Provide examples of Newton’s three laws of motion based on your daily life. Which law do you think is the most fundamental among them?
Suppose you are a commercial airline pilot planning for a round-trip flight between Los Angeles, California (on the US west) and New York City (on the US east coast) in the month of January at a planned cruising altitude of about 30,000 feet.
In the flight planning process, you check the Aviation Weather Center website’s wind and temperatures plot (Links to an external site.) and pull up a map for the forecast winds for the planned flight level, valid for the time frame of the round-trip flight.
Explain how the map information will be used for estimating the flight duration time and fuel requirements for each leg of the flight.
Identify (by name) the specific wind feature that would also be identified using the map information, and explain why determining the strength and position of this feature should be considered in determining the actual flight route and flight level for each leg of the flight.
https://www.aviationweather.gov/windtemp/plot
Research Paper: 3-5 pages double-spaced, has to explain the topic above in the context of conceptual physics (for example, radiation played a role in this instance) and cardiovascular health (for example, how radiation affects vessel health)
Research an accident or incident involving a general aviation aircraft (Skybrary), (Links to an external site.) where the cause was at least partly due to improper flight planning. Consider using keywords related to the steps involved in flight planning in conducting your search for accident summaries and reports.
Construct an engaging 3-paragraph initial post that addresses the following points:
Paragraph 1: Briefly summarize, in your own words, the aircraft accident based on your research. In your summary, highlight the causes of the accident based on the results of the accident investigation.
Paragraph 2: Discuss one or more ways that the article is directly tied to the topics covered in this module regarding the science of flight planning.
Paragraph 3: Give us “your take” on the relevance and importance of the summarized accident or incident, and the importance of flight planning in general, by providing personal points of view or related experiences.
Embed at least one graphic or video that helps visualize some aspect of your initial post discussion.
To embed a YouTube video, simply paste the vidchoeo URL into your post.
https://www.skybrary.aero/index.php/General_Aviation_(GA)
The Overview is a paragraph describing the approach or strategy used to test the hypothesis. It should include what was tested and how it was tested.
Results
State the most important numerical, graphical or qualitative results obtained from performing the experiment. If there is a data table, include it here.
Uncertainty & Error
Discuss sources of uncertainty (due to limited measurement precision, e.g., length measured to the nearest millimeter) and error. Sources of error include modeling errors (differences between the physical system your predictions are based on, and the real system) and experimental errors, both systematic (errors that always shift results in one direction) and random (equally likely to cause overestimates and underestimates). For computer simulations, discuss real-world sources of uncertainty or error that were not simulated.
Conclusion/Summary
Discuss how the experimental results support rejecting or accepting (again, not proving) the hypothesis. Discuss the relevance of uncertainties/errors to these conclusions. Propose experiment improvements and/or future directions for experimentation.
Application
Discuss at least one real-world application of the physics concept(s) tested in the experiment and include a discussion of the experiment-specific question highlighted near the top of this document.
In this course, we will engage in graded discussions that focus on “the real world” by applying the physics concepts we are learning to both everyday life and to aviation.
After completing the readings and concept-related activities in this module, you will be prepared to engage in this discussion.
Initial Post Instructions and Requirements:
Choose a discussion topic that uses physics topics covered in this module. Consider one of the following as good topic “starters” for discussion:
(i) What were your “Aha!” moments as you worked through the material?
(ii) How does this module’s content relate to your professional career? Personal life?
(iii) How does this module’s content relate to current events?
(iv) Did you more deeply explore a topic only covered lightly in the course materials? What did you discover?
(v) What concepts (learning objectives) did you struggle with? What resources helped you overcome this hurdle? Do not post homework problems.
Create an engaging 3-paragraph initial post that ties one or more of the module’s concepts to the real world. The paragraphs should address the following points:
Paragraph 1: Describe the physics concepts/topics you have chosen to discuss from this week’s module, including, as appropriate, a reference to this week’s readings on the topics, terminology with definitions, units, conventions, etc.
Paragraph 2: Summarize one or more impacts of the physics concepts to everyday life or aviation.
Paragraph 3: Either: (i) provide a real example, e.g., from an article or documented report of the aviation impact of this physics concept, or, (ii) give “your take” on the relevance and importance of this topic from your own perspective, by providing personal points of view or related experiences.
Physics Experiment Report Format
Hypothesis
Hypotheses should make specific, testable predictions and are often in IF-THEN form, e.g., “if x is changed, then y will occur.” A hypothesis answers the question, “What is the point of the experiment”? Write a paragraph describing the approach or strategy used to test the hypothesis. It should include what was tested and how it was tested.
Procedures
See Experiment Instructions (use this phrase; do not include the actual procedures from the experiment).
Results
State the most important numerical, graphical or qualitative results obtained from performing the experiment. If there is a data table, include it here.
Uncertainty & Error
Discuss sources of uncertainty (due to limited measurement precision, e.g., length measured to the nearest millimeter) and error. Sources of error include modeling errors (differences between the physical system your predictions are based on, and the real system) and experimental errors, both systematic (errors that always shift results in one direction) and random (equally likely to cause overestimates and underestimates). For computer simulations, discuss real-world sources of uncertainty or error that were not simulated.
Conclusion/Summary
Discuss how the experimental results support rejecting or accepting (again, not proving) the hypothesis. Discuss the relevance of uncertainties/errors to these conclusions. Propose experiment improvements and/or future directions for experimentation.
Application
Discuss at least one real-world application of the physics concept(s) tested in the experiment and include a discussion of the experiment-specific question highlighted near the top of this document. The topic of this week is This physics experiment consists of two physics simulations that will help in understanding density and its relation to buoyance, states of matter, and temperature. Density, the ratio of mass to volume (mass density) or weight to volume (weight density), is an important property for many reasons, including buoyancy, which is explored in this physics simulation.
After completing the activities, write and submit you
https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulations/density
https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulations/states-of-matter-basics
Project Objective
To synthesize knowledge and skills gained from several other topics in the course to build and test paper glider designs and make decisions about the use of the designs based on the scientific results of the testing.
Project Overview
The Paper Airplane Project will take place over Modules 5-8. The project will apply concepts from several modules and is worth a significant portion of your course grade.
In this project, you will first choose two different glider types that you think will be worthy of entering into a mock paper glider competition – one designed for flight distance (straight line distance as measured from take-off point to landing point) competition, and one designed for flight duration (longest in-flight time competition. You will then independently build and test your chosen designs. Finally, you will report the results of your independent testing to the class (where the best performing gliders of those tested in each of the two categories will be recognized) and engage in a discussion with your instructor and classmates in reflecting on your learning experiences during the project.
In completing the project, you will apply the scientific method and synthesize concepts related to aircraft performance and meteorology.
Project Instructions
The project will be completed in three parts.
Part 1 – Glider Design Selection
In part 1 of the project, you will select two competition glider designs that you will later build and test for paper glider competition worthiness.
Research and decide on two glider designs – one designed for long-distance, and another designed for a long duration of flight. Your objective is to choose two gliders that will, independently, do very well in each category.
In choosing the designs, keep the following restrictions in mind:
Each glider’s materials will be restricted to a single, complete sheet of 8.5 x 11-inch standard weight copy paper (20 lb bond / standard A4 format – mass = 4.5 grams).
The glider will be modified by folding only – no addition of other materials, ripping, gluing, or cutting.
You are not restricted in any way on the sources used to find potential glider designs, but here are two sources:
Amazing Paper Planes – Basic Dart Designs (Links to an external site.)
Fold N’ Fly (Links to an external site.)
Before making a final decision on your two choices, do some preliminary testing of each design. Build one or two test gliders according to the instructions, and do some test flights to get a rough idea of how it performs.
Experiment with different thrust methods for each of the test glider designs for achieving the objective (distance or duration of flight). Hint: review the videos of the world record glider flights in the Background and Motivation section.
If a design performs poorly in preliminary testing, choose a different design.
Repeat step 2. until you’ve found a promising performer for each of the two required design types.
Formulate a hypothesis* for each of your chosen designs that incorporate predictions for how each of the four main forces that act on aircraft will affect the motion of the glider in allowing it to achieve its objective (distance or duration).
* You may want to review the definition of a hypothesis from our lesson on the scientific method in Module 1.
Create a document that includes:
the name of each glider design
a reference (URL) that contains an image of each glider and the instructions for building it
the hypothesis for each design (see 3. above)
a specific description for how thrust should be imparted to each glider design to maximize its desired performance (distance or duration)
By the end of Module 5, submit your document fulfilling the above four criteria for grading by the instructor in Module 5 – Paper Airplane Project Part 1 – Glider Design Selection.
In this activity, you will take your learning to the next level by applying and synthesizing (A&S) concepts explored in this module.
Instructions
Choose one question option (1 or 2) to answer. Place your chosen question and the formulated answer* within a separate document.
Integrate information from the module lessons to develop and support your answers.
Your answer will be scored on completeness, correctness, clarity, and conciseness, and the degree of synthesis and application of the related concepts, not on how many words they contain. More is not necessarily better! This is NOT an essay assignment.
Read through all sections before proceeding to the next page, and refer back whenever necessary.
Question Option 1Question Option 2
Degradation of an airport’s aging fuel tanks is suspected, resulting in both rust and water contamination of the aviation fuel. Discuss the impacts of this scenario on the operation of aircraft fueled at this airport.
let me know what question you answer.
Question Option 1
Degradation of an airport’s aging fuel tanks is suspected, resulting in both rust and water contamination of the aviation fuel. Discuss the impacts of this scenario on the operation of aircraft fueled at this airport.
Question Option 2
Degradation of an airport’s aging fuel tanks is suspected, resulting in both rust and water contamination of the aviation fuel. Discuss how specific fuel additives could mitigate the impacts of this scenario.
Instructions
Choose one question option (1 or 2) to answer. Place your chosen question and the formulated answer* within a separate document.
Integrate information from the module lessons to develop and support your answers.
Question Option 1
Suppose you are a commercial airline pilot planning for a round-trip flight between Los Angeles, California (on the US west) and New York City (on the US east coast) in the month of January at a planned cruising altitude of about 30,000 feet.
In the flight planning process, you check the Aviation Weather Center website’s wind and temperatures plot (Links to an external site.) and pull up a map for the forecast winds for the planned flight level, valid for the time frame of the round-trip flight.
Explain how the map information will be used for estimating the flight duration time and fuel requirements for each leg of the flight.
Identify (by name) the specific wind feature that would also be identified using the map information, and explain why determining the strength and position of this feature should be considered in determining the actual flight route and flight level for each leg of the flight.
Question Option 2
Suppose you are a pilot planning to fly your family of four in a single-engine aircraft to a destination for a week-long summer vacation. The flight is between two high-altitude airports in the US Rocky Mountains, and you are planning to make the flight during mid-afternoon in July.
In the flight planning process, the weather forecast valid for the planned day of the flight indicates a high probability of clear skies and light winds, with a morning low temperature near 50 F, and an afternoon high temperature near 90 F. You also performed a weight and balance calculation for a full load of fuel, four passengers, and the family’s luggage packed in the aft compartment of the aircraft, and determined that this would result in the aircraft being overloaded and significantly unbalanced.
Discuss at least two negative impacts to the stability and control of the aircraft that could result from the planned amount and configuration of weight, and describe at least two changes that could mitigate these impacts.
Explain why the planned time of day of the flight could also negatively impact the stability and control of the aircraft.
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