How have the articles that you collected define the terms for your topic of interest? In other words, based on the articles you chose, what are the associated Operational Definitions? Include your sources and cite APA each operational definition.

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Measurement

Read Chapter 4 class materials before submitting your response (it will show in your answer if you did not read the material). Answer these two questions thoroughly. Check the Operational Definitions section of your book. https://kpu.pressbooks.pub/psychmethods4e/chapter/understanding-psychological-measurement/

An Operational Definition is a definition of a variable in terms of precisely how it is to be measured. The articles you chose define very strictly the terms they study, for example if they mention ‘intelligence’, or habits like ‘working out’ or ‘mental illness’ etc. They must define what these terms mean specifically for that study and how it is going to be measured. How do they present these terms? The definitions they use are specific, not vague. Each article will define their topic of interest in a slightly different way depending on how they will measure it for the purposes of their study.

How have the articles that you collected define the terms for your topic of interest? In other words, based on the articles you chose, what are the associated Operational Definitions? Include your sources and cite APA each operational definition.
Which definitions do you like the best? Which definitions will suit best for your project based on what you have learned about Operational Definitions? Remember: You may use previous articles to define your terms and variables but always paraphrase and cite your sources in APA!
Please do not just copy and paste material, practice paraphrasing, and write a substantial description of I want to hear your plan and your voice through your writings.

Calculate the standard error of the mean. What kind of information does the standard error of the mean give you? In other words, how do we interpret the value of standard error of the mean here?

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Calculation question (30 points).

Instructions: You need show your steps. You will receive only half the points if only final number is provided (when it is correct). You will receive 0 points when only final number is provided (and when it is incorrect). Also, keep 2 decimal places when you need to round numbers. 

 

  1. There are only four students in total from your class, and everyone’s IQ scores are: 102,109, 110, and 120 respectively. You goal here is to understand and describe the IQ scores from your class. Question: calculate and report the variance and standard deviation for these scores. (8 points). Tips: is this a sample or a population?

 

  1. A health scientist gathered data on how many times a year a group of elementary students got sick. Frequency counts for data from 65 students has been started below. First, finish this chart by calculating the cumulative frequency. Next, find the mean (in other words, how many times per year the students got sick on average?). (7 points)
  Frequency (f) Cumulative Frequency (fc)
6 times 2  
5 times 5  
4 times 13  
3 times 20  
2 times 15  
1 time 7  
0 times 3  

 

  1. If random samples, each with n= 100 scores, are selected from a normal population with μ= 100 and σ = 10,

1) Calculate the standard error of the mean.

2) What kind of information does the standard error of the mean give you? In other words, how do we interpret the value of standard error of the mean here? (7 points)

 

  1. The population of IQ scores forms a normal distribution with a mean of μ= 100 and σ =  15. What proportion of the population consists of individuals with IQ scores higher than 130? (8 points)

 

In 2-3 sentences, summarize what the introduction indicates about what past research has found, and what is a weakness in what has been found. What was the goal of the current study?

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Psychology Question

Instructions: Using this worksheet, complete the following questions as they relate to the source article. Responses should be double-spaced and can take as much space as needed. Most completed worksheets will be between 3-4 pages.

Plagiarism: DO NOT just copy and paste from the source article to answer questions. This is plagiarism. All responses must be in your own words.

Grading: This worksheet is worth 3 points total.

1. Abstract

Based on your reading of the abstract, what is the main take-away point of this article?

2. Introduction

In 2-3 sentences, summarize what the introduction indicates about what past research has found, and what is a weakness in what has been found.

What was the goal of the current study?

3. Method: Answer each question in 1-2 sentences.

How many and who were the participants?

Describe two measures used in this study, and how open-ended questions were coded?

Describe as best as you can the analyses the researchers conducted.

Provide a 1-sentence summary of what the analyses found (Results)?

4. Discussion: Answer each question in 1-2 sentences.

Briefly describe two novel contributions of this study, according to the authors.

What is one limitation of this study?

Based on your reading of the Discussion section, what do the authors say is the main take-away point of their research findings?

5. What did you learn from completing this assignment?

Using at least 4 major concepts from Cayoun’s system, explain how his system helps someone be less bound and restricted by negative thoughts and/or negative experiences in life.

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Positive Psychology Discussion Post

This post is obviously related to the Bruno Cayoun book we are using in this class. Cayoun’s work focuses on using meditation and cognitive behavioral dynamics as a major pathway toward being psychologically liberated and moving toward a rich and productive life.

Using at least 4 major concepts from Cayoun’s system, explain how his system helps someone be less bound and restricted by negative thoughts and/or negative experiences in life. You must use the concept of avoidance, exposure, equanimity and co-emergence. Please include how his system is not only meant to help people “get by” in life, but is meant to help people flourish.

When should you submit a notice of an alleged violation to the BACB? When should you try to resolve an issue directly with the individual? Should a submission of a notice of an alleged violation be warranted, what is the process?

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Reporting an Alleged Violation

This discussion explores your responsibility to report an alleged violation. Review the following:

Behavior Analyst Certification Board. (n.d.). Reporting to the ethics department. https://www.bacb.com/ethics-information/reporting-to-ethics-department/
In your post, address the following:

When should you submit a notice of an alleged violation to the BACB?
When should you try to resolve an issue directly with the individual?
Should a submission of a notice of an alleged violation be warranted, what is the process?
When and why would one self-report an alleged violation to the BACB?

Categorize these five items or activities into primary or secondary reinforcers. Explain why each is an example of a primary reinforcer or a secondary reinforcer. What primary reinforcers are the secondary reinforcers (if any) likely paired with?

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Primary and Secondary Reinforcers

We use reinforcement to increase appropriate behaviors. The effectiveness of reinforcement depends on an individual’s preference. While some items or activities are preferred for some individuals, they may be aversive for others. When using positive reinforcement, we must ensure that the reinforcers we are presenting actually function as reinforcers. Also, keep in mind that just because you may like or enjoy something, it does not mean you will respond to gain access. One may like doing puzzles, but one may not be willing to run five miles to gain access to a puzzle.

List five preferred items or activities that you enjoy.
Categorize these five items or activities into primary or secondary reinforcers.
Explain why each is an example of a primary reinforcer or a secondary reinforcer. What primary reinforcers are the secondary reinforcers (if any) likely paired with?
Speculate how they may have come to be secondary reinforcers (if any are secondary reinforcers). What were the primary reinforcers with which they may have been paired?

SOURCE:
Read or review the following:

Miltenberger, R. G. (2016). Behavior modification: Principles and procedures (6th ed.). Cengage Learning.
Pages 301–302 in Chapter 15, “Differential Reinforcement.”
Pages 113–114 in Chapter 6, “Punishment.”
Pages 73–76 in Chapter 4, “Reinforcement.

Cooper, J. O., Heron, T. E., & Heward, W. L. (2020). Applied behavior analysis (3rd ed.). Pearson.
Pages 263–271 in Chapter 11, “Positive Reinforcement.”
Pages 38–39 in Chapter 2, “Basic Concepts and Principles.”
Pages 329 and 330 in Chapter 14, “Positive Punishment.”

Discuss your own development over your lifetime and how it relates to the developmental concepts discussed throughout this course. Analyze your life as it relates to the key aspects of human growth and development. What are key developmental times in your life and the influencing factors that led to who you are today?

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Benchmark Paper: Developmental Analysis Assignment Instructions

Overview

The purpose of this paper is for you to demonstrate your ability to apply a working knowledge of the theories, terminology, and concepts of human growth and development. You will discuss your own development over your lifetime and how it relates to the developmental concepts discussed throughout this course. You will analyze your life as it relates to the key aspects of human growth and development. What are key developmental times in your life and the influencing factors that led to who you are today?

Instructions

You will incorporate your empirical studies related to your chosen developmental aspect of your life. Also, use the course readings or presentations to support what you propose about your own development in your paper. Depending on your life and the influences, there may be more attention placed during one period of time. You are encouraged to glean information from your mother about her pregnancy with you to see if there were any notable issues during that time. Remember to include your spiritual development with applicable research.

  • The body of the paper must be 8–10 pages
    • Excluding the title page, abstract, and reference page
  • Please adhere to current APA format.
  • You must include 8–10 peer-reviewed, relevant sources in your paper.
    • At least 7 of the sources must be empirical articles.
  • The sources must be less than 10 years old unless any of the citations are linked to an author whose work is seminal to your topic.

In addition, obtain as much information as you can about any significant events in your early childhood years. How did you do in those key developmental years? Did you approach all developmental milestones with ease, or were there challenges? Since this is a comprehensive paper, you will address your development across your lifespan.

 

Finally, you will conclude your paper by addressing any current lifestyle behaviors that may influence your aging process. You will address these issues, how they will affect your aging process, and what you plan to do about it. Your conclusion must offer suggestions for further study.

 

Note: Submit your paper in the course and in Tevera/LiveText:

  • If you are a School Counseling student, please submit to LiveText.
  • If you are a Clinical Mental Health/Professional Counseling student, please submit to Tevera.

 

Note: Your assignment will be checked for originality via the Turnitin plagiarism tool.

Determine if the criminal’s persistent offending can be explained using life course, latent trait, and trajectory theories. If any of those three theories do not account for the criminal’s persistent offending, explain why.

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Developmental Theories of Crime

In 500-750 words, analyze life course offenders using developmental theories of crime by doing the following:

Find an example of a person who is or was a life course offender (someone with a very long criminal history, serial killers, etc.).

  1. Determine if the criminal’s persistent offending can be explained using life course, latent trait, and trajectory theories.
  2. If any of those three theories do not account for the criminal’s persistent offending, explain why.
  3. Explain which of the three theories best account for this criminal’s persistent offending.

Use the GCU Library to locate three to five relevant, scholarly sources in support of your content, no older than 5 years.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

Summarize the article. Provide your reflection on the article and its findings. Discuss how the article will inform your future chosen practice as a counselor.

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Journal Article critique

Choose a scholarly journal article on a particular aspect of development for a specific age group or population related to  your program concentration (mental health clinical counseling)

Your critique paper should include the following parts:
1) Summarize the article.
2) Provide your reflection on the article and its findings (critique).
3) Discuss how the article will inform your future chosen practice as a counselor.

The critique paper should be roughly 3-4 pages (APA style).

How does the information reported in the news article connect to scholarly research in the field? What do scholars already know that can deepen our understanding of the information reported in the article?

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Psychology Question

Scholarly Research Requirements:

The News Report asked you to think like a journalist or a consumer of the news. Now, the Research Component asks you to think like a Women’s Studies’ scholar: How does the information reported in the news article connect to scholarly research in the field? What do scholars already know that can deepen our understanding of the information reported in the article?

This assignment will also provide an orientation to the interdisciplinary scholarly resources available for Women’s Studies’ students and scholars.

First (1), visit the Research Guide for Women’s Studies at the UMGC Library. Spend some time exploring the available resources.
To access the Research Guide for Women’s Studies
• Click on “Academic Support” > “Library” from inside the LEO Classroom
• Click on “Research Guides” in the tabs above the search box on the library search page
• Click on “Select a Guide” and scroll down to “Research Guide for Women’s Studies”

Second (2), using any of the databases or eresources available in the Research Guide, research some aspect of your news article. You should be looking for scholarly resources. If the first database or set of resources returns few options or only news articles and not scholarly articles, choose another database. You could focus on the main topic of the article (such as the gender wage gap, or women in the military), on a specific person discussed in the article (such as an activist, or a politician), or on a location discussed in the article (such as women in the Midwest, or women in Nigeria), or on a related idea (such as the history of cosmetics, or female-centered religions). Remember to maintain a focus on a topic of interest to Women’s Studies.

Third (3), choose two of the scholarly resources you discover, and write an annotated bibliography of 500-800 words as described here. Chosen resources should be no more than 10 years old.
• If you are unsure how to determine if a given resource is “scholarly” or not, here is a guide to evaluating resources: Locate and Evaluate Scholarly Articles
• If you need help formatting an Annotated Bibliography, here are two good resources:
◦ How to Write an Annotated Bibliography at the UMGC Library [note that this assignment asks you to include both types of annotations described here for each entry]