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How ought the Christian think about sickness and health? How should a Christian think about medical intervention?

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Case Study: Healing and Autonomy

Mike and Joanne are the parents of James and Samuel, identical twins born 8 years ago. James is currently suffering from acute glomerulonephritis, kidney failure. James was originally brought into the hospital for complications associated with a strep throat infection. The spread of the A streptococcus infection led to the subsequent kidney failure. James’s condition was acute enough to warrant immediate treatment. Usually cases of acute glomerulonephritis caused by strep infection tend to improve on their own or with an antibiotic. However, James also had elevated blood pressure and enough fluid buildup that required temporary dialysis to relieve.

The attending physician suggested immediate dialysis. After some time of discussion with Joanne, Mike informs the physician that they are going to forego the dialysis and place their faith in God. Mike and Joanne had been moved by a sermon their pastor had given a week ago, and also had witnessed a close friend regain mobility when she was prayed over at a healing service after a serious stroke. They thought it more prudent to take James immediately to a faith healing service instead of putting James through multiple rounds of dialysis. Yet, Mike and Joanne agreed to return to the hospital after the faith healing services later in the week, and in hopes that James would be healed by then.

Two days later the family returned and was forced to place James on dialysis, as his condition had deteriorated. Mike felt perplexed and tormented by his decision to not treat James earlier. Had he not enough faith? Was God punishing him or James? To make matters worse, James’s kidneys had deteriorated such that his dialysis was now not a temporary matter and was in need of a kidney transplant. Crushed and desperate, Mike and Joanne immediately offered to donate one of their own kidneys to James, but they were not compatible donors. Over the next few weeks, amidst daily rounds of dialysis, some of their close friends and church members also offered to donate a kidney to James. However, none of them were tissue matches.

James’s nephrologist called to schedule a private appointment with Mike and Joanne. James was stable, given the regular dialysis, but would require a kidney transplant within the year. Given the desperate situation, the nephrologist informed Mike and Joanne of a donor that was an ideal tissue match, but as of yet had not been considered—James’s brother Samuel.

Mike vacillates and struggles to decide whether he should have his other son Samuel lose a kidney or perhaps wait for God to do a miracle this time around. Perhaps this is where the real testing of his faith will come in? Mike reasons, “This time around it is a matter of life and death. What could require greater faith than that?”

 

Do young people mould and carefully craft their online digital character and if so, how do they maintain this character’s reputation and social profile?

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My research question is aiming to find out how social media platforms allow young people to shape their digital environment and put forth different perspectives and personas in front of their followers and community. My
question will seek to find out things such as; Are young people obsessed with social media? Is it true that the more miserable you are, the happier your social media posts? How much does instant gratification play a part in
social media usage? Do young people feel freer and less restricted behind their social media accounts? Do young people mould and carefully craft their online digital character and if so, how do they maintain this character’s reputation and social profile?

Link to three articles with tips on how to plan, write and edit your dissertation:

http://www.theguardian.com/education/series/dissertation-dos-and-don-ts

The Guardian 21 & 25.3. 13 & 3.4.13

What are your areas of weakness within the leadership domain, and how did you determine a cluster as a weakness?

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OL 600 Module Four Journal Guidelines and Rubric Self Analysis: Behavioral Competency: The Leadership Domain
Overview: For this journal task, you will conduct a self-reflection of your current strengths and skill gaps related to the behavioral competencies within the leadership domain. You will also suggest ways to improve upon your weaknesses. This activity will help you practice the use of behavioral competencies that you will need to complete your final project.
Journals in this course are private between each student and the instructor.
Prompt: First, review the required module resources, carefully examining the behavioral competencies within the leadership domain. As a reminder, the two clusters within the leadership domain are leadership and navigation and ethical practice.
Once you are familiar with the leadership domain clusters, conduct a self-reflection and analysis by responding to the following questions.
 Strengths: What are your areas of strength within the leadership domain, and how did you determine a cluster as a strength? Provide supportive examples.  Weaknesses: What are your areas of weakness within the leadership domain, and how did you determine a cluster as a weakness? Provide supportive examples.  Strategies: What are your strategies for the development of behavioral competencies within the leadership domain? Provide supportive examples and information from your research.
Refer to the Module Four resources and other course materials to support your responses. Your instructor will provide feedback pertaining to your selfreflection and offer recommendations for skill development.
Rubric
Guidelines for Submission: Submit assignment as a Word document with double spacing, 12-point Times New Roman font, and one-inch margins. Dedicate a minimum of one paragraph of analysis for each of the three questions listed above.

Critical Elements Proficient (100%) Needs Improvement (75%) Not Evident (0%) Value Strengths Discusses areas of strength within the leadership domain, including how a cluster is determined as a strength, and supports responses with evidence Discusses areas of strength within the leadership domain, but does not sufficiently discuss how a cluster is determined as a strength, or does not support responses with evidence Does not discuss areas of strength within the leadership domain 30 Weaknesses Discusses areas of weakness within the leadership domain, including how a cluster is determined as a weakness, and supports responses with evidence Discusses areas of weakness within the leadership domain, but does not sufficiently discuss how a cluster is determined as a weakness, or does not support responses with evidence Does not discuss areas of weakness within the leadership domain 30 Strategies Discusses strategies for the development of behavioral competencies within the leadership domain and supports responses with evidence Discusses strategies for the development of behavioral competencies within the leadership domain, but discussion is cursory or lacking in detail, or responses are not supported with evidence Does not discuss strategies for the development of behavioral competencies within the leadership domain 30 Articulation of Response Journal assignment is free of errors in organization and grammar Journal assignment contains errors of organization and grammar, but the errors are limited enough that the assignment can be understood Journal assignment contains errors of organization and grammar that make the assignment difficult to understand 10 Total 100%

What is meant by Working Capital and, the meanings of Receivables, Inventory and Payables.

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Assessment Coursework Assessment code: 010 Academic Year: 2019/2020 Trimester: 2 Module Title: Business Finance Module Code: MOD003319 Level: 4 Module Leader: Tim Price Weighting: 50% Word Limit: 2500 This excludes bibliography and other items listed in rule 6.75 of the Academic Regulations: http://web.anglia.ac.uk/anet/academic/public/academic_regs.pdf
Assessed Learning Outcomes
1-3
Submission Deadline :
This assignment must be received by no later than 14:00 on Friday, 27 March 2020
WRITING YOUR ASSIGNMENT:
• This assignment must be completed individually. • You must use the Harvard referencing system. • Your work must indicate the number of words you have used. Written assignments must not exceed the specified maximum number of words. When a written assignment is marked, the excessive use of words beyond the word limit is reflected in the academic judgement of the piece of work which results in a lower mark being awarded for the piece of work (regulation 6.74). • Assignment submissions are to be made anonymously. Do not write your name anywhere on your work. • Write your student ID number at the top of every page. • Where the assignment comprises more than one task, all tasks must be submitted in a single document. • You must number all pages.
SUBMITTING YOUR ASSIGNMENT:
In order to achieve full marks, you must submit your work before the deadline. Work that is submitted late – up to five working days after the published submission deadline – will be accepted and marked. However, the element of the module’s assessment to which the work contributes will be capped with a maximum mark of 40%.
Work cannot be submitted if the period of 5 working days after the deadline has passed (unless there is an approved extension). Failure to submit within the relevant period will mean that you have failed the assessment.
Requests for short-term extensions will only be considered in the case of illness or other cause considered valid by the iCentre Adviser. Please contact iCentre@lca.anglia.ac.uk. A request must normally be received and agreed by the iCentre Adviser in writing at least 24 hours prior to the
deadline. See rules 6.56-6.65: http://web.anglia.ac.uk/anet/academic/public/academic_regs.pdf
Mitigation: The deadline for submission of mitigation in relation to this assignment is no later than five working days after the submission date of this work. Please contact iCentre@lca.anglia.ac.uk See rules 6.103 – 6.132: http://web.anglia.ac.uk/anet/academic/public/academic_regs.pdf
ASSIGNMENT QUESTION
Part 1
Mediterranean Delights Ltd (“MDL”) owns and operates 30 delicatessens throughout the South of England. It also supplies several chains of restaurants with its own range of imported products. The company last year had turnover in excess of £50 million. Two key corporate customers are Delios Ltd and San Pedro Ltd.
The company is managed by Wade, who owns 25% of the shares in the company, while the remaining 75% is split between three other family members.
The other shareholders are concerned about the business. Although there seems to be plenty of business coming in and the last year has been reasonably profitable (Operating profit was £5 million last year before interest and tax), the company’s debt has increased to £18 million from £16 million the year before. Wade has started talking about the need for the other shareholders to invest more money to reduce the debt.
Towards the end of last year MDL acquired a 40% stake in an Italian company which produces a range of premium pasta. MDL invested £10 million in the company to acquire the shares and has agreed to pay an £8 million advance fee for exclusive supply of the products.
The company is owed £1.5 million pounds for a series of large orders placed by Delios last year. There is also an outstanding dispute about a £2 million delivery to San Pedro completed in 2017. This has led to payment being withheld while negotiations continue between lawyers and industry consultants.
There is a further problem that Wade believes the San Pedro issue arose due to the supply of sub-standard materials by a Maltese agricultural group, Valetta Ltd in 2017. He has refused to pay Valetta which is now threatening legal action. In the meantime, a large stock of materials and supplies has built up at the company’s London warehouse. Wade insists that the company needs to have this level of stock for when the dispute is sorted out. He is also reluctant to press his key customers too hard for payment.
The other shareholders have approached MDL’s accountants to review the situation.

Requirements:
Prepare a report of up to 1,250 words for the shareholders addressing the following issues.
i. Using the reading list provided on the VLE, explain:
a. what is meant by Profit and Cashflow and how they are different
b. what is meant by Working Capital and, the meanings of Receivables, Inventory and Payables
c. how changes in Working Capital affect Cashflow (25 marks)
ii. Apply the concepts in (i) above to this company to show how the way the company is being managed might affect its financial results. (10 marks)
iii. Analyse and recommend what steps should now be taken to improve this company’s cashflow through better Working Capital management. (15 marks)
Part 2
Second Sight Plc is an international company which produces prescription glasses and sunglasses for a number of leading international brands.
The company has been operating for 25 years and had revenues last year of £250 million. It was listed on the London Stock Exchange 10 years ago and has a market capitalisation of £300 million with debt of £50 million. The founder, Nasser, is the CEO and owns 15% of the shares.
The company headquarters is located in Manchester which accommodates 40 staff including management, sales, finance, HR and administration. It has a production centre in the UK and another in France. In these centres it employs 250 staff.
The company is planning to open a new facility in the Netherlands and is considering a joint venture project with an Indian company. If the Indian venture goes ahead it would involve setting up a facility in Chennai which is expected to employ 800 staff.
The company has always used a traditional budgeting system. The Finance Director, Bridget, joined 3 years ago but is concerned that this approach might not be the most appropriate. However, if a change of budget approach is going to be made, she thinks it should happen in time for next year’s budget process. That way any “bugs” can be ironed out before the company goes through more significant changes in the following years.
Requirements:
Prepare a report of up to 1,250 words for the board addressing the following issues:
i. An understanding of the purposes of preparing a budget; an explanation of a) traditional budgeting approaches and b) the following alternative budget methods: rolling budgets, zero based budgets and activity-based budgets, explain their relative strengths and weaknesses (25 marks)
ii. Demonstrate the application of these methods showing how they might be used to plan future cost management for this specific business. Illustrate your answer with examples of how products and processes for this business would be budgeted for in a traditional approach and using the alternative methods (10 marks)
iii. Analysing whether a traditional or alternative budgetary system is appropriate to all or any parts of the business in its planned future form (15 marks)
(Total marks: 100)
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
This assignment requires you to demonstrate your knowledge and understanding of a) the management of cash and b) budget techniques.
Your discussion for part 1 of the assignment should explain the difference between cashflow and profit. Your answer must identify and explain why the accounts of a business can report a profit but a shortage of cash, and discuss the consequences to a business of being short of cash. The general causes of cash flow problems should be analysed using the case study presented to you, particularly regarding the management of working capital. Methods for dealing with cash flow problems and managing cash for the business described should be proposed and evaluated.
Your answer for Part 2 of the assignment should focus on the role of budgets in the context of planning and control. Your answer must identify and explain traditional budgetary systems and on alternative systems such as ZBB, ABB and rolling budgets, and discuss how they work. Your answer should provide a breakdown of the advantages and disadvantages relating to each system identified.
You should ensure that your answers to both parts make specific reference to the business under discussion. You are not expected to show any specialist knowledge of the sector in which the business operates, but credit will be given for evidence that you have considered what issues might be specific to this company.

READING LIST
Your answers should be supported by the reading material provided on the VLE. It should be referenced using the Harvard guidelines. You should only use these texts for your work; it is not acceptable to ignore this reading list as it has been specifically chosen to provide suitable sources texts for the discussion. Do not conduct alternative research on the internet.
FORMAT
Your reports should begin with a concise and relevant Executive Summary of no more than 100 words for each part. An additional Introduction is not needed. The Executive Summary and References do not count towards the word limit. The contents of tables are also excluded but the use of text in tables should be kept to a reasonable level and be properly explained in the body of the text.
Answers should follow the order of the tasks set out above and the word count allocation to each section should broadly reflect the spread of marks. Avoid exceeding the word count.
NOTES
Your answer must not be solely descriptive in nature; it should provide clear evidence of understanding, application and analysis of the issues under consideration. You should assume that your reader has some experience in finance and management but is uninformed on the particular topic; for instance, in i) you do not need to explain what “accounts” are, but you do need to show what their purpose is for this business in this context.
To achieve a pass mark you must ensure that you correctly identify and explain the underlying concepts and theories relevant to the assignment. To achieve higher marks, in addition to the requirements to achieve a pass mark, you will need to display application and analytical skills.
Your work should be expressed clearly and fluently using a style of writing appropriate to the subject area. Sentences and paragraphs need to be relevant, well-structured and incorporate the correct terminology. Ideally, there should be no errors of spelling, punctuation or grammar.

Do you think the reaction of the world to this new art form was warranted?

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The change in how people in France and Europe were viewing the world through their art is dramatically changing.
Please write two paragraphs, or more, explaining your emotional feelings.
Do you think the reaction of the world to this new art form was warranted?

Links:
https://www.claude-monet.com/impression-sunrise.jsp

https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/mane/hd_mane.htm

https://www.biography.com/artist/pablo-picasso

https://www.famsf.org/press-room/women-impressionists-berthe-morisot-mary-cassatt-eva-gonzal-s-marie-bracquemond

https://www.theartstory.org/movement/impressionism/

https://www.theartstory.org/movement/cubism/

https://www.phaidon.com/agenda/art/articles/2017/july/10/a-movement-in-a-moment-pointillism

Do the conclusions and recommendations follow on from the findings?  Are they well grounded in the evidence and arguments presented?

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Chapter 5

Thank you for sending your draft of chapter 5.  There are some good passages here, but I think this chapter can be strengthened when you have revised Chapter 4.

I want to suggest that, near the start of Chapter 4, you need to add a section to summarise the members of the sample.  There are 5 parents and 4 teachers, as well as the school principal.; I suggest that you need to provide a brief summary of the demographics of the 5 parents and the 4 teachers.  Then, you need to provide a summary of the data collected from each of the three components of the sample: what did you learn from the 5 parents about what parents believed about the topic and the research questions?  What did you learn from the 4 teachers about what teachers believed about the topic and the research questions?   Were the insights from the school principal different, and if so how?  Then you can go on to the presentation of the findings as you have in Ch4.

The most important thing to achieve in Chapter 5 is to explain what you have learned from your research in response to the Research Questions and to address the research Objectives.  You need to show how you have met your objectives and answered the research questions, and identify clearly and precisely the extent to which your research has been successful.  If there are aspects of the original objectives that were not successfully achieved, you need to acknowledge these clearly.  You need to summarise clearly, precisely and briefly the conclusions that you have drawn from your research, showing clearly how these are founded in the data that collected and in the data analysis and findings that you presented in Chapter 4.

Then you also need to explain and summarise any recommendations that you make arising from your research.

 

I suggest that you might expand your discussion of your conclusions and recommendations.

Guiding questions:

  • Have the research objectives (research questions) been reviewed and addressed?

I suggest that, in Chapter 5, you begin by stating each research question explicitly before you discuss how it has been addressed and answered in this study.  In this final chapter you need to demonstrate clearly and concisely how your data analysis, and the findings that you have arrived at, are together able to provide answers to the research questions.  It will also be helpful to provide a clear summary list of the key findings from your research.

  • Do the conclusions and recommendations follow on from the findings?  Are they well grounded in the evidence and arguments presented?

You need to ensure that the conclusions drawn are firmly rooted in the data that you have collected, analysed and discussed in Ch4, and in the arguments from the literature in Ch2.  You need to make this very clear here.  You might include clear cross-references to the specific sections in the earlier chapters to support the conclusions in this chapter.  All the conclusions and recommendations need to be clearly stated and solidly founded in the study as presented here.

  • Has the relevance of the conclusions for education been discussed?

I suggest that you might make a clearer and stronger case here for the relevance and importance of your conclusions to the school and to the parents and teachers.  This matter relates to the extent to which the conclusions drawn from your research are trustworthy.  If there are any aspects of the findings and conclusions that are not sufficiently clear, then you might need to recommend further research.  If you do this, it will be helpful to try to specify how such research would be designed to ensure that it would be able to provide clearer conclusions.

  • Are the conclusions and recommendations discussed in context and are they more widely applicable?

You need to summarise the limitations to the current research.  You need to show that you are able to reflect upon and identify the weaknesses in your research approach.

I would like to see a clear summary list of recommendations.  This need only be brief, and a very short justification for each recommendation, showing how the recommendation is based on the data analysed in Ch4 and the arguments from Literature presented in Ch2.

 

Does Siddhartha’s detachment prevent him from really experiencing the sensual world?

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“Amongst the People”

Does Siddhartha’s detachment prevent him from really experiencing the sensual world?

A Journey and Not a Game

“Siddhartha regarded it all as a game, the rules of which he
endeavored to learn well but did not stir his heart” (Hesse 58).
(A direct quote from the text). This passage from the “Amongst
the People,” illustrates Siddhartha’s… (State the claim). There
are several reasons that support this assertion. First, Siddhartha
is… (Reason). When an individual… (Explanation). What
Siddhartha is experiencing is illustrated in Buddhist philosophy,
“(A direct quote from a credible secondary source)” (O’Brien).
This explains… (An explanation of how the secondary source
supports the assertion).  Also, he is… (Reason). A person must
realize… (Explanation). Furthermore, Siddhartha is… (Reason).
He needs to understand… (Explanation). Therefore, he…
(Restate the claim).

Work Cited

Hesse, Hermann. Siddhartha. Trans. Hilda Rosner. New York: New Direction Publishing Corporation.

  1. Print.

O’Brien, Barbara. “The Four Noble Truths”. About Religion. n.d. About, 2015. Web. 19 March 2015.

 

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What if companies could measure how many products, they have sold based on how much investment they have made on social media?

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FINAL ARTICLE PROPOSAL: MEASURING ROI ON SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING 1
Measuring ROI on Social Media Marketing
Yasene Jesernik
Horizons University

FINAL ARTICLE PROPOSAL: MEASURING ROI ON SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING 2
Measuring ROI on Social Media Marketing
Social media platforms have impacted marketing in various ways. There is a lot of
competition from multiple marketers using different forms of social media. To find out the
effectiveness of social media, marketers should assess the ROI of social media used in
marketing. ROI is an acronym that stands for return on investment. It, therefore, shows the
return that an individual expects after investing various resources using social media to
achieve customer satisfaction, brand awareness, and increased revenues. Various
organizations engage in the activity of measuring their return on investment to secure their
budget. It also helps these organizations to find out if their social media practices are
effective or not. It also enables an organization to understand its audience better.
Finance uses the following formula to calculate ROI, ROI = (benefits from an
investment – the amount invested)/amount invested (Cronin, 2014). Although this formula
helps to calculate the ROI in finance, there are differences when calculating social media
ROI. The differences occur due to the use of different metrics of measurement. For example,
an organization can use the level it has reached its target audience in measuring its return on
investment. It may be challenging to use profit in such a scenario and therefore requires other
strategies of measurement. When one is not sure of the metrics to use for analysis, it is
necessary to find out what happened when you launched a specific campaign in the market.
To effectively measure social media ROI, there are various essential steps that any
marketing organization or individual must look into. The first step involves setting clear
objectives. Some of the objectives should be based on aspects such as experiences with
customers, level of brand awareness, and how to mitigate issues of security in case they arise
(Buhalis & Mamalakis, 2015). Social media marketing objectives must be in line with the
goals of various departments in an organization. Although social media can create brand
FINAL ARTICLE PROPOSAL: MEASURING ROI ON SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING 3
awareness, it may not always be sufficient. For this reason, it is essential to have clear
objectives.
The second step is to set goals and show how and when the organization will achieve
those goals. It would be appropriate to use the SMART strategy to set goals. An example of a
smart goal in social media is to increase the online response time by 15 minutes at the end of
the first year of operation. The third step would be keeping track of the performance metrics
(Michopoulou & Moisa, 2019). It is necessary to have the parameters that one will use in
measuring social media ROI. Follow up on the set metrics and find out if they are on the right
track of performance or if there is something that may require a change. The last step is to
find out the cost that one will incur while using social media. To find out the cost, an
individual or organization should look at the cost of tools, the budget set aside, the cost of
creating specific content, and the time employees take while on social media.
While measuring ROI for social media marketing, it is also critical to look at the
various tools. Some of the tools include the calculator, which helps one in calculating the
return on social media investment. Other essential tools include the Google Analytics tool,
Facebook pixel, and UTM parameters. When reporting ROI on social media, one should use
templates that have a plain language with a specific time frame for reporting.
What KPIs are you most interested in researching?
While the benefits of using Social media in consumer engagement have been established at
face value, there still exists a gap when it comes to measuring the impact or results of engaging
with consumers through social media (Aluri, Slevitch & Larzelere, 2015; Gill, Sridhar &
Grewal, 2017). This point is where the concept of Return on Engagement (ROE) comes in.
There has been comprehensive research on the usage of social media from a business
perspective, research efforts on return on investment have not fully taken off since measuring
FINAL ARTICLE PROPOSAL: MEASURING ROI ON SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING 4
the Return of Engagement is a new concept for social media marketing and is being fronted as
the ideal performance metric that could measure positive results of consumer interaction
through social media. As such the KPI’s that I am interested in researching are:
a. Engagement rate by reach (ERR) = total engagements per post / reach per
post * 100
b. Engagement rate by posts (ER post) = Total engagements on a post / Total
follower *100
c. Engagement rate by impressions (ER impressions) = Total engagements on
a post / Total impression *100
d. Daily engagement rate (Daily ER) Daily ER = Total engagements in a day /
Total follower *100
e. Engagement rate by views (ER views) = Total engagements on video post /
Total video views *100
f. Factored Engagement Rate = Comment-weighted ER = (Total comments x 2)
+ all other engagements / Reach per post *100
What is it you want to know about KPIs with regard to a particular industry, product,
demographic group, type of marketing message, etc.?
Social Media Marketing is present in all aspects of our lives. As managers are utilizing more
social networks and blogs as part of the company’s marketing communications. As such, it is
clear that companies would like to know if their Investments in Social Media marketing are
yielding positive results. Therefore, when calculating the Return on Investment, a company
has to consider all possible ways that the social media may benefit it (Miller, 2015-2016). The
ROI therefore indicates how many euros profit will jump out on a Euro capital investment.
FINAL ARTICLE PROPOSAL: MEASURING ROI ON SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING 5
However, there’s no standard metric for calculating “Investment Engagement Sale”. Current
metrics do not take frequent fluctuation of likes, shares, comments, views and other
inconsistency in factor. Social media is a fast-paced environment where users have the
opportunity to change their opinions within seconds. As such, it is currently difficult for
companies to use current methods and metrics to measure the ROE as current ROE formulas
do not take the above factors into enough consideration.
What if there was one formula that companies could use to calculate the investment
engagement on product. What if companies could measure how many products, they have sold
based on how much investment they have made on social media? Can you give me an idea of
what your overall research question will be? Finish the following sentence, then write a
paragraph or about proposed methodology. How will you collect data in order to answer the
question?
“The purpose of this study will be to create an effective way of measuring social media
performance as social ROE (return on engagement) or optimizing the current
measurement of social media performance as social ROE (return on engagement)”.
In 2017, Influencer Marketing dominated the marketing industry, reaching beyond
even distribution in daily and business media. Not everyone is convinced about the “Power of
Influencers”. While half of the marketing executives consider Instagrammer, Youtuber and
Blogger as the new brand ambassadors, the other half doubt the measurability of the results.
And not altogether wrongly: Especially in the transparency of the costs and in the success
control generally valid industry standards are missing. Many ponder: “What metrics are
employed, and which are relevant?”
The use of fake followers and bots is in order to attain more engagement, clicks and
conversions is currently seen and displayed as a huge problem in the social media marketing
industry. The usage of using fake followers and bots has grown. Ninety four percent (94%)
FINAL ARTICLE PROPOSAL: MEASURING ROI ON SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING 6
of marketers currently believe that in future transparency and authenticity will be the key to
the success of the influencer. Nonetheless, because of this manipulation in the social media
marketing industry, the FTC guidelines call for a more transparent cooperation between
influencers and brands and, for example, the labeling of sponsored news in the social
networks. According to a report by the search engine Influencer DB, On Instagram alone are
currently on more than 558,000 influencers, who have more than 15,000 followers. Eighty
one percent (81%) of all influencers are so-called micro-influencers with 15,000 to 100,000
followers and influencers with more than five million followers make up one percent (1%) of
all influence users on the net.
The revenue potential for companies that focus on influencer marketing is huge. For
example, 22 percent of 18- to 34-year-olds made a purchase after seeing an online influencer
associated with a particular product. And half of the 25- to 34-year-old users from a survey of
1,200 consumers who viewed influencer content or who communicated with influencers via
Facebook, Twitter, YouTube and / or Instagram believe that influencer communication is
authentic and genuine is (Source: Marketingcharts.com 2018).
In a competitive world, every company wants to be number one or among the top ten.
Therefore, it was only a matter of time that companies discovered Social media platforms and
influencer marketing for themselves. It’s time-consuming and labor-intensive to build quality
reach on social media channels. Those who want to assert themselves on the platforms need a
lot of dedication and patience to win a solid number of followers for their own appearances.
However, there are many companies that want their brand and image to be dominated and
presented everywhere. Some of these companies therefore utilize services from other
companies that specialize in growing Social media pages of companies. No patience? No
problem! You can finally buy followers. That’s easy. The network is teeming with offers:
1000 Followers on Instagram are already available for less than ten euros. But beware: A
FINAL ARTICLE PROPOSAL: MEASURING ROI ON SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING 7
purchase would be the quick way, but not the right one. Because such a procedure has for all
parties involved – influencers, advertisers, social media platforms – in the long term only
disadvantages.
When compiling this Dissertation Topic, I could not find any Literature, Research or
study that measured the metrics of bought social media services such as likes, comments and
followers and the effects that such services have on a business, a celebrity or an average
person. It does not mean that because something is ineffective for Businesses that it has to be
ineffective for other organizations or individuals. In order to truly measure the return of
investment in social media marketing, all areas and entities of social media must be taken into
consideration. It is argued that fake followers sell nothing but an empty promise. And as such
companies are advised to invest in quality over quantity. However, if we take in
consideration the latest controversy in the United States Presidential Election with regards to
fake news. From a scientific perspective, one could argue that widespread fake news on
various social media platforms played a vital role in the influencing of voters. Thus, in the
election of a President of the most powerful country in the world. Therefore, this research
will tackle and find metrics to measure the ROI for Social media Marketing as it relates to
organic and bought services. As such, I will dedicate my research not only to explore the
relevance of return on investment as a social media engagement metric but also to develop a
Formula that will calculate the ROI for bought social media services.
How will I collect data in order to answer the questions?
There are four major classifications of research designs. These include observational
research, correlational research, true experiments, and quasi-experiments. Each of these will
be discussed further below.
FINAL ARTICLE PROPOSAL: MEASURING ROI ON SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING 8
Observational research: Often times, the studies are qualitative in nature. My Social Media case study will
entail extensive notes based on observations of and interviews with various Social Media
Stakeholders such as: Influences, Customers, Marketers etc. A detailed report with analysis
will be written and reported constituting the study of my individual case. These studies
may also be qualitative in nature or include qualitative components in the research.
True Experiments A true experiment is defined as an experiment conducted where an effort is made to
impose control over all other variables except the one under study. To understand the nature
of the experiment, I must first define a few terms:
1. Experimental or treatment group – this is the group is comprises organic social media
users e.g. users that freely follow, like and share posts and information on social media.
that receives the case studies that are different from the control group: Bought Social
Media Services e.g. both followers, fans & likes on the variable under study.
2. Control group: Bought Social Media Services – this group is used to produce
comparisons. The treatment of interest is deliberately withheld or manipulated to provide
a baseline performance with which to compare the experimental or treatment group’s
performance.
3. Independent variable – this is the variable that the I will use to manipulate the study. It can
be any aspect of the environment that is empirically investigated e.g. buying social media
services, for the purpose of examining its influence on the dependent variable.
4. Dependent variable – In comparison to the Independent variable, I will not does not
control this variable.
5. Random assignment – in a study, each subject has an equal probability of being selected
for either the treatment or control group.
FINAL ARTICLE PROPOSAL: MEASURING ROI ON SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING 9
6. Double blind – neither the subject nor the experimenter knows whether the subject is in
the treatment of the control condition.
As stated previously, the control group will provide us with a baseline for
comparison. All subjects should be randomly assigned to groups, be tested a
simultaneously as possible, and the experiment should be conducted double blind. Perhaps
an example will help clarify these points. Wolfer and Visintainer (1975) examined the
effects of systematic preparation and support on children who were scheduled for inpatient
minor surgery. The hypothesis was that such preparation would reduce the amount of
psychological upset and increase the amount of cooperation among thee young patients.
Eighty children were selected to participate in the study. Children were randomly assigned
to either the treatment or the control condition. Wolfer and Visintainer (1975) examined the
effects of systematic preparation and support on children who were scheduled for inpatient
minor surgery. The hypothesis was that such preparation would reduce the amount of
psychological upset and increase the amount of cooperation among thee young patients.
Eighty children were selected to participate in the study. Children were randomly assigned
to either the treatment or the control condition.

FINAL ARTICLE PROPOSAL: MEASURING ROI ON SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING 10
References
Buhalis, D., & Mamalakis, E. (2015). Social media return on investment and performance
evaluation in the hotel industry context. Information and communication technologies
in Tourism 2015 (pp. 241-253). Springer, Cham.
Cronin, J. J. (2014). Teaching ROI analysis in an era of social media. Journal of Advertising
Education, 18(2), 28-35.
Michopoulou, E., & Moisa, D. G. (2019). Hotel social media metrics: The ROI dilemma.
International Journal of Hospitality Management, 76, 308-315.

Why is ‘secularisation theory’ a contested idea? What is the value of secularisation theory today?

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Church and Society Reading Lists for Essays 2018-19
MIN020X304A
The assessment for this module is as follows:
• 1000-word observation exercise (Summative: 25%). Conduct an observation exercise to identify the beliefs embedded in your congregation’s corporate practice of public worship. Alternatively, you can identify the convictions or persistent beliefs embedded in the corporate practice of worship of a congregation other than the one you normally attend. Base the paper on your observation of one service of public worship that you attend. Submit your observation exercise electronically via Moodle no later than 2.00 p.m. on Friday 21st February 2020. • Ammerman, N., Carroll, J., Dudley, C. & McKinney, W. (1998) Studying Congregations: A New Handbook. Nashville: Abingdon Press. • Cameron, H., Richter, P., Davies, D. & Ward, F. (2005) Studying Local Churches: A Handbook. London: SCM Press. • Cartledge, M. (2010) Testimony in the Spirit: Rescripting Ordinary Pentecostal Theology. Farnham: Ashgate. • Cartledge, M. (2012) Practical Theology: Charismatic and Empirical Perspectives. Eugene, OR: Wipf & Stock. • Ellis, C. (2004) Gathering: A Theology and Spirituality of Worship in the Free Church Tradition. London: SCM Press. • Ellis, C. (2009), Approaching God: A Guide for Worship Leaders and Worshippers. Norwich: Canterbury Press. • Gateshill, P. & Thompson, J. (2000) Visiting Places of Worship. London: Hodder & Stoughton. • Parry, R. (2012) Worshipping Trinity: Coming Back to the Heart of Worship. (2nd edn.) Eugene, OR: Cascade Books. • Steven, J. (2002) Worship in the Spirit: Charismatic Worship in the Church of England. Milton Keynes/Colorado Springs: Paternoster. • Stringer, M. (1999) On the Perception of Worship: The Ethnography of Worship in Four Congregations in Manchester. Birmingham: Birmingham University Press. • Stringer, M. (2005), A Sociological History of Christian Worship. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. • Ward, P. (2005) Selling Worship: How What We Sing Has Changed the Church. Carlisle: Paternoster. • Webber, R. (1994) Worship: Old and New. (rev. edn.) Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan.
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• 3000-word essay (Summative: 75%). Submit your essay electronically via Turnitin no later than 2.00 p.m. on Friday 17th April 2020. Choose One of the Following:
1. Community Profile: Conduct an audit of the neighbourhood where your congregation meets to identify its main features and the challenges and opportunities it presents to Christian mission. In the light of your findings, what approach to mission in the local community do you think best suits your congregation in the next five years? • Ammerman, N. (1997) Congregations and Community. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press. • Ammerman, N., Carroll, J., Dudley, C. & McKinney, W. (1998) Studying Congregations: A New Handbook. Nashville: Abingdon Press. • Ammerman, N. (2005) Pillars of Faith: American Congregations and their Partners. Berkley and London: University of California Press. • Cameron, H., Richter, P., Davies, D. & Ward, F. (2005) Studying Local Churches: A Handbook. London: SCM Press. • Guest, M., Tusting, K. & Woodhead, L. (2004) Congregational Studies in the UK: Christianity in a Post-Christian Context. Farnham: Ashgate. • Farnsley II, A. (2000) ‘Congregations, Local Knowledge, and Devolution’ Review of Religious Research 42 (1), 96-110. • Miller, D. (2007) Global Pentecostalism: The New Face of Social Engagement. Berkley/London: University of California Press.
2. Why is ‘secularisation theory’ a contested idea? What is the value of secularisation theory today? • Beckford, J. (2003) Social Theory and Religion. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. • Berger, P. (1998) ’Protestantism and the Quest for Certainty’ The Christian Century 115 (23), 782-796. (See Moodle) • Berger, P. (2014) The Many Altars of Modernity. New York: De Gruyter. • Berger, P., Davie, G. & Fokas, E. (2008) Religious America, Secular Europe? A Theme and Variations, Farnham: Ashgate. • Brown, C. (2009) The Death of Christian Britain: Understanding Secularisation 1800-2000. London: Routledge. • Bruce, S. (2002) God is Dead: Secularization in the West. Oxford: Blackwell. • Davie, G, (2015) Religion in Modern Britain: A Persistent Paradox. Chichester: Wiley Blackwell. • Ward, K. (2013) Losing Our Religion? Changing Patterns of Believing and Belonging in Secular Western Societies. Eugene, OR: Wipf & Stock. • Warner, R. (2010) Secularization and its Discontents. London: Continuum.
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3. Identify and discuss the human dynamics that make leading a multiethnic congregation in the United Kingdom such a challenging task. • Adedibu, B. (2013) ‘Faith without Borders: Maximising the Missionary Potential of Britain’s Black Majority Churches’ Journal of Missional Practice (2). Available at: https://journalofmissionalpractice.com/author/babatundeadedibu/#. • Beckford, R. (2014), Documentary as Exorcism: Resisting the Bewitchment of Colonial Christianity. London: Bloomsbury. • DiAngelo, R. (2012) What Does it Mean to be White? Developing White Racial Literacy. New York: Peter Lang. • Eddo-Lodge, R. Why I’m No Longer Talking to White People about Race. London: Bloomsbury Circus. • Marti, G. (2005) A Mosaic of Believers: Diversity and Innovation in a Multi-Ethnic Church. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press. • Patten, M. (2016) Leading a Multicultural Church. London: SPCK. • Reddie, A. (2009) Is God Colour Blind? Insights from Black Theology for Christian Ministry. London: SPCK. • Shannahan, C. (2010) Voices from the Borderland: Re-Imagining Cross-Cultural Urban Theology in the Twenty-First Century. London: Equinox.
4. Is America more religious and Europe more secular? Discuss. • Beckford, J. (2003) Social Theory and Religion. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. • Berger, P. (1998) ’Protestantism and the Quest for Certainty’ The Christian Century 115 (23), 782-796. (See Moodle) • Berger, P. (2014) The Many Altars of Modernity. New York: De Gruyter. • Berger, P., Davie, G. & Fokas, E. (2008) Religious America, Secular Europe? A Theme and Variations. Farnham: Ashgate. • Casanova, J. (1994) Public Religions in the Modern World. Chicago/London: University of Chicago Press. • Davie, G. (2000) Religion in Modern Europe: A Memory Mutates. Oxford: Oxford University Press. • Davie, G. (2002) Europe: The Exceptional Case: Parameters of Faith in the Modern World. London: Darton, Longman & Todd. • Davie, G. (2015) Religion in Modern Britain: A Persistent Paradox. Chichester: Wiley Blackwell.
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5. What has sociology to do with theology? Are these academic disciplines inimical to each other or can they enter into creative dialogue in the service of mission? • Beckford, J. (2003) Social Theory and Religion. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. • Berger, P. (1969)The Social Reality of Religion. London: Faber and Faber. • Berger, P. (1970) A Rumour of Angels: Modern Society and the Rediscovery of the Supernatural. (rev. edn.) Garden City: Anchor Books. • Gill, R. (1994) A Vision for Growth: Why Your Church Doesn’t have to be a Pelican in the Wilderness. London: SPCK. • Gill, R. (1996) Theology and Sociology: A Reader. (new. ed.) London: Cassell. • Gill, R. (2003) The Myth of the Empty Church Revisited. Farnham: Ashgate. • Gill, R. (2012)Theology in a Social Context: Sociological Theology (vol. 1) Farnham: Ashgate. • MacLaren, D. (2012) Mission Implausible: Restoring Credibility to the Church. Eugene, OR: Wipf & Stock. • Willis, E. (1995) The Sociological Quest: An Introduction to the Study of Social Life. (2nd edn.) St Leonards, NSW: Allen and Unwin.
6. What challenges and opportunities do whiteness, race, and ethnicity pose to Christian mission in 21st century United Kingdom? • Adedibu, B. (2012) Coat of Many Colours: The Origin, Growth, Distinctiveness and Contributions of Black Majority Churches to British Christianity. Blackpool: Wisdom Summit. • Berger-Schmitt, R. (2000) Social Cohesion as an Aspect of the Quality of Societies: Concept and Measurement (EU Reporting Paper No. 14). Mannheim: Centre for Survey Research and Methodology. • Leech, K. (1988) Struggle in Babylon: Racism in the Cities and Churches of Britain. London: Sheldon Press. • Parekh, B. (2000) The Future of Multi-ethnic Britain: Report of the Commission on the Future of Multi-Ethnic Britain. London: Profile Books. • Reddie, A. (2009) Is God Colour Blind? Insights from Black Theology for Christian Ministry. London: SPCK. • Shannahan, C. (2010) Voices from the Borderland: Re-Imagining Cross-Cultural Urban Theology in the Twenty-First Century. London: Equinox. • Sturge, M. (2005) See What the Lord has Done! An Exploration of Black Christian Faith in Britain. Milton Keynes: Scripture Union.
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7. Are the beliefs and practices of Christians in their daily lives worthy of the attention of Academic Theology and Christian ministers? Discuss. • Ammerman, N. (2007) Everyday Religion: Observing Modern Religious Lives. Oxford: Oxford University Press. • Ammerman, N. (2013) Sacred Stories, Spiritual Lives: Finding Religion in Everyday Life. New York: Oxford University Press. • Astley, J. (2002) Ordinary Theology: Looking, Listening and Learning in Theology. Aldershot: Ashgate. • Christie, A. (2012) Ordinary Christology: Who Do You Say I Am? Answers from the Pews. Farnham: Ashgate. • Heelas, P. & Woodhead, L. (2005) The Spiritual Revolution: Why Religion is Giving Way to Spirituality. Oxford: Blackwell. • Hopewell, J. (1987) Congregation: Stories and Structures. Philadelphia: Fortress Press. • Hummel, L., Moschella, M. & Frances, J. (eds.) (2010) Pastoral Bearings: Lived Religion and Pastoral Theology. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books. • McGuire, M. (2008) Lived Religion: Faith and Practice in Everyday Life. Oxford/New York: Oxford University Press.

Women, the State and the Economy: Does Brexit have implications for women?

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Gender At Work
2,500 (+/-10%) Word Essay
Select ONE essay question ONLY 1. Gender, Intersectionality and Organisational practices: With examples from the literature, discuss how an intersectional approach can contribute to our understanding of the workplace experiences of ethnic minority women?
Key readings: • Healy, G., H. Bradley, et al. (2011). “Intersectional Sensibilities in Analysing Inequality Regimes in Public Sector Organizations.” Gender, Work & Organization 18(5): 467-487.
• Booysen, L. A. E. and S. M. Nkomo (2010). “Gender role stereotypes and requisite management characteristics: The case of South Africa.” Gender in Management: An International Journal 25(4): 285 – 300.
2. Men and masculinities: Drawing on key readings, critically examine the value of the concept of the glass escalator for understanding men’s experience in predominantly female occupations. Key readings: • Simpson, R. (2004), “Masculinity at Work: The Experiences of Men in Female Dominated Occupations”, Work, Employment & Society 18(2): 349-368. • Williams, C. L. (2013), “The Glass Escalator, Revisited: Gender Inequality in Neoliberal Times”, Gender & Society 27(5): 609-629.
3. Sexuality at work: Drawing on key readings, critically examine how gender intersects with sexuality in women’s experience of male-dominated work and men’s experience of female dominated work. Key readings: • Lupton, B. (2006). Explaining Men’s Entry into Female-Concentrated Occupations: Issues of Masculinity and Social Class. Gender, Work & Organization 13(2): 103-128.
• Wright, T. (2016) Gender and Sexuality in Male-Dominated Occupations: Women Working in Construction and Transport, Chapter 5. Workplace interactions in male dominated organisations. (Available as Ebook).

4. Women, the State and the Economy: Does Brexit have implications for women? Critically examine this question drawing on scholarly views regarding the pursuit of a politics of austerity in Britain. • Key readings: MacLeavy, J. (2018). Women, equality and the UK’s EU referendum: locating the gender political of Brexit in relation to the neoliberalising state. Space and Polity. Issue 2: Brexit Geographies: 205-223. • Perrons, D. (2015). Gendering the inequality debate. Gender & Development. 32(2): 207222.