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Identify a major possible uncertainty or risk event with potential major positive or negative impact on selected objective, e.g. technical, safety, commercial, etc.

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Task: Project Risk Management Plan (RMP) Development

Overview:

Sydney Metro is one of Australia’s biggest public transport project in 2018. The new standalone railway will deliver 31 metro stations and more than 66km of new metro rail. Sydney Metro, together with signalling and infrastructure upgrades across the existing Sydney rail network, will increase the capacity of train services entering the Sydney CBD – from about 120 an hour today to up to 200 services beyond 2024.

As part of the team working on the project’s Final Business Case (FBC) for funding purposes, you have been assigned to develop the Risk Management Plan (RMP) for the defined scope of project below from either government or general Design and Contract (D&C) contractor perspectives. You are required to research and find more details of this major project in order to successfully complete the assignment. The selected scope of project for this assignment are three parts of Victoria Cross Station, Barangaroo Station and the connecting tunnels between these two stations.

Objectives:

  • Demonstrate the significance of Risk Management Plan (RMP) to construction projects
  • Develop and implement a proactive risk management process in construction projects aligning with risk management standards of AS/NZS ISO 31000, ISO 31010, and Risk Engineering Society (RES) Contingency Guideline 2019
  • Follow risk assessment process including selection and application of appropriate risk analysis
  • Address the different key aspects of risk management within the project team including risk culture, risk appetite, risk perception, risk communication, risk threshold and risk exposure
  • Apply a variety of risk treatment techniques and address optimum action plan decision making
  • Identify, interpret and analyse stakeholder needs and expectations
  • Identify constraints, uncertainties, risks and opportunities of the project (commercial, social, cultural, legislative, safety, environmental, business, etc.)

Instructions:

  • Establish an appropriate risk management context, including likelihood and consequence criteria, escalation table, etc.
  • Identify a major possible uncertainty or risk event with potential major positive or negative impact on selected objective, e.g. technical, safety, commercial, etc.
  • Prepare a Risk Management Plan (RMP) in accordance with AS/NZS ISO 31000:2018
  • Define the project boundaries and objectives carefully; you may need to simplify and define the boundaries of your report (for example “looking only at commercial risks” only) in order to achieve the word limit.
  • Include relevant literature review.
  • Show evidence of consideration of alternatives for risk management.
  • Clearly state the risk tolerability criteria employed
  • Reference correctly – not referencing sources correctly can lead to a mark deduction, and not referencing sources at all (including pictures, diagrams, and photographs) can be seen as plagiarism and can lead to disciplinary action.

Calculate the time constant of each circuit and use the graph to determine two points separated by RC value.

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RC Circuits

https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/legacy/circuit-construction-kit-ac-virtual-lab

Press the down arrow on the picture

Then open the file

Connect the circuit shown on the white board or the attached picture

Notice that there are two switches S1 is in series with the 18 volt battery

S2 is in series with  a 100 ohm resistor ( which you can set).

Make the capacitance 0.2 or maximum

Leave S2 open connect a voltmeter across the capacitor and notice that it will record 18 volts as the capacitor will charge quickly.

Bring a timer the (yellow stopwatch shown), or use the stopwatch on your phone

Open S1 and notice that the voltage remains at 18 volts as long as S2 is open because the capacitor keeps the charge on the capacitor,

Close the switch S2 and start the timer as soon as possible and record the value of the voltage at that time and then every 5 second.

Make a table of the voltage across the capacitor as a function of time

Get around 12 readings or more.

Plot a graph of Vc on the y axis with time on the x-axis. You can ignore the first or the second reading and start the graph making the third reading represents the voltage at t=0 (if it is difficult for you to get the value of Vc and time together for the first or second points) practice or cooperate with your partner first.

Repeat the above using a resistor of 60 ohms.

Plot the two graphs on the same graph paper or screen if you can

Choose two voltages on the first graph and calculate the time between them from the graph.

Use the discharge equation to find the value of the capacitor and compare it with the value you have.

Repeat  the above procedure using R = 60 ohms and draw a second graph.

Find the average value of the capacitor and compare with value you have. Find percentage error.

Calculate the time constant of each circuit and use the graph to determine two points separated by RC value and look at the difference in voltages that correspond to RC on the graph and find the ratio of

Final voltage/initial voltage

Do this for the second graph.

Look at the example on the white board.

Submit individually or in groups of two

Explain what the entrepreneur’s financial restructuring AT- WACC (% Debt and % Equity) need to be in order to create a positive ROI.

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Instruction Attached at bottom.
Assessment: The Angel Investor

This Competency Assessment assesses the following outcome:

MT480M6: Incorporate the combined attributes of debt and equity given a cost of capital model.

The concept of after-tax Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) is a common issue when studying finance at all levels. The impact of taxes, applicable to most forms of financing is a key component of studies in the field of finance. The Assessment questions will present the opportunity to assess and build upon your knowledge of and ability to calculate the after-tax WACC and the cost of debt and equity.

Read the fictional scenario and respond to the checklist items in this written Assessment.

Scenario: As an Angel Investor you have been asked to assess an entrepreneur’s product and financing options. In your role as an Angel Investor you focus on one year at a time. The entrepreneur asks for $100,000 immediately to purchase a diagnostic machine for a healthcare facility. The entrepreneur hopes to be financed with 60 percent debt and 40 percent equity. As the entrepreneurs’ venture capital partner, you assign a cost of equity of 15% and a cost of debt at 10%. You require a Return on Investment (ROI) of 8%. You are using an After Tax Weighted Average Cost of Capital (AT- WACC) model. A 35% marginal tax rate is applied Address the following checklist items:

Checklist:

Explain the tax benefits of debt financing.
Calculate the AT- WACC with a 60% debt and 40% equity financing structure.
Apply the calculated AT-WACC to explain why this is or is not a viable investment for you as the Angel Investor.
Explain what the entrepreneur’s financial restructuring AT- WACC (% Debt and % Equity) need to be in order to create a positive ROI.
Explain why you as the Angel Investor would require more or less debt versus equity financing. Be sure to note the nature of the claims on assets in times of a bankruptcy.
Submit your response in a minimum of a 2-page APA formatted Microsoft® Word® document to the Dropbox with additional title and references pages.
Access the rubric

Minimum Submission Requirements

Address all the checklist items.
Include a strong thesis statement, introduction, and conclusion. The main points of the response should be developed and explained clearly in the denial letter with appropriate financial and accounting terminology.
Your content should follow proper APA citation style. For assistance with APA formatting, go to the Writing Resources accessed through the Academic Success Center within the Academic Tools area of the course. APA formatting dictates that your paper includes a cover sheet (i.e., title page), the paper is double spaced, in Times New Roman 12-point font, with correct citations, uses Standard English with no spelling or punctuation errors.
If work submitted for this competency assessment does not meet the minimum submission requirements, it will be returned without being scored.

On what basis or bases of jurisdiction can the Turkish courts punish the captain of the French boat?

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Using the cases attached, answer the following questions:

1. In the Wildenhus case, Mr. Wildenhus, a Belgian national, killed Frijens, a Belgian national in a knife fight. The Belgian boat was docked in the harbor in Jersey City, United States, when the knife fight occurred. a. On what basis of jurisdiction can the United States federal court take jurisdiction over this crime?

2. On what bases of jurisdiction can a court in Belgium take jurisdiction over this crime? Explain your answers… how the defendant or perpetrator is connected to the court taking jurisdiction.

Lotus Case:

In the Lotus case (attached), a French boat ran over a Turkish boat in international waters. This is a case of criminal negligence.

1.On what basis of jurisdiction can the courts of France punish the captain of the French boat?

2. On what basis or bases of jurisdiction can the Turkish courts punish the captain of the French boat?

3.how does the theory of positivism in international law arise?

Discuss the obstacles that Dell faces for survival and success due to globalization. Support your answer with discussion and relevant example.

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Instructions:

  • Fill in the pt3 form and make sure to fill all information correctly including your ID, section and tutor.
  • Write all your answers on the same pt3 document.
  • Answer each question separately. Write one essay for each question.
  • Make sure to label your answers with the question number.
  • Do not write the questions in your answer document.
  • Make sure that your answers are within the wordcount.
  • You must upload your answer document to the LMS by the cut-off time.

Plagiarism

According to the Arab Open University By-laws, “The following acts represent cases of cheating and plagiarism:

  • Verbatim copying of printed material and submitting them as part of the Take Home Exam without proper academic acknowledgement and documentation.
  • Verbatim copying of material from the Internet, including tables and graphics.
  • Copying other students’ notes or reports.
  • Using paid or unpaid material prepared for the student by individuals or firms.
  • Utilization of, or proceeding to utilize, contraband materials or devices in examinations.”

 

Penalty on plagiarism

The following is the standard plagiarism penalty applied across branches as per Article 11 of the university by-laws:

  • Awarding of zero for an assignment wherein more than 20% of the content is plagiarized.
  • Documentation of warning in student record.
  • Failure in the course to dismissal from the University.

Dell

In January 2006, Dell, the world’s largest computer maker, announced plans to setup its fourth call center in India. The company already employs over 10,000 people in its Indian call centers, which provided a telephone help desk service to its many thousands of customers around the world. Like many other Western companies, Dell was attracted to India by the abundance of low-cost English-speaking workers, many of whom are well qualified and highly IT literate. Locating call centers in India sounds like a good deal all round. Customers get access 24 hours a day, 7 days a week wherever they are in the world, companies are able to reduce costs, and workers in a developing country get jobs.

However, not everyone is happy. Niels Kjellerup, Publisher and Editor of The Call Centre Managers Forum, an online chat room for call center managers, argues that the rush to outsource customer contact operations to cheaper locations has resulted in the worst of management practices in US and UK call centers being exported as ‘World Class Call Centre Practice’ in countries like India. He says that too often what is seen in India is bad customer service delivered cheaply. He claims that many Indian call centers are run as sweatshops with intelligent people being treated like cattle. Call center managers with little or no previous experience adopt ‘idiotic vendor measures’ such as ‘how many calls’ and ‘how short’, which simply result in the delivery of poor levels of customer service.

Agents are required to work nine and a half hours a day, but typically work anywhere from 12 to 16 hours. Processing 28 calls an hour is mandatory. Another target is to ensure that no customer calls back within seven days. The informant claimed that there are few, if any allowances for time off, even for doctor visits, sick days or handling family emergencies.

Answer the three following questions:

Question 1 (30 marks, maximum 300 words)

When a business expands its operation into other countries, the impact of globalization on human resource development and management is significant.

  1. What role does HRM play for Dell? Support your answer with examples. (15 marks)
  2. Discuss the obstacles that Dell faces for survival and success due to globalization. Support your answer with discussion and relevant example. (15 marks)

Question 2 (35 marks, maximum 300 words)

A traditional view of globalization is that it involves rolling out the same offering across the globe using the same ingredients, brand name and marketing communications. However, organizations have realized that they need to adapt their offerings and communications to local preferences and conditions.

By using B207B course material and other resources such as Dell website, discuss what is the difference between globalization and customization in marketing segmentation and marketing mix in relation to Dell Computers.

Question 3 (35 marks, maximum 300 words)

Globalization increases connections among people around the globe, both narrowing and widening the differences between them in various ways. On the one hand, increases in trade and communication bring closer awareness among consumers and workers of many brands and businesses’ activities, but on the other hand, it has negative effects on the global marketplace.

Required: Discuss the key negative effects of the global marketplace. Support your answers with examples in relation to Dell.

What does this mean for the future viability of the firms? How helpful is this analysis in understanding the company’s stock price performance?  

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BNL Stores

Description

The case requires students to conduct a financial analysis of BNL Stores, a retail business. Case materials include a multi-year balance sheet, an income statement and statement of cash flows data. Students will prepare and interpret selected ratios, and prepare a basic statement of cash flows. The case entails use of financial statement analysis, balance sheets and income statements to provide a complete picture of an organization’s financial health. Data for the case are disguised and are drawn from the published financial statements of a major retailer that went bankrupt. The collapse of companies in similar circumstances influenced the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s moves to require a statement of cash flows and was historically significant.

Detailed case information could be found at Harvard Business School Cases: https://hbsp.harvard.edu/import/699232.

 

Learning objective

The case allows students to calculate a series of financial ratios and perform basic financial statement analysis. It also introduces the statement of cash flows and engages students in preparing simple cash flow statements. These exercises then demonstrate shortcomings in ratio analysis through showing that good financial statement ratios can conceal deteriorating liquidity. The limited warning of bankruptcy in this case is a caution to students in reading and interpreting financial statements. The case is suitable for use at the early stage of an MBA or undergraduate core course in accounting.

Required questions

1) Calculate the following 11 ratios for each year from 2018 to 2020. Do you notice any trends? What insight do these trends provide into the operations of BNL?

Profitability ratios: Gross profit margin, net profit margin, ROE, ROA;

Turnover ratios: Days receivables, inventory turnover, total asset turnover;

Liquidity ratios: current ratio, quick ratio;

Solvency ratios: Debt to equity ratio, debt to capitalization ratio

 

Note: For any ratios involving the average of an asset account, use the ending balance of that account instead of the average balance for simplicity. For example, in the calculation of ROA, the end balance of total assets should be used as the denominator instead of average total assets. That is,

ROA = [Net Income + interest expense * (1-tax rate)]/ ending total assets

Inventory turnover = cost of goods sold / ending inventory

Furthermore, debt to capitalization ratio is defined as follows:

debt to capitalization = long-term liabilities / (long-term liabilities + share capital)

2) Following the format in Exhibit 3, prepare statements of cash flows for BNL for each year from 2018 to 2020.

3) What do the cash flow statements show? What does this mean for the future viability of the firms? How helpful is this analysis in understanding the company’s stock price performance?

 

Format of the case analysis report

The case analysis should respond specifically to the case questions in a clear and concise manner. In general, the report should be no longer than four pages of text (12 font size, 1.5 lines spaced, one-inch margins) plus four pages of appendix including tables and figures if necessary.

The text should describe and explain the key information presented in the statements, as if you are presenting the case to a group of audience who are trying to understand the financial conditions of this company better.

You should submit your case report to the blackboard using the link associated with each case. Only one copy of the report is needed for each group. Please coordinate with your group members so that the same report will not be submitted by more than one member in your group.

Discuss the molecular causes of disease phenotypes, including cell death, and understand how they can be detected.

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BY263 – Assessment Information

There are two assessed components for this 20-credit module:

  • Laboratory Report (30% of total marks awarded)
  • Exam (70% of total marks awarded)

The laboratory report relates to a single, three-hour laboratory class timetabled during semester 2 (typically midway through the module). The report comprises three elements:

  • Results obtained from class
  • Short Answer Questions relating to the laboratory activity
  • Written scientific abstract

Elements (1) and (2) will be completed during the laboratory session. Element (3) will be due for submission via TurnItIn two weeks after the final timetabled laboratory session. The provisional marks (until ratified by an Examination Board) will be released within 20 working days from the submission date and written, electronic feedback will be available via TurnItIn.

The exam is a two-hour paper that takes place during the end of academic year exam period. The exam will comprise MCQs (50% of exam marks) and SAQs (50% of exam marks). Written feedback on exam papers will be available for students to see and discuss during July. The specific date will be broadcast via a Student Central Announcement three weeks prior to the date.

The laboratory report relates to the learning outcome 4, specified in the module descriptor: On successful completion of the module, the student will be able to apply and evaluate molecular biology investigations.

The exam relates to learning outcomes 1-3, specified in the module descriptor: On successful completion of the module, the student will be able to

LO 1 – Demonstrate a critical understanding of the molecular genetic basis of organism phenotypes with an appreciation of the role omics plays in this understanding.

LO2 – Discuss the molecular causes of disease phenotypes, including cell death, and understand how they can be detected.

LO3 – Critically understand the mechanisms of cell cycles and signalling.

General Grading Criteria for Laboratory Report

Specific guidance for what is expected is given in the “Practical Handbook”. A general overview is provided below.

  • Results obtained from class.

These will generally comprise instrument readings (eg, spectrophotometer) and will in themselves not be awarded a mark. They are, however, essential for the completion of the SAQs and the scientific abstract.

  • Short Answer Questions relating to the laboratory activity

SAQs will be found at the end of the laboratory class “Practical Handbook”. Typically, several SAQs will be presented with a range of available marks. For example, some SAQs will be awarded 1 mark, whereas others may carry 10 marks. It is important to recognize that the magnitude of the mark offered is indicative of what is expected in the answer. Typically, 1 mark requires a single sentence making a single point of fact in response to the question. When more marks are available, the answer will typically require a combination of points of fact and supporting justification/working for your answer. The question should indicate this. Generally:

1 mark available: awarded if correct argument given.

2 marks available: full marks awarded if two correct arguments given; half marks if only one correct argument given. And so on.

For more detailed SAQs:

100% of marks awarded: correct argument is strong and clear. Additional details to support definition or concept provided. Clear and unambiguous sentence structure.

75% of marks awarded: Some details of the argument given and generally correct. Some additional details provided that show understanding of concept. Generally acceptable vocabulary used that relates to question. A few spelling/grammatical errors, but do not affect meaning.

50% of marks awarded: Limited or weak argument provided. Limited supporting detail. Grammatical errors that introduce ambiguity into the answer.

<50% marks awarded: Question has not been fully attempted or answer is ambiguous. Few or no supporting details. Limited vocabulary and many grammatical mistakes.

  • Written scientific abstract

This is a 300 word abstract based upon the results of the laboratory practical.

Twenty-five marks are available for this assessment. Broadly:

15-25 marks: A title must be provided and be informative. A general purpose and all relevant methods need to be stated using the correct and appropriate scientific terminology. Important numerical results need to be given with correct units and significant figures. Important descriptive results must also be given within the appropriate context. Conclusions must be given that are based on the results generated. Where statistical analysis has been conducted, this must be briefly described with p-values and error values provided. For full marks to be awarded, the abstract must be well written, contain minimal grammatical error and make the purpose, relevance and methods clear.

5-15 marks: Marks will be lost if the title is somewhat ambiguous or incomplete, contains errors, or is written without appropriate scientific terminology. Marks will be lost if the aims or methods are partially incomplete and unscientific. Similarly if the result section is incomplete, omits important results or incorrect units or significant figures are used. Marks will be lost if the conclusion section is incomplete and fails to identify the relevance of the results to the title/question posed. Marks will be lost if the abstract is poorly written (eg, contains grammatical errors and poor sentence construction).

0-5 marks: A failure will result if: A title is absent, or is neither informative nor appropriate. If the aims and methodology section is absent or not relevant to the experiment. If the results section is absent, incomplete, or not relevant to the experiment. The conclusions section is absent, incomplete, or not relevant to the experiment. Finally, a failure will result if the abstract is poorly written, making the aims and relevance unclear.

The pass mark for both the laboratory write-up and the exam is 30%, with an overall module pass mark of 40%.

Critically discuss whether the company puts any particular emphasis on any particular Principles – or whether the 10 Principles are reported upon equally?

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SCoRE Module MHN222568-19-B

Individual Assignment – Suggested Report Structure (Version 1)

Background:  The individual assignment carries a weighting of 70% of marks for this module, and has a submissio.  The module handbook contains details of marking criteria, and students should use this marking grid to inform the design and writing of their reports.  Submissions are to be made inside Turnitin, with the appropriate cover sheet, and appendices.

The Task:  Students have been allocated a company – normally a corporate member of the United Nations Global Compact initiative, and been asked to critically analyse the company’s reporting on its corporate responsibility and sustainability activities and impact. Students are asked to undertake this critical analysis with reference to Global Reporting Initiative metircs (using WikiRate), the UN Global Compact 10 Principles;  the SDGs, and academic literature on what constitutes good practice in reporting. The task has three phases, each with a deadline:

Phase 1: Deadline Friday February 21st – Completion of WikiRate research on an allocated company, using the company’s latest available sustainability and/or UN Global Compact CoP Report.  In this phase, students will familiarise themselves in general terms with the organisation under study, its main products and/or services, the scale and scope of its operations, its latest sustainability report, and its level of commitment to ‘sustainability’ as self reported using GRI metrics.  The outputs of this phase are:

  • an upload of the company’s latest sustainability report in to the GSBS WikiRate project page;
  • an understanding of metrics for corporate responsibility and sustainability reporting;
  • identification and analysis of the extent of sustainability self-reporting using GRI metrics;
  • a summary spreadsheet of WikiRate GRI metrics for use in the individual report;

Phase 2: Deadline Friday – Verify the accuracy of the WikiRate research carried out by a fellow student, by going in to and checking whether the analysis and reporting done by a fellow student is accurate, or whether something has been overlooked.  Student needs to check answers, and cited page numbers, and check unknowns to see whether they are really unknown!

End of Phase 2: – Post a confirmatory statement (following instructions inside the Discussion Board) inside the discussion thread entitled “Individual assignment – WikiRate Section: Student Confirmation Statements of WikiRate Research Undertaken”.

Phase 3: From March 6th to Submission Deadline

Ensure that you participate in the SCoRE academic writing lecture, run by the LDC, on March 25th.

  • Research materials on the UN Global Compact website – UNGC 10 Principles
  • Read academic papers (GCU Learn) about corporate reporting of CSR (useful for critical evaluation)
  • Review lecture materials for things to look for in sustainability reports

Design and write your report  – raise any emerging questions in your seminar class(es)

Suggested Structure of Report (add as required and use your discretion). To be used in conjunction with the Individual Assignment Marking Grid (see module handbook).

Executive Summary (Not in word count) – brief and succinct – good ½ page – last thing you write!!!

  1. Purpose of the report (brief description); What and how did you do it? Which report did you use?
  2. Tabular summary of the company (Name, HQ, Time in UNGC, No. Employees, Turnover, Products/Services;
  3. Brief overview: to include name of report; year; length of report (no. of pages); no. of sections; any special section summarising GRI metrics and/or reference to the UN Sustainable Development Goals?
  4. Summary conclusion: based on what you have found in your report, do you feel that the company is committed to being a good corporate citizen, following UNGC guidelines – or do you feel the company is greenwashing / blue washing? In either case, explain briefly why.

WORD COUNT STARTS HERE! Point 5 – 350 WORDS

  1. Brief summary and critical evaluation of your primary WikiRate research, using the spreadsheet to inform your analysis and evaluation (No. of metrics reported, which ones (not), etc..); Summarise any differences in the number and/or extent of metrics reported by the company in the previous year (e.g. commenting on whether reported metrics are biased towards environmental, social or are balanced); If you wish, benchmark the no. of metrics reported by your company, with the number reported by another organisation in the same sector….is it a similar number? Different? What does this tell you? May be add a short section where you talk about any differences with the (2nd) company whose data you verified?
  2. Description and critical evaluation of quality and comprehensiveness of reporting against the 10 UNGC Principles (and the SDGs); Does the firm report explicitly against each of the 10 Principles? Does it discuss its contribution to the SDGs? Does it report against the SDG’s? (Read UNGC article from GCU Learn (Lecture 2) to help you to understand the relationship between the 10 Principles and the SDGs. Critically discuss whether the company puts any particular emphasis on any particular Principles – or whether the 10 Principles are reported upon equally? How does this map against what you found when researching GRI metrics inside WikiRate? Guidelines for Word Count Point 6 : 1000
  3. Conclusion: drawing together your critical evaluation of the report overall, and what it tells the reader about the company’s commitment to both the letter and spirit of UN Global Compact Principles. If you were to imagine an “Ideal Report” – how far off such an ideal report is your company’s?  To what degree do you feel that the company is following UN Global Compact Advice on Communication on Progress (CoP) reporting (download and read UNGC Advice on CoP Reporting form the UNGC website)? Please access and read UNGC reporting guidelines (from UNGC website and also article provided in GCULearn on integration of reporting on the 10 Principles and aligning with GRI Metrics) and also read a selection of academic articles about corporate reporting, available in GCULearn (see Week 2 Lecture materials and readings).  Maybe conclude with some well-supported argument as to whether the company you are looking at appears from its reporting to be very clearly committed to the 10 Principles of the UNGC – or whether you feel that there may be aspects of ‘greenwashing’ or ‘bluewashing’ in the report.  Make sure that you back up any statements with reference to specific sections of the report. Ask for seminar tutor for guidance.  Guidelines for Word Count Point 7: 650

Appendices (mandatory, but not included in the 2000 word count)

  1. Spreadsheet summary of WikiRate research, clearly formatted with a clear header;
  2. Scanned copy of cover page of sustainability/annual/CoP report uploaded to WikiRate;
  3. Anything that you could not fit in to main body of report, but you would like assessor to see;
  4. A 200 word reflective piece on what you have learned on this assignment, and how you found doing the assignment.

Did you observe anything during the Jominy Test that confirms the idea that the quenching rate is lower away from the quenched end?

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Jominy End-Quench Test.
In this lab, we will perform a Jominy Test on a sample of 1018 Steel, which contains 0.18 wt % C.
Our first step is to austenitize our sample, meaning that we heat it up to a temperature where the sample transforms from the BCC α-Fe to the FCC γFe, also called austenite. For our sample, we’ll use a temperature of 1700 °F (about 927 °C), holding it at temperaure for 30 minutes. Notice where the sample would be on the Fe-Fe3C phase diagram, shown below, when it is held at 1700 °F.
Shackelford’s Figure 9.19, page 272. The Fe-Fe3C phase diagram.
The sample is quickly removed from the furnace and placed in the Jominy tester (see Figure 10.21), and the water cooling begins. Notice that only one end of the sample is directly cooled by the water flowing in the Jominy test apparatus. This means the highest quench rate occurs at that end and decreases as we move away from the quenched end. You may be able to demonstrate the validity of this last statement by something you may observe during the test.
When the sample reaches room temperature, we may safely remove it for further testing.
Shackelford’s Figure 10.21, page 325. The Jominy End-Quench test.
Measure the Rockwell hardness at various distances from the quenched end, every 1/16 inch up to one-inch, then every 1/8 inch up to twoinches. Present your data in a graph like Figure 10.24 shown below.
Shackelford’s Figure 10.24, page 326. Hardenability for various grades of steel. These grades all contain 0.40 wt % C.
Some questions you may wish to ponder as you write your report.

• Is there a standard size for Jominy samples?

• How does the Jominy apparatus actually work? Note that our apparatus was designed and constructed by one of our students.

• Did you observe anything during the Jominy Test that confirms the idea that the quenching rate is lower away from the quenched end?
• How does your data for 1018 steel compare to the other grades of steel shown in Figure 10.24?

• Can you find for Jominy data for 1018 steel? How does it compare to our data?

• What is ideal hardenability behavior?

• How do the curves we have seen, both in the lab and in our textbook, compare to this ideal?

• What can you conclude about the effect of quenching rate on hardness?
SRT 4/20/2020

Explain the different sources of EU law and with reference to the EU Treaties and the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018

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Explain the different sources of EU law and with reference to the EU Treaties and the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018 discuss the extent to which the sources of EU law that exist at the end of the transition period will apply in the UK thereafter.