behind the changes observed? Does the intervention affect the patient’s quality of life or performance in activities of daily living?

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Write the pathophysiology of atrial fibrillation, Hypercholesterolemia, and Hypertension.
For each topic I want:
• Description of the condition (the pathophysiology)
• possible causes
• incidence
• physical and/or physical and/or mental impairments and disabilities related to the condition.
• Details should be given on medical and exercise interventions.
• Provide a brief justification for the use of each intervention.
For this part: 3 pages divide it over atrial fibrillation and hypertension, and 1 page Hypercholesterolemia.

For the discussion discuss the potential/real beneficial effects of exercise intervention for each one atrial fibrillation, Hypercholesterolemia, and Hypertension:
• Which system (i.e. sensory, motor, cardiovascular, etc.) is improved after the intervention?
• What are the possible physiological mechanisms behind the changes observed?
• Are there scientific evidences to support the use of the chosen intervention?
• Does the intervention affect the patient’s quality of life or performance in activities of daily living?
For this part: divide it over 4 pages because for atrial fibrillation and Hypertension exercise intervention might be the same.

Why have you decided to work with autism? Are there different ways to handle each spectrum disorder, or are they handled similarly?

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Interview Questions: First-hand Experience with Autism

In the healthcare services industry there are many emotions in a day. Have your emotions ever been in the way of your productivity?

What is your patient care philosophy?

Why have you decided to work with autism?

Are there different ways to handle each spectrum disorder, or are they handled similarly?

Environmental factors supposedly influence brain development at different stages, does this also mean those with ASD have weaker immune systems?

Have you interviewed mothers who may have smoked cigarettes while they were pregnant?

Does low maternal Vitamin D levels contribute to ASD?

How did you/could you avoid mothers unwilling to answer questions regarding substance usage honestly? This is a big reason as to why it is difficult to scientifically prove where ASD may come from.

If mother’s had a mental health condition, could this contribute to their children having ASD?

Have you seen certain patterns with dietary factors that contribute to ASD?

How much time have you put into studying the neurodevelopment of ASD in comparison to the environment impacts?

There is an association of chemical polychlorinated biphenyls and cognitive impairment; can this be an association with ASD as well?

What is the most important message you would like people to know about autism?

Myths about Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)

In my report essay, I will be studying the possible causes of autism. There have been many myths on what are the etiological agents of autism. Some believe that autism can be caused by injections, while others believe that it only affects children. All these speculations lack clear evidence or literature to support it. In this research, I will be using the literature: Maternal lifestyle and environmental risk factors for autism spectrum disorders to find out the scientific facts on Autism (Lyall, Rebecca, and Irva, 443). The literature states that environmental factors may have a significant impact on Autism. Moreover, maternal alcohol consumption can sometimes be damaging. However only few studies have been conducted linking autism disorder with maternal alcohol use. According to Lyall, Rebecca, and Irva (2014), fatty acids can also lead to ASD. Lastly was air pollution; air pollution indeed has a direct impact on the bodies of humans.

I will be interviewing Dr. Stephen A. Ferrari, a man who has been in practice with Autism Spectrum Disorders for over 18 years. He has a Ph. D. in Psychology, is certified in Neurofeedback, and specializes in mild to moderate Autism Spectrum Disorders. I met Dr. Ferrari in a job interview roughly a year ago in his own Neuro-Imaging Neurofeedback office. I did not receive a job offer, but he was kind enough to offer a free consultation for my brother who has a mild case of autism. We did not take the offer, but Dr. Ferrari was always open to any discussion regarding ASD. He has first-hand experience with those with ASD and has done a multitude of research regarding it.

I hope to find the closest scientific truth of where Autism Spectrum Disorders may come from. I want readers come to a more understanding of the compassion needed for those with ASD. I feel that the myths about ASD make people scorn many with the condition and despise medical practices that can be remarkably important to one’s health.

Work Cited

Lyall, Kristen, Rebecca J. Schmidt, and Irva Hertz-Picciotto. “Maternal lifestyle and environmental risk factors for autism spectrum disorders.” International journal of epidemiology 43.2 (2014): 443-464.