What actions do you think policymakers should take to address potential bias in juries? Explain your reasoning.

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Policy Issue: Week 7

In at least 300 words, answer the following prompt:

The Sixth Amendment enumerates a number of rights of the accused, among which is the right to trial “by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed.” How precisely to achieve this, however, is not specified. The jury selection process used today in most US jurisdictions attempts to provide for this through random selection of individuals from the pool of eligible jurors, at which point both sides can challenge prospective jurors. This process leaves a number of areas of potential bias. What actions do you think policymakers should take to address potential bias in juries? Explain your reasoning.

For background information and context, you should consult the following resources in developing your answers:

This article from Harvard Magazine about felony convictions and jury service: https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2021/06/felons-and-juries
This article from Boston College Law School Magazine about bias in jury selection: https://lawmagazine.bc.edu/2022/09/combatting-jury-selection-bias/
This academic article about different types of bias in jury selection: 81LaLRev165.pdf
This academic article discussing one possible solution: 2018UIllLRev.pdf

Identify clearly how that text contributes to the topic and body of literature that you’ve identified. Highlight the relevance of the reference. Present any limitations in relation to the source. Is there a bias? Is it limited in its scope?

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Annotated Bibliography

Your central task is to critically analyze five sources to present a review of the literature on a specific topic. This is not a typical essay. This is a presentation of sources that you’ve assessed. An example of how an annotation would be structured can be found here.

In terms of structure, this task is really quite straight forward.

Title of the document, name, word count.
An introductory paragraph that establishes what topic you are examining in the annotated bibliography. It would be helpful to provide a definition of the topic so that the reader knows how you’ve scoped the issue. This should be around 200 words.
Provide an annotated bibliography for five sources that you’ve chosen. Each annotation should be around 450 words.

In terms of structuring the annotation:

Start with the reference. Provide the reference details in full. Ensure that you’ve used a recognized academic referencing standard and provided all required details. With respect to your reference, make sure you choose an academic source that is peer-reviewed scholarship.
Summaries the text.
Identify clearly how that text contributes to the topic and body of literature that you’ve identified.
Highlight the relevance of the reference.
Present any limitations in relation to the source. Is there a bias? Is it limited in its scope? etc.
Repeat this structure for the five sources. This will conclude your annotated bibliography.

Your summary of the reading should include considerations such as:

Theoretical perspectives
Research findings
Methodologies employed
Conclusions
When critiquing the reading, please consider:

Research findings
Relevancy of the reference
Limitations of the research
Is there any bias?
Are the findings relevant to certain populations or groups?
Does it look at an issue from a broad or narrow perspective?
What ideas does it support?
What ideas does it oppose?
Is it useful in practice?
Is it a theoretical contribution?
How does this inform your understanding of the topic? etc…

What characteristics do you think voters look for when choosing a president? Do you think voters choose the characteristics they are looking for depending on the socioeconomic and political environment – lack of jobs, riots, COVID-19, environmental concerns and other issues etc.? Explain your answer.

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Option 1 or Option 2

For the initial post, respond to one of the following options, and label the beginning of your post indicating either Option 1 or Option 2:

Option 1:Political scientists disagree on the exact causes of low representation of women in Congress. Why do you think there are so few women in Congress in comparison to men? How likely is it that these patterns of representation will dramatically change over your lifetime? For this discussion question, you will have to do some research online.

Option 2: What characteristics do you think voters look for when choosing a president? Do you think voters choose the characteristics they are looking for depending on the socioeconomic and political environment – lack of jobs, riots, COVID-19, environmental concerns and other issues etc.? Explain your answer.

 

Reflect on what these patterns say about the nature of representation. Why do some groups tend to be underrepresented in Congress? Why do you see a trend in which more women and minorities are being represented?

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Proportion of women

Research the proportion of women, African Americans, Native Americans, Hispanic Americans, Asian Americans and openly gay or lesbian members of Congress.

  1. Reflect on what these patterns say about the nature of representation.
  2. Why do some groups tend to be underrepresented in Congress?
  3. Why do you see a trend in which more women and minorities are being represented?
  4. Do you think the under representation of women and minorities affect Congress’s business?
  5. How might we as a people address this situation and strive towards equal representation? Make sure to cite sources used.

Writing Requirements (APA format)

  • Length: 1.5-2 pages (not including title page or references page)
  • 1-inch margins
  • Double spaced
  • 12-point Times New Roman font
  • Title page
  • References page (minimum of 2 scholarly sources in addition to textbook if cited)

 

Why would wars benefit a State’s economy? Write a justification of how the research question fits within Easton’s definition of political science.

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War benefits

Instead, the assignment should be formatted according to the example below – numbered to correspond to each step in the “Instructions” section.

  1. Use the topic as a research question.
  2. Use the following research question: Why would wars benefit a State’s economy?
  3. Write a justification of how the research question fits within Easton’s definition of political science.
  4. Follow the format of the example below:
  5. Topic is [war benefits].
  6. Research question: Why [would wars benefit a state’s economy]?
  7. Meets Easton’s definition of political science because.

 

Describe the difference between liberal and conservative ideologies in American politics. Using one social or demographic group as an example, describe some of the factors that may have shaped the ideological orientation of that particular group.

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Answer the following questions

Describe the difference between liberal and conservative ideologies in American politics. Using one social or demographic group as an example, describe some of the factors that may have shaped the ideological orientation of that particular group. Whose preference should prevail when attitude differ among groups? Or when they differ between the public and elites? Or betwechoen the affluent and the poor?

 

Describe and explain one organization in the intelligence community in detail. Detail some of its finest moments and some of its worse moments. How has it changed over the years, and what do you see in its future?

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Intelligence community organizations

Describe and explain one organization in the intelligence community in detail. Detail some of its finest moments and some of its worse moments. How has it changed over the years, and what do you see in its future?

Here is a list of all of the intelligence community organizations ( choose one):

  • Office of the Director of National Intelligence
  • Central Intelligence Agency
  • National Security Agency/Central Security Service
  • Defense Intelligence Agency
  • National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency
  • National Reconnaissance Office
  • Department of State
  • Department of Defense
  • Department of Justice
  • Federal Bureau of Investigation
  • Drug Enforcement Administration
  • Department of Homeland Security
  • Department of Treasury
  • Department of Energy – Office of Intelligence and Counterintelligence
  • Army Intelligence
  • Air Force Intelligence
  • U.S. Navy, Naval Intelligence
  • U.S. Marine Corps, Marine Corchops Intelligence Activity
  • Coast Guard Intelligence

 

 

Use your understanding of realism, considerations of morality, and the issue of domestic determinants of U.S. foreign policy, and describe how the United States should deal with Iran?

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Military primacy

The notion of military primacy is the view that the U.S. has a military that is unmatched in the world. In recent times, the rhetoric between Iran and the U.S. has been invidious. There are concerns that the Iranian further advancement of Uranium is perilous. Notwithstanding the fragile nature of the situation in the Middle East, the recent killing of the Iran General, Qasem Soleimani by President Donald Trump has heightened the risk for conflict.

On August 6th, 2020, Secretary of State, Mike Pompeo shared on his Facebook page the concern that China’s relationship with Iran is dangerous since it can lead to Iran securing dangerous weapons, that Iran is the largest sponsor of terrorism, and that this is against the interest the U.S.

Use your understanding of realism, considerations of morality, and the issue of domestic determinants of U.S. foreign policy, and describe how the United States should deal with Iran?

Evaluate how the Founders’ understood each of these ideas as evidenced by the lectures and specific aspects of the documents you have read, including the Declaration of Independence, the Constitution, and the Federalist Papers.

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Central themes of the lectures

Question:

Central themes of the lectures and the readings have been the evolving ideas of equality, democracy, and limited government. Your understanding of these ideas in 2022 may or may not be the same as how the Founders understood these ideas. Evaluate how the Founders’ understood each of these ideas as evidenced by the lectures and specific aspects of the documents you have read, including the Declaration of Independence, the Constitution, and the Federalist Papers.

Suggestions:

The assignment calls for:
1. An overall, sustained argument in response to the question;

2. It would be helpful to develop a thesis statement and to set it forth at or near the beginning or your essay. The thesis statement provides the reader with the basic point or position you will take and defend in your paper. The form of this statement can be simple and direct (“In this essay, I will argue that…”), or you might be more imaginative about how you present your basic argument. But at some point early on in an argumentative essay, the reader should have an idea of what your argument will be.

3. Some concepts you may wish to employ as you construct your argument include:
a. The influence of Enlightenment thinking on the Founders as evidenced by the Declaration
b. The conflict between the Declaration’s idea of equality and slavery
c. How and why did the Founders balanced the idea of consent of the governed (and majority rule) in a democracy with protection of minority factions as explained in the Federalist Papers?
d. How and why did the Constitution establish a federalist system that limited the powers of the national government?

Define and explain the concepts of order, nation-state, power and justice. Compare and contrast the normative and behavioral (positivist) approaches to the study of political science.

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Understanding the Political World

Please no plagiarism or paraphrasing at all. The Professor is very strict and understands.

In an 8-10 page, properly cited paper based on the unit readings, answer the following questions:

1) Define and explain the concepts of order, nation-state, power and justice.

2) How do these concepts apply to the process of creation, maintenance and decay (explain what is meant by creation, maintenance and decay) as outlined by Hummel and Isaak.

3) Compare and contrast the normative and behavioral (positivist) approaches to the study of political science.

4) Why should we study politics? Explain two reasons why we benefit from the study of politics.

5) Explain the various fields of Political Science