What does Machiavelli mean when he says that leaders need to cultivate the virtues of the fox and the lion? Be sure to support your answer with evidence from the text or renaissance Italian politics.

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The social contract

Answer the following Five questions with a few sentences or at most several paragraphs. There is no need to construct a formal essay with an introduction, body, and conclusion. (Do that for Part II of the exam.) Just answer each question directly as it is posed to you on the test.

1) Explain at least three ways the life experiences of Thomas Aquinas influenced his philosophical ideas and his support for monarchy.

 

2) What does Machiavelli mean when he says it is better for a leader to be feared instead of loved? Be sure to support your answer with evidence from the text or renaissance Italian politics.

 

3) What does Machiavelli mean when he says that leaders need to cultivate the virtues of the fox and the lion? Be sure to support your answer with evidence from the text or renaissance Italian politics.

4) Explain at least three ways the life experiences of Hobbes, Locke or Rousseau influenced their attitude toward government. (Pick one of the three philosophers to answer the question.)

 

5) How does Locke define toleration and explain why is it important for civil society and democratic governments to have it?

Part II: Essay
Answer the following question. When writing your essay, be sure to address the issues and theories we have covered in class. Specific examples from the reading, lecture or films will also be helpful.

The Social Contract
Compare and contrast the arguments of two of the following three social contract theorists: Hobbes, Locke and/or Rousseau. When writing your answer please be sure to address the following specific issues:

1) Explain and analyze the theorists’ use of human nature and the state of nature.

2) Define and explain how a citizen becomes part of the social contract and to what extent the theorists rely on the consent of the governed.

3) What are the major features of the political system and how is it supposed to make decisions?

4) What are the duties, rights, and responsibilities of citizenship if any?

5) How may a citizen, if at all, leave the social contract?

6) which of the contract theorists do you find most persuasive and why? Are their ideas still relevant to contemporary political problems?

Write a 4 page methodology and theoretical framework paper. Use the 2 attached documents. One is a literary review “food equity 2” and the other document is an introduction paper “urban agriculture in Washington DC”

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Urban Agriculture in Washington, D.C. As A Response to Food Equity.”

Write a 4 page methodology and theoretical framework paper. Use the 2 attached documents. One is a literary review “food equity 2” and the other document is an introduction paper “urban agriculture in Washington DC”

Compare the way in which we elect Presidents in our current system to the proposal of the National Popular Vote movement. Which method is superior? Explain your answer.

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National Popular Vote movement

The U.S. Constitution stipulates that Electors will vote for the office of President and Vice President, what we commonly refer to as the Electoral College. Two times in the 21st century the candidate with the most popular votes across the United States has not won the most votes in the Electoral College, hence losing the election. Some activists and scholars are arguing that a democratic system of government requires that the majority rules; therefore, the candidate for President who receives the most popular votes should win the election. Further, there is a proposal to bypass the Electoral College without having to amend the Constitution (which is basically impossible).

Explore the strategy of the National Popular Vote movement at this website: www.nationalpopularvote.com.

Compare the way in which we elect Presidents in our current system to the proposal of the National Popular Vote movement. Which method is superior? Explain your answer.

Many human rights abuses impact more significantly on women. Discuss why this is the case, with reference case study of your choosing.

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Human rights abuses

Many human rights abuses impact more significantly on women. Discuss why this is the case, with reference case study of your choosing.

Use theese as reference
https://www.ohchr.org/documents/events/whrd/womenrightsarehr.pdf
https://www.oxfam.org/en/take-action/campaigns/say-enough-violence-against-women-and-girls/violence-against-women-and-girls-enough-enough
https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2021/may/13/violence-against-women-a-pandemic-warns-un-envoy

Should the aim of government be to achieve the ‘greatest happiness of the greatest number’?

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Contemporary political theory

Should the aim of government  be to achieve the ‘greatest happiness of the greatest number’?

Evidence on the effects of at least two policy interventions that have been shown to contribute to a substantive and statistically significant decrease in pedestrian fatalities

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Policy Memo 3

An analysis of data reported by State Highway Safety Offices (SHSOs) projects that 6,721 pedestrians were killed on U.S. roads in 2020, up 4.8% from 6,412 fatalities in 2019. The projected fatality rate for people walking spiked 21% for largest ever year-over-year increase as dangerous driving and traffic violence plagued U.S. roads. There are many reasons for this increase, some of which are within the control of state and local traffic safety officials and others which are not.

You are advising a member of the Wisconsin State Legislature who has received multiple complaints from constituents about the problem of pedestrian fatalities in your district. In a 750–1000 word memo, assemble some evidence on the extent and severity of this problem in Wisconsin, the landscape of existing state policies that aim to address this problem, and evidence on policy alternatives that might help to address the problem.

Specifically, your memo should discuss the following:

1.) Evidence on the extent and severity of the problem of pedestrian fatalities in Wisconsin. Hint: to establish extent and severity, use baselines. Compare the rate of distracted driving injury/fatalities in Wisconsin to other states, to other causes of vehicular fatality in Wisconsin. Note whether the problem is getting better or worse.

2.) Evidence on one or more likely causes of these fatalities, if any exists.

3.) Evidence on the effects of at least two policy interventions that have been shown to contribute to a substantive and statistically significant decrease in pedestrian fatalities.

Your memo should incorporate your knowledge of how to communicate effectively about statistics. You should also provide full citations (in Chicago Manual of Style footnotes) to credible sources of information on each of these questions. These citations will not count towards the final word count.

Explain the racial impact of the policy and provide sound analyses within the structural requirements.

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Public policy

All written assignments must use proper citation using the Chicago Manual of Style. Each paper must also take an affirmative position on a public policy, explain the racial impact of the policy and provide sound analyses within the structural requirements of each assignment.

How does idealism and self-interest produce different foreign policies? What types of foreign policies are associated with each? Must these two positions always generate different foreign policies? And is one (idealism or self-interest) always superior to the other?

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Foreign policies

How does idealism and self-interest produce different foreign policies? What types of foreign policies are associated with each? Must these two positions always generate different foreign policies? And is one (idealism or self-interest) always superior to the other? As with all of your open essay assignments, answers should be at least two paragraphs long, and there is no maximum length.

You mentioned political leverage in your presentation, is government corruption one of the challenges facing South Africa in its work against modern slavery? Have there been any sort of consequences or sanctions against South Africa by international institutions or other governments?

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Answers to a presentation feedback questions

1/As you have highlighted, South Africa seems to have appropriate legislation in place to combat modern slavery, including provisions in the Constitution. However, and almost unsurprisingly, enforcement seems to be the problem. Are there any significant barriers to ensuring adequate enforcement?

Also, is South Africa a part of any regional organisations? If so, maybe this can be a good way to foster collaborative responses to addressing modern slavery in the region. Just a thought :

2/You mentioned political leverage in your presentation, is government corruption one of the challenges facing South Africa in its work against modern slavery?

I see good legislation but a gap between what the law is and how it’s carried out. What’s the labour union situation like there, and is there a framework for effective labour inspection?

Lastly, have there been any sort of consequences or sanctions against South Africa by international institutions or other governments? Considering they’re an emerging power (for lack of better term) they might prove susceptible to international pressure.

Write an essay arguing if illegal immigration promote terrorism?

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Illegal immigration and terrorism

– The context must be focus in Europe and it is important to analyze European security and behavior about the subject (Europe: security for or against the displaced?)

– Abstract, List of Acronyms, Introduction, context,Measures, Method and structure,Research questions and etc are necessary and should be more than 10 page